Dynamic Liquid Hydrocarbon

DYNAMIC LIQUID HYDROCARBON
MEASUREMENT GUIDELINES
Page 1 of 59

ISSUED BY
PETROLEUM MANAGEMENT UNIT
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

Summary
These guidelines provide the minimum requirements for the establishment of a Liquid
Hydrocarbon Custody Transfer and Allocation Metering Systems and also the
informations that are required to be submitted and shall be regarded as PETRONAS'
general requirements necessary while ensuring accuracy, safety and integrity of the
metering systems based on good oilfield practices, internationally recognised codes and
standards and applicable Malaysian Government laws.
In cases where the requirements and frequencies are not specifically stated in these
guidelines, PS Contractor shall derive the scopes and frequencies based on good oilfield
practices, internationally recognised codes and standards and applicable Malaysian
Government Laws, and shall implement the same accordingly.

Page 2 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1 INTRODUCTION
5

1.1 SCOPE
5

1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY
CONSIDERATIONS
5

1.3 DEFINITIONS
6

1.4 ABBREVIATIONS
10

2 GENERAL REQUIREMENT
11

2.1 UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
11

2.2 APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS
11

2.2.1 Measurement And Allocation Concept
11

2.2.2 Metering Project Implementation
13

2.2.3 Government Regulatory Requirement
14

2.3 DOCUMENTATION
14

3 DESIGN
15

3.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENT
15

3.2 METERRUN DESIGN / PIPEWORK
17

3.2.1 Flowmeter Type
18

3.2.1.1 Turbine Meters
18

3.2.1.2 Positive Displacement Meter
19

3.2.2 Prover Design
19

3.2.2.1 Conventional Pipe Prover
19

3.2.2.2 Small Volume Prover
22

3.2.2.3 Master-Meter Prover
24

3.3 INSTRUMENT REQUIREMENT
25

3.3.1 Field Instrument
25

3.3.1.1 Location of Sensors
25

3.3.1.2 Installation of Instruments
25

3.3.1.3 Instrument Loops
26

Page 3 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

3.3.1.4 Transmission of Pulse Signal
26

3.3.1.5 Conversion of Signals from Analog to
Digital Form3
27

3.3.1.6 Temperature Measurement
27

3.3.1.7 Pressure Measurement
27

3.3.1.8 Density Measurement
27

3.3.2 CONTROL ROOM INSTRUMENTATION
28

3.3.2.1 Environmental
28

3.4 COMPUTER BASED MONITORING AND CONTROL
FUNCTIONS REQUIREMENTS
28

3.4.1 General
29

3.4.2 Data Security
30

3.4.3 Calculation
30

3.4.4 Printouts and Hardcopies
31

3.4.5 Meter Proving Algorithm Routine
31

3.4.6 Power Supply
32

3.5 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS REQUIREMENT
32

4 TESTING, CALIBRATION AND COMMISSIONING
34

34

4.2 CALIBRATION
34

4.2.1 General
34

4.2.2 Instrument Calibration
35

4.2.3 Prover Calibration
35

4.2.3.1 Conventional Pipe Prover Calibration
35

4.2.3.2 Small Volume Prover Calibration
36

4.2.3.3 Master-Meter Prover
37

4.2.4 Meter Calibration
38

4.3 TESTING
38

4.3.1 General Testing
38

4.3.2 Factory Acceptance Test
38

Page 4 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

4.3.2.1 General Check
38

4.3.2.2 Metering Panel and Instrumentation
Equipment Tests
39

4.3.2.3 Flow Testing Calibration
41

4.3.3 Site Acceptance Test
43

4.4 COMMISSIONING
44

4.4.1 General
44

4.4.2 Installation Quality Assurance
44

4.4.3 Commissioning
45

4.4.4 Start-up
45

5 OPERATION, VALIDATION AND ACCOUNTING
46

46

5.2 SYSTEM OPERATION
46

5.2.1 Operating Manual
47

5.3 SYSTEM VALIDATION
48

5.3.1 Validation Manual
49

5.4 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE
50

5.5 SECURITY
51

5.6 ACCOUNTING/ALLOCATION MANUAL
51

5.7 METERING STATION RECORD KEEPING
52

5.7.1 Log Books / Records
52

5.8 DIRECT REPORTING
53

6 FINAL PROVISION
54

7 REFERENCE
55

APPENDICES
58

Page 5 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0 INTRODUCTION
These guidelines shall be read as part of the Main Documents, Production Operations Section 11:
Well Testing, Production Measurement and Allocation.
1.0.1 SCOPE
These guidelines provide the minimum requirements in the design, installation, testing,
commissioning, operation and maintenance of Liquid Hydrocarbon Custody Transfer and
Allocation Metering Systems. Unless otherwise specified, the guidelines mentioned
hereunder are applicable for both Custody Transfer and Allocation Metering Systems.
The objective of these guidelines are to ensure that all Liquid Hydrocarbon Custody
Transfer and Allocation Metering Systems are designed, installed, tested, commissioned,
operated and maintained in accordance with the minimum requirements of PETRONAS for
accurate measurements of liquid hydrocarbon.
1.0.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS
Unless otherwise authorised by PETRONAS, the distribution of these guidelines are
confined to companies forming part of PETRONAS and PETRONAS Production Sharing
(PS) Contractors or their nominated third party or parties for the above scope of work.
These guidelines are intended for use by all involved in the design, installation, testing,
commissioning, operation and maintenance of a Liquid Hydrocarbon Custody Transfer and
Allocation Metering Systems in PETRONAS, its PS Contractors or their nominated third
party. It is the responsibility of the respective PS Contractors or Contractor as referred to in
these guidelines, in ensuring these guidelines are followed if wholly or partly of the above
scope are outsource or contract out to any third party or parties.

Page 6 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

In developing oil and gas fields that straddle with neighbouring countries, if the co host
country have its local regulations, the Contractor shall determine by careful scrutiny which
of the requirements are more stringent and which combination of the requirements will be
acceptable as regards to safety, environmental and economic aspects. In all cases the
Contractor shall inform PETRONAS of any deviation from the requirements of these
guidelines which are considered to be necessary in order to comply with the neighbouring
countries local regulations. PETRONAS may then negotiate with the Malaysian Authorities
and the respective Authorities concerned with the objective of obtaining agreement to follow
these guidelines as closely as possible and also to be cost effective.
1.0.3 DEFINITIONS
General definitions
The Contractor refers here is the Production Sharing Contractors which sign the
Production Sharing Contract with PETRONAS in respect of the exploration for exploitation,
winning and obtaining of petroleum resources in the Contract Area on the terms and
conditions set out in the said contract.
The Vendor is the party which manufactures or supplies equipment and services to perform
the duties specified by the Contractor.
The word Shall indicates a requirement.
The word Should indicates a recommendation.
Specific definitions
Accuracy - The measure of the closeness of a measurement to the true value.
Automatic Sampler - A system which, when installed in a pipe and actuated by automatic
control equipment, enables a representative sample to be obtained from the fluid/gas
flowing in the pipe. The system generally consists of a sampling probe, a sample extractor,
an associated controller and a sampler receiver. Normally it is also equipped with a sample
monitoring device.

Page 7 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

Computer Part - The part of the metering system that consist of digital computers and
receives digital signals from A/D converters or from digital instrument loops.
Control Chart - A graphical chart of the constancy of measurement used for evaluating
whether meter proving operations are in or out of statistical control. On it are shown the +/-
3 sigma limits of dispersion from the average system factor, x (standard deviation), within
which the measurement system considered to be in control (API Chapter 13).
Online Density Meter - A density meter also known as densitometer operating on a
representative sample of the process material withdrawn continuously from the process line
or vessel via a sampling system.
Custody Transfer Metering System (for liquid hydrocarbon) - A measuring system
comprising mechanical, instrument and computer parts whose registered measured quantity
is used for sale where there is a change in ownership. This system normally has an
uncertainty of +/-0.3 %. of standard volume.
Allocation Metering System (for liquid hydrocarbon)- A measuring system comprising
mechanical, instrument and computer parts whose registered measured quantity is used
for allocation between two or more Contractors which involved in sharing the same
facilities for their operation . This system normally has an uncertainty of +/-1%.
Instrument Loop - Includes all elements that form part of the measurement of each
individual quantity from sensor to input of the A/D converter or input of digital signal to the
computer part.
Linearity - The deviation or spread of calibration data points from an acceptable straight
line over the defined flow range.
Linearity of a Meter - The ideal accuracy curve of a volume meter is a straight line
denoting a constant meter factor. Meter linearity is expressed as the total range of deviation
of the accuracy curve from such a straight line between the minimum and maximum
recommended flow rates.
Meter run - A flow measuring device complete with associated strainers, entry/exit
pipework, upstream and downstream straight lengths, flowmeter and flow straighteners.

Page 8 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

Minimum Meter Flow Rate - The minimum rate of flow recommended by the meter
manufacturer or authorised by a regulatory body. The minimum rate is determined by
considerations of accuracy, repeatability and linearity.
Maximum Meter Flow Rate - The maximum rate of flow recommended by the meter
manufacturer or authorised by a regulatory body. The maximum rate is determined by
considerations of accuracy, durability, pressure drop, repeatability, and linearity.
Meter Proving - An exercise carried out to determine the relationship between the volume
of liquid passing through a meter at one set of conditions and the indicated or reference
volume at those same conditions.
Positive Displacement Meter - A meter in which the measuring element is the discrete
volumetric segments in the meter and volume is directly measured by continuous
separating (isolating) a flow stream into discrete volume segments and counting them.
Conventional Pipe Prover - Device for calibration of dynamic volume meter, based on
displacement of a body through a calibrated tube or pipe that volume between detectors
permit a minimum accumulation of 10,000 direct (unaltered) pulses from the meter. A
conventional pipe prover can of either unidirectional or bidirectional type.
Pulse Interpolation - Any of the various techniques by which the whole number of meter
pulses is counted between two events (such as detector switch closures) and any remaining
fraction of a pulse between the two events is calculated
Repeatability - The quality which characterizes the ability of a measuring instrument to give
identical indications or responses, for repeated applications of the same value of the
measured quantity under stated conditions of use.
Sampling - An exercise that is carried out either automatic or manual to obtain a sample
that is representative of the contents of any pipe, tank or other vessel and to replace that
sample in a container from which a representative test specimen be taken for analysis.
Small Volume Provers - Any pipe or piston-type prover used to calibrate a meter, having a
volume between detectors that does not permit a minimum accumulationof 10,000 direct
(unaltered) pulses from the meter. Small volume provers require meter pulses
discrimination by pulse interpolation or other technique to increase the resolution.

Page 9 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

Standard Reference Conditions - The conditions of temperature and pressure to which
measured volumes are to be corrected. Standard reference conditions for pressure and
temperature shall be 101.325 kPa (abs) and 15
o
C respectively, in accordance with ISO
5024.
Turbine Meter - A meter in which the measuring element is a multi-bladed rotor or impeller
to which the metered stream imparts a rotational velocity that is proportional to the mean
velocity of the stream. Measured volume is registered by counting rotor revolutions.
Uncertainty - The part of the expression of the result of a measurement which states the
range of values within which the true value of, if appropriate, the conventional true value is
estimated to fall.
Tank Provers - An open or closed volumetric vessel of known capacity that has a reduced
cross section or neck located at both the top and bottom or, in some cases at the top only
with graduated scales designed for the accurate determination of the volume of liquid
delivered into or out of it during a meter proving operation.

Page 10 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.4 ABBREVIATIONS
AC - Alternating Current
A/D - Analogue to Digital
AGA - American Gas Association
API - American Petroleum Institute
BS - British Standards Institution
CCR - Central Control Room
DC - Direct Current
DP - Differential Pressure
FAT - Factory Acceptance Test

GHV - Gross Heating Value
IP - The Institute of Petroleum
IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission
ISA - Instrument Society of America
ISO - International Organization of Standardization
LCR - Local Control Room
MPMS - Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard
NBS - National Bureau of Standard
NEC - National Electricity Code
PID - Piping and Instrument Drawings
RTD - Resistance Thermal Detector
SI - International System of Unit
SIRIM - Standard Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia
STC - Site Testing and Commissioning

Page 11 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

2.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.0.1 UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
The base (reference or standard) conditions for metering system shall be in Sl units in
accordance with the ISO 1024 latest revision whose base conditions are defined as
pressure of 101.325 kPa (abs) at temperature 15
o
C. Where imperial units such as barrel is
required, it shall be converted from the base Sl unit and referenced to 14.696 psia and 60
0
F.
Liquid hydrocarbon measurement shall be either in volumetric, mass or energy units .The
units shall be SI units.
2.0.2 APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS
2.0.2.1 Measurement and Allocation Concept
Proposed Measurement and Allocation concept shall be submitted for
PETRONAS evaluation and approval. The concept shall be submitted and
agreed during the Field Development Design stage. Contractor shall carry out the
financial exposure and cost benefit analysis during the evaluation of the concept
and to determine the location for the installation of the metering system, metering
system configuration and level of accuracy required. To facilitate the above
approval, the preliminary submission to PETRONAS shall include but not limited
to the following items.
1. Measurement philosophy.
2. Product allocation principles.
3. Measurement methods and standards.
4. Proposed system accuracy.
5. Production accounting exposure analysis.

Page 12 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

6. Metering Project cost estimates.
7. Field area and installation layout with main pipelines.
8. Proposed sizing of the metering system.
9. Preliminary system configuration.
The metering system can either be used for Custody Transfer or Allocation
purpose.
Two categories of metering system fall under the preview of these guidelines.
a) Custody Transfer Metering System - This type of system is normally of high accuracy
and normally designed with an uncertainty of +/- 0.3% of standard volume, used for custody transfer
application i.e transfer of ownership.. The figure registered from this system is used for sales
determination.
b) Allocation Metering System - This type of metering system has slightly lower accuracy
than Custody Transfer Metering and normally designed with an uncertainty of +/-1%. This type of system
is used for allocation of liquid between fields of different ownership sharing a common facility or facilities.
The allocation method normally used is by full allocation i.e where metering systems are installed in all
fields of different ownership involved in sharing the same facilities. However, the uncertainty of the
metering system can also be designed to be of custody transfer quality standard e.g +/-0.3% if
measurement by difference allocation concept being adopted. Factors such as oil reserve, investment
cost and impact to the related parties are to be considered and agreed by those involved before this
allocation concept is adopted.
Generally two main measurement and allocation concept are currently
acceptable, as described above, namely,
1. Measurement by difference method .
2. Full allocation.

Page 13 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

Only upon PETRONAS agreement on the measurement and allocation concept,
Contractors can proceed on procuring of the relevant metering systems in
accordance to these guidelines. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to obtain
agreement from their equity partner and the interested party or parties that will be
affected with the metering system installation, before the concept is submitted for
PETRONAS agreement. Any deviations from these guidelines with respect to
the measurement and allocation concept, design, operation and maintenance of
the metering system requires PETRONAS approval.
2.0.2.2 Metering Project Implementation
PETRONAS at their discretion will also request the following information be
submitted prior to the release of bid package:-
a. System specifications.
b. Design formulaand calculations.
c. Calculation of overall accuracy and uncertainty of the system.
d. Relevant drawings.

PETRONAS may also request the Project Definition Manual be submitted prior
commencing fabrication of the metering system and will inform Contractor if
other information is required.
Prior to the official use of the metering system, Contractor shall submit an
application together with all the relevant data for PETRONAS to review and
PETRONAS will provide the approval after having satisfied with the system
performance either from the data submitted or after visiting the installation site.
Metering system installed shall be traceable to SIRIM Berhads standard.
Contractor shall also submit to PETRONAS for approval the hydrocarbon
allocation and accounting procedure and as well as the validation procedure. The
operation procedure will be requested on the need basis.

Page 14 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

2.0.2.3 Government Regulatory Requirement
Custody Transfer Metering System which registered flow quantity that is also
used to calculate the crude oil sales tax need to be agreed by the Malaysian
Authorities i.e. SIRIM Berhad and Customs and Excise Department. System to
be installed shall be first agreed by the authorities and certification from them is
necessary prior official use.
Should other method of measurement intended to be used for the above
application, agreement by Customs and Excise Department is necessary.
Contractor shall also ensure that Department Of Safety And Health (DOSH)
approval is obtained by their Vendors should the fabrication and testing of the
metering system be carried out in Malaysia. Approval should also be obtained if
the system is to be installed and operated onshore.
2.0.3 DOCUMENTATION
Contractor shall establish and maintain an up-to-date file containing all specifications,
calculations and drawings (as-built). The file should also contain reports concerning
verification revisions, design, fabrication, installation and commissioning including
inspection and testing programs and operation manual for all fixed and temporary phases,
and other relevant documentation.
Contractor shall ensure that all documentation during the metering project implementation
are timely available such as the project definition manual including the uncertainty analysis,
factory and site acceptance test procedures and its result and as well as project completion
report. PETRONAS may request some of these information on the need basis.
The Contractor should maintain up-to-date lists of current documentation and
documentation under preparation. Contractors internal control system including the
documentation should also be made available to ensure the quality of the metering systems
are maintained.

Page 15 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

3.0 DESIGN
3.0.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENT
The metering and proving systems shall be designed, fabricated, inspected and tested in
accordance with the latest agreed editions and addenda to the technical specifications,
codes, standards and references mentioned in these guidelines, section 7.
Contractor shall request the vendor to quote for the design, manufacture, testing, calibration
and documentation of a fully integrated skid and associated control panel.
The metering system shall comprise the following major component parts:-
1. Field mounted skid and instrumentation.
the minimum number of parallel meter runs required from the specified maximum and minimum flow
rates at the specified accuracy with one complete spare meter run and a meter prover. For allocation
metering system where its availability is less critical, the spare run may not be required
flow proportional automatic sampling system. .
all associated pipe-works, valves and fittings, access stairs, walkways for operation and
maintenance, lifting padeyes and drip pans.
all transducer and instrumentation necessary for automatic meter proving prover operation and
continuous measurement of mass and volumetric quantities and flowrates of liquid together with its
temperature, pressure, density and water content prior to delivery.
2. Metering control panel and computing facilities in the Control Room
the computer system consisting of flow computers, prover computer, station computer and
communication bus. Station computer and communication bus shall

Page 16 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

be provided with full redundancy. For the allocation metering system, this depends on the
availability and criticality requirement of the system.
all other items not specifically mentioned but necessary for the functioning of the systems,
including equipment for testing and calibration.
the control panel shall include all terminations, computing devices, indicators and controls
necessary for operation from the panel location.
All equipment within the skid shall be arranged such that it is easily accessible for operation
and maintenance. Platforms, gratings, stairs, etc. be provided as required for easy
movement within the skid area. For metering system that required heat tracing, all
equipment and components that will be accessed periodically shall be provided with
removable insulating covers fitted with quick release fasteners. All equipment and material
supplied shall be brand new and of good quality suitably be used for its intended operating
conditions.
The system shall be designed to allow subsequent re-calibration of the conventional pipe
prover or small volume prover on site with a portable master pipe prover - master meter
calibration equipment, tank prover-master meter or calibration can. For allocation metering
system where a master meter being used, a calibration facility for proving the master meter
shall be made available. Suitable process and electrical equipment and connections shall
be provided for the above purpose.
No bypassing of the metering system is allowed for normal operations after commissioning
and startup. For the purpose of commissioning and start up, should a bypass line is
required, it shall be provided with a blind or a positive shutoff double block and bleed valve
with telltale bleed for verifying shutoff integrity. This valve shall always be sealed.
Other designs can be accepted provided that the Contractor can demonstrate and
document equivalent or better accuracy and integrity of the above mentioned system.
A typical flow scheme is contained in Appendix 1 of this guidelines.

Page 17 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.1 METER RUN DESIGN/PIPE WORK
The meter runs shall be designed in accordance to the ISO 2714, ISO 2715 and API
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards API Chapter 5-Metering and other chapters
as specified in the reference list. Materials selected shall conform to applicable codes,
pressures and temperature ratings, process conditions, corrosion resistance, ingress
protection and electrical safety classification.
Each parallel meter run shall be provided with an inlet, outlet, stream control and prover
inlet valves, thermal relieve valve, flowmeter with required upstream and downstream
straight length or flow straightening vane as required and a strainer with differential
pressure indicator and draining facility. The strainer shall be able to handle the highest flow
capacities of the meter with a minimum pressure drop. Temperature transmitter and
thermowell, pressure transmitter and pressure gauge shall also be provided. The number of
parallel meter runs shall be such that the metering system shall be capable of measuring all
flow rates from the minimum to maximum of the metering system throughput with one meter
run on standby and the remaining meters still operating within their working range. For
allocation metering system that is less critical, standby meter run may not be required.
A full bore through conduit or ball valve should be fitted upstream of each meterrun.
Full bore, double block and bleed valves configuration should be fitted at the following
places :-
Meter run outlets to prover inlet header
Meter run outlets to outlet header
Prover outlet to outlet header
These valves shall be instrumented for cavity pressure relief and shutoff integrity
verification. Drain connections from double block and bleed valves configuration shall have
an isolation valve and pressure gauge , for verification of tight shut-off. For metering
systemat offshore installation, suitable arrangement for the valves to meet the safety
standard is to be followed. Flow control valves shall preferably be located at the following
points:-

Page 18 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

on each meter run outlet between the tee and the outlet double block and bleed valve.
on the prover outlet between the 4-way diverter valve and the outlet double block and bleed valve.
The valves shall be capable of stable control over at least the normal linear range of the
meter. Valve and actuator sizing calculations shall be required as part of the documentation.
Thermal relief valves shall be provided for all sections of pipework capable of isolation and
possible over-pressure. All connections shall be self-draining.
The total pressure drop of each meter run at the maximum linear operating conditions shall
be provided.
1.0.1.1 Flowmeter type
1.0.1.1.1 Turbine Meters
The turbine meters shall be equipped with two pick-up coils each of
which shall be fitted with a preamplifier and is independent of each
other.
The linearity of each meter shall be within +/- O.25% of the average
meter factor over the specified "Normal operating flow range" and
for the full range of viscosities specified, i.e. the complete family of
calibration curves for all viscosities within the specified "Normal
operating flow range", shall lie within the envelope of +/- 0.25% of
the average between the highest and lowest meter factor at the
specified viscosity.
The vendor shall provide, in his proposal, typical meter test reports
for the type and size of meter offered over the specified viscosity
range.

Page 19 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.1.1.2 Positive Displacement Meters
The positive displacement (PD) meters is to be used when the
turbine meters could not meeting the conditions of the medium
such as high viscosity for it to operate.
Double casing type of PD meter should be used for high pressure
application to minimise the effect of pressure in volume of the
measuring chamber of the meter. The required repeatability and
linearity for the meter is similar to that of a turbine meter.
The proving requirement for the PD meter is also similar to that of
the turbine meter. The pulse generator selected must be capable to
provide sufficient pulses required i.e 10,000 pulses (unaltered) for a
single trip when proving using conventional pipe prover
1.0.1.2 Prover Design
A permanent meter proving facility shall be provided and be designed as per ISO
7278 and Chapter 4 of API Manual. Meter proving facility can be using any of the
following methods.
1.0.1.2.1 Conventional Pipe Provers
The Conventional Pipe Prover shall preferably be of the bi-
directional type with quick opening closure for sphere removal,
sized and manufactured in accordance with ISO 7278-2,
Chapter 4.2 - Conventional Pipe Prover of the API Manual of
Petroleum Measurement Standards and the following criteria :-
1. Number of meter pulses generated over calibrated volume to be not less than 10,000 pulses
(unaltered) per trip i.e. 20,000 pulses (unaltered) total round trip volume.
2. Resolution of detector/displacer system shall be compatible with requirement (1).

Page 20 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

3. Displacer velocity not exceed 3 m/s.
4. Length between detector switches to be at least 20,000 times detector repeatability.
5. Prover connection shall be downstream of the meters.
The prover shall be designed such that the repeatability during
calibration of the volumes , where five calibration trials are
performed and be within +/-0.01% of the average volume.
Connections shall be provided on the prover loop to facilitate
recalibration with a portable master pipe prover-master meter or
tank prover-master meter. Drain at the lowest point and vent at the
highest point shall also be provided. The prover system should also
equipped with the temperature and pressure measuring element.
Other considerations for the design including of the followings:-
1. Detector switches
The pipe prover shall have two detector switches at each end of the prover with preferable four
independent calibrated prover volume. The prover volumes from the cross sectionally installed detector
switches shall be very similar and these. calibrated volumes are to independent of each other where at
any one time if the switch fails, it does not invalidate the other prover volume.
The detector should be designed such that the contacting head of the detector protrudes far enough
into the prover pipe to ensure switching takes place at all flow rates during calibration and normal
operation. Detectors and switches should be weatherproofed against corrosive marine environment and
suitable for the electrical safety classification of the installation.

Page 21 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

2. Prover Internal and Coating
Internal diameter of the prover loop shall have the same diameter throughout and there shall be no
tappings or drain points between the calibrated volume of the prover. In the case of mechanical switches,
each sphere detector shall have a dedicated micro-switch. The actuation of each detector unit shall be set
during manufacture so that should it be necessary to replace a detector unit during service, there will be a
minimal change in prover calibrated volume.
The internal coating of the pipe prover shall provide a continuous level, durable and smooth surface
for the application. The vendor shall provide full details of the coating, surface preparation, method of
surface preparation, method of application, maximum allowable fluid temperature and method of
repair. Porosity and explosive decompression of the lining shall also be avoided.
3. Four-way Diverter Valve
The four way diverter valve shall be motorised and provided with a local and remote actuation
together with a manual override handwheel. If remote status of valve is required , limit switches shall be
provided. Necessary instrumentation to detect leakage on the valve is also to be equipped. The 4-way
flow diverter valve in the bi-directional prover shall be fully seated and sealed before the displacer meets
the first detector.
4. Freedom From Shock
When the prover is operating at its maximum design flowrate the displacer shall come to rest safely
at the end of its travel without shock.
5. Guide Bars/Tees
Careful consideration shall be given to the design of guide bars or tees to avoid damage to
displacers.

Page 22 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.1.2.2 Small Volume Provers
Small volume provers are those that have a volume between
detectors that does not permit a minimum accumulation of 10,000
direct (unaltered) pulses from the meter. Small volume provers
require meter pulse discrimination by pulse interpolation or another
technique to increase the resolution.
Small volume provers shall be designed and manufactured in
accordance with the standards as specified in section 7 and also
with the following criteria:
Small Volume Prover inlet connection should preferably be downstream of the operation meters.
Connections shall be provided at the small volume prover system to facilitate re-calibration by
Water Draw Method at site.
Piston seal leakage check kit shell be delivered together with the small volume prover.
Water Draw Assembly or Test Measures should be delivered together with the small volume
prover.
Vertically installed.
Test Measures for the calibration of the small volume provers shall
comply with the requirements given in the API Manual of Petroleum
Measurement Standards Chapter 4 - Proving Systems, Section 7 -
Field Standards Test Measures and shall be supplied by the vendor,
certified with certificate issued. Prior calibration of small volume
provers using the Test Measures at site, the Test Measures shall be
first calibrated and certified by SIRIM.

Page 23 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

The following elements shall forms parts of the small volume prover
as a minimum:
1. A precision cylinder.
2. A displacer piston, spheroid, or other fluid separation device.
3. A means of positioning and launching the displacer upstream of the calibrated section.
4. A displacer detector(s)
5. A valve arrangement that allows fluid flow while the displacer is travelling from one position to the
opposite position.
6. Pressure measurement and indication devices.
7. Temperature measurement and indication devices.
8. Instrumentation with timers, counters, and pulse interpolation capability
During proving of Turbine and Positive Displacement meters, the
displacer velocity shall not exceed 1.5 m/s. The internal diameter of
the prover flow tube shall have the same diameter throughout the
flow tube. The calibrated or swept volume of the prover, located
between the displacer-position sensors shall be free from any
tappings, vent or drain points.
The small volume prover should be installed downstream of meters.
The small volume prover shall allow the displaces to come to rest
safety without shock at the end of its travel when operating at its
maximum design flow rate. There shall no sign of cavitation in the
small volume prover, the valves or any other apparatus within the
specific temperatures and pressure ranges when operating at its
design maximum flow rate.

Page 24 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

The internal coating of the small volume prover shall have uniform
bore, durable and smooth long lasting surface. .
Block valve shall be installed to isolate the small volume prover from
line pressure during maintenance, removal of displacer,
replacement of seals, cleaning etc.
Drain at lowest point and vent at highest point shall be provided.
Pressure relief valves and leak detection facilities shall be installed
with discharge piping to control thermal expansion of the liquid in the
small volume prover while it is being isolated from the main stream.
1.0.1.2.3 Master-Meter Provers
A Master-meter is an indirect prover that uses the concept of transfer
proving. A flow meter with exceptional linearity and repeatability is
selected to serve as a master meter (Intermediate Standard) for the
proving of another meter or prover operating in the field. A
comparison of the two outputs is the basis of the master-meter
proving method.
Master-meter proving, of which satisfactory results can be achieved,
is used in situations in which proving by direct method cannot be
accomplished because of logistic reasons, such as unavailability of
provers. However, the Master-meter method introduces uncertainties
between the meter being proved and the prover that is used to
calibrate the master meter. Master Meter Provers shall be used on a
less critical metering system.
The master meter should be placed downstream of the meter to be
proved and shall be connected in series and close enough to
minimise corrections for volume during proving. All fluid diverting
valves between the meters shall provide a positive seals.

Page 25 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

The master- meter provers, shall be manufactured in accordance
with the API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter
4 - Proving Systems, Section 5 - Master-Meter Provers
If the master meter is in portable service, it should be protected
against damage during transportation, installation and handling.
1.0.2 INSTRUMENT REQUIREMENT
1.0.2.1 Field Instrumentation
1.0.2.1.1 Location of Sensors
Temperature and pressure shall be measured in each meter runs
and at the inlet and the outlet of the pipe prover.
1.0.2.1.2 Installation of Instruments
A thermowell shall be installed adjacent to every electronic
temperature sensor or group of sensors for calibration. It shall be
possible to connect test instruments in parallel with all pressure
sensors in the metering system. Temperature, pressure and density,
where specified, measuring points shall be representative of
conditions at the meter and situated as follows:-
a) In volumetric measurement systems: as close to the meter as possible without infringing the
requirements of the API Measurement manual or other standards as specified in this guideline.
b) In mass measurement systems: as close to the densitometers as possible, which should also be
located as near the meter as possible, without infringing the API Measurement Manuals or other
standard as specified in this guideline.

Page 26 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.2.1.3 Instrument Loops
The instrument loops shall be kept separate from other types of
instrumentation and power supply cabling in the area of use. Cables
and junction boxes shall not be shared with instrument loops that
are not part of the metering system.
Cables and other part of the instrument loops shall be designed
and installed so that they will not be affected by electromagnetic
fields.
1.0.2.1.4 Transmission of Pulse Signal
Pulse signal transmission and treatment from the turbine meter shall
be designed in accordance with guidelines in IP252 or ISO 6551.
A pulse comparator shall be installed which signals an alarm when a
pre-set number of error pulses occurs on either of the transmission
lines in accordance with the above code. The pre-set level should
be adjustable, and when an alarm occurs it should be recorded on a
non-resettable comparator register. Where the pulse error alarm is
determined by an error rate, the error threshold shall be less than 1
count in 100,000.
Pulse discrepancies that occur during the low flow rates
experienced during meter starting and stopping should be inhibited.
The pulse transmission to the prover counter should be from one or
both of the secured lines to the pulse comparator, and precautions
should be taken to avoid any signal interference in the spur from the
comparator line.
Internationally accepted pulse interpolation methods for the pulse
signals from the turbine meters may be used if it can be proved that
the accuracy of the metering system satisfies the requirement in this
article and satisfactory documentation of the reliability for the
interpolation is produced.

Page 27 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.2.1.5 Conversion of Signals from Analog to Digital Form
The A/D conversion shall not contribute systematic errors to the
measurements. Total inaccuracy in the analog to digital conversion,
including resolution, drift, linearity, repeatability and other random
errors shall be less than +/- 0.025% of full scale.
Where a single A/D conversion is used, back-up converter is
required.
1.0.2.1.6 Temperature Measurement
The temperature measuring element shall be a platinum resistance
element or temperature transmitter in accordance with guideline in
IEC 751 "Tolerance class A" or equivalent. The accuracy for the
complete circuit shall be better than +/-0.3
o
C.
1.0.2.1.7 Pressure Measurement
The accuracy for the complete pressure loop shall be better than +/-
0.25% of span.
1.0.2.1.8 Density Measurement
The density measurement where specified, shall be designed in
accordance with IP Petroleum Measurement Manual Part VII Section
2 or API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 9.

Page 28 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

For mass measurement, two density transducer should be installed.
The installation shall be such that the liquid passing in through the
density meter is representative of the line density and no gas can be
trapped in the density meter that could cause the error on the
density reading. If the two density transducers are installed at the
inlet or outlet of the metering system, necessary correction to meter
conditions shallbe carried out. The built -in temperature sensor in the
densitometer shall only be used for indication purpose.
The accuracy for the complete loop shall be better than +/- 0.5
kg/m
3
.
1.0.2.2 Control Room Instrumentation
1.0.2.2.1 Environmental
Instruments which are sensitive to temperature or other
environmental factors shall be installed where these factors can be
controlled.
1.0.3 COMPUTER BASED MONITORING AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS
REQUIREMENTS
1.0.3.1 General
Metering and meter proving shall be managed by a computer system. Manual
proving shall also be incorporated as a backup. This system shall be installed in
the CCR, LCR or local equipment room. Normally, separate computers should
be dedicated to each of the metering runs, to the station and to prover control.
However, the functionality of the prover and station computers may be combined
into one or more computers if it can be demonstrated that the required reliability,
availability and redundancy standards will be met. However, such arrangement
have to be agreed by PETRONAS.

Page 29 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

The computer system is to be designed as follows:-
1. The computer part in the metering system shall have no functions other than those
involved in the metering. The metering system shall be designed in such a way that the maximum liquid
flow will be measured .
2. The computer part shall have the capability of displaying continuously the number of
pulses received from the meter during proving.
3. The system should include at least two independent registers for storing accumulated
fiscal quantities for each meter run and the station total. It shall not be possible to delete or change these
registers by operator encroachment or power failure.
4. The computer shall also be designed to ensure that amounts generated during
validation/calibration are registered separately from the measured amount.
5. Manually entered parameter shall be diplayed without rounding off or truncation of digits.
The display on the computer shall have sufficient resolution to enable the verification for the calculation
accuracy as in section 3.4.3 be carried out.
6. Computer system shall be designed such that the transfer of data to DCS system is
permissible and all interfacing requirement such as the handshaking and necessary software is provided.
7. The computer part shall have automatic watchover for differences between readings of
measured values, for parallel meter runs.
8. For continuous monitoring of measurement data the computer shall, for each meterrun,
automatically log and store for at least one month the following data: At intervals of 1 hour cumulative
quantities, meter factor and average values of pressure, temperature and density. At intervals of 24 hours:
cumulative quantities. This information shall be accessible on printout in a clearly set out format using
standard computer printer and paper. Access to the logs shall not be possible without the use of key
operated switch.

Page 30 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.3.2 Data Security
The data transmission of the computer shall be designed inaccordance with
Level A of the IP Standard 252/76, Part XIII Section 1.
The computer shall have a self-diagnostic capability. It shall monitor that the
program loops are executed at the correct intervals by means of a watchdog
function.
The parts of the memory that contain permanent data shall have a periodical
check sum control.
The algorithms and the fixed parameters important for accurate computation of
fiscal quantities shall be stored in non-alterable memory.
Security system shall be provided for manual entering of data. The computer
system shall be designed and features provided for sealing.
Program version number shall be assigned to identify the current program used
and this can be determined directly from Visual Display Unit (VDU) or print out.
The version number can be updated every time permanent program is altered.
1.0.3.3 Calculation
The computer routines for fiscal measurement calculation shall satisfy API
MPMS Chapter 12- Calculation of Petroleum Quantities and IP 201 Petroleum
Measurement Manual Part 1- Calculation of Oil Quantities.
1. Update time to changes of input signals shall not be more than 2 seconds and
parameters having response time such as density and temperature shall not exceed 5 seconds.
2. The interval between each cycle for computation of instantaneous flowrate and
accumulated flow shall be less than 10 seconds.
3. The algorithms for calculation of meter factor at reference condition shall contain all
correction factors given in API 2534 1st edition 1970.

Page 31 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

4. Algorithm and rounding off error for computation of fiscal quantities in the flow computer
shall be within +/-0.001 % of the computed value. Rounding or truncation shall only be carried out at the
end of final computation.
1.0.3.4 Printouts and Hardcopies
The computer system shall have dedicated printers for alarms and reports.
Common printer can be used if an acceptable priority routine is
established.Automatic logging on the following information is to be provided.
a) Alarms for faults detected by the computer (date time).
b) Inserted parameters/constant, both fixed and changeable.
c) Quantity report.
d) Instantaneous values of rate and measured input parameters. Fixed values which are
used instead of live signals shall be identified.
e) Meter proving report. All data required for manual checks of calculated correction factors
and meter factor shall also be included.
1.0.3.5 Meter Proving Algorithm Routine
During designing the computer routine for meter proving operations, the
followings shall be followed:-
1. All meter runs outlet and prover inlet valves and status check for meter proving
sequencing shall be automatic.
2. All proving calculations shall be carried out by the computer system and printed
automatically. Sufficient data shall be available on the printout such that meter proving calculations can be
verified externally.Repeatability limits and the required number of consecuitive runs for repeatability
acceptance shall only be changeable with highest security level. (Meters repeatability shall be such that
they can be calibrated against a permanent meter prover with a sequence of 5 consecutive runs, where
the difference between the highest and lowest meter factor does not exceed 0.05% of the average meter
factor).

Page 32 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

3. Maximum trial runs before the computer aborts the proving operation shall also be made
changeable with highest security level. (Default number of trial runs is 10).
4. Prover stabilisation period for process conditions i.e. temperature, flowrate, pressure
parameters of the stability limit shall be user changeable with highest security level.
5. Automatic loading of meter factor to flow computer upon confirmation from operator.
Acceptable meter factor shall be within the meter factor high and low limit of the respective meter.
The Contractor, after consultation with PETRONAS, shall establish a system for
reporting of agreed data.
1.0.3.6 Power Supply
The computer shall be equipped with an uninterruptable power supply (UPS)
system for back up purposes. Normal operation of the metering system shall not
be affected if there is any change from one power source to another.
1.0.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS REQUIREMENT
The metering system shall be provided with automatic flow proportional sampling system to
collect representative sample for the determination of BS&W, average density and for other
analysis purposes. Manual spot sampling for back-up purposes should also be made
available. The sampling system shall be designed in accordance with guidelines in IP
Petroleum Measurement Manual Part VI Sampling Section 2, ISO 3171 and API MPMS
Chapter 8 of latest edition.
For Custody Transfer System, sampler controller and sample monitoring unit should be
installed.
Selection of sampling point shall be such that the pipeline condition at the selected point is
homogeneous. Contractor need to demonstrate by calculation whether additional mixing
requirement such as static or jet mixer is required to ensure homogeneity of the liquid prior
sampling. .

Page 33 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

Where slugs of water may be experienced, inline water detection probe shall be fitted to
detect abnormal levels of water content.
For sampling of pressurised liquids, the following should be observed.
a) Pressurised cylinders should be of a lighter type.
b) Prior extracting of the liquid either for further transportation or analysis, the samples shall be
representative and can be achieved through internal mixing in the cylinder. Integrity of the samples are to
be maintained throughout the exercise.

Page 34 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

2.0 TESTING, CALIBRATION AND COMMISSIONING
Prior to site installation, a Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) shall be conducted to check the
integrity of both the computer software and the mechanical/skid instrumentation. FAT
procedures shall be agreed between Contractor and the Vendor prior to the test.
During FAT, the electronic and the mechanical instrumentation shall be tested together.
Prover system need to be first calibrated and witness by a third party before flow integration
test be carried out. It is essential that the vendor shall demonstrate that the equipment
was internally tested and in good working order before the Contractor and PETRONAS
representatives are invited for the FAT.
All FAT results are to be fully documented. Only after successful completion of the FAT can
the metering system be accepted and shipped out to the site. On site, further testing shall
be carried out prior to the commissioning of the system. Calibration of all
instrumentations using SIRIM Berhads traceable test equipment shall be carried out. It is
the responsibility of the Contractor to ensure that the FAT and Site Acceptance Test
(SAT) procedures be made available prior to the tests. PETRONAS may request these
procedures to be submitted for review. PETRONAS shall be notified at least three weeks
prior to both tests.
2.0.2 CALIBRATION
2.0.2.1 General
Custody Transfer and Allocation Metering Systems shall be calibrated with test
equipment having certified traceability to international or national standards.
Secondary standards or instruments used for calibration of all relevant parts of
the metering system shall be calibrated and certified by SIRIM Berhad or any
other independent laboratory which can prove such traceability.

Page 35 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.1.1 Instrument Calibration
All relevant instruments used in the metering system shall be calibrated and
certified by the manufacturer which can prove such traceability.
1.0.1.2 Prover Calibration
The proving system shall be calibrated at the vendor's works as part of their
system checks and after installation on site, immediately prior to start up. The
detail calibration method used will depend on the type of meter proving system.
1.0.1.2.1 Conventional Pipe Prover Calibration
The pipe prover shall be calibrated using waterdraw or master-
meter method at vendor's work place as part of their system checks.
The pipe prover shall also be calibrated by using waterdraw or
master-meter method upon installation on-site for Site Acceptance
Test before it is put into service. If master meter method is used, the
meter shall be calibrated at site using waterdraw. Similar method of
calibration should be done both at the vendors factory and at site.
Both calibrations shall be in accordance with the standards as
specified in section 7. All pipe prover calibrations shall be witnessed
by an independent certification authority and attested to in writing.
Test Measures used for the pipe prover volume calibration shall be
certified traceable to international or national standards.
The pipe prover shall be calibrated with at least two separate
volumes. Four volumes is preferred. The pipe prover shall be
capable of producing corrected volumes for five consecutive runs in
any given direction within 0.01 percent of the average. The
average of the five (5) consecutive round trips volumes shall be used
as the base volume of the pipe prover.

Page 36 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

Pipe prover volume calibration process shall be repeated at a flow
rate change of at least 25 percent to verify the possible leak during
the base volume calibration. The corrected volumes for 3
consecutive runs at any given direction shall repeat within 0.01
percent of the average. The average volume of these three (3) round
trips volumes shall not deviate from newly established prover base
volume by less than 0.02%..
Copies of the calibration certificates for each of these and all
subsequent calibrations shall be documented in the validation report
and shall be made available to PETRONAS upon request. These
certificates shall show the reference numbers of the sphere
detectors.The calibrated volume shall be in SI Units at Standard
Reference Conditions.
1.0.1.2.2 Small Volume Prover Calibration
The small volume prover shall be calibrated physically using
waterdraw method at vendor's work place as part of their system
checks for both the upstream and downstream volumes. The small
volume prover shall also be calibrated by using the same method i.e.
waterdraw method upon installation on-site before it is put into
service.
Both calibrations shall be in accordance with the standards as
specified in section 7.
All small volume prover calibrations shall be witnessed by an
independent certification authority and attested to in writing.
Test Measures used for the small volume prover calibration shall be
certified traceabe to international or national standards.

Page 37 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

The small volume prover shall be calibrated physically for both the
upstream and downstream volume if these volumes are used for
meter proving. The small volume prover shall be capable of
producing corrected volumes for five (5) consecutive runs in any
given direction repeatable within 0.01% of the average.
The average of the five (5) consecutive volumes shall be used as the
base volume of the small volume prover. Small volume prover
calibration process shall be repeated at a flow rate change of at least
25 percent or greater to verify the possible leak during the base
volume calibration. The corrected volumes for 3 consecutive runs in
any given direction shall repeat within 0.01 percent of the average.
The average volume of these three (3) round trips volumes shall be
within 0.02 percent with the newly established base volume.
Copies of the calibration certificates for each of these and all
subsequent calibrations shall be sent to PETRONAS upon request.
These certificates shall show the reference numbers of the optical
detectors used in the calibration.
The calibrated volume shall be in SI Units at Standard Reference
Conditions.
1.0.1.2.3 Master-Meter Prover
The master meter prover shall be calibrated on the same liquid or
other liquid as appropriate that will be used during operation of the
meter. A linearity curve of the master meter prover should be
developed at 10 points over the range of the meter to operate. The
meter factor that is applied to the master meter should be the
average value of five (5) consecutive runs repeating within 0.01%
of the average.

Page 38 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.1.1 Meter Calibration
Performance tests on each meter shall be performed at vendor's premises using
water or hydrocarbons and calibration certificates shall be issued. For each type
of meter used, the performance of the meter shall, prior to factory acceptance
test, be demonstrated by the vendor by calibration initially on hydrocarbons at 10
points and calibration certificates shall be issued. 6 of these points shall span
the "Normal operating range" and 4 points shall span low flow down to "Design
Minimum". The vendor or Contractor shall perform final test and calibration
during site testing with hydrocarbon against meter prover.
1.0.2 TESTING
1.0.2.1 General Testing
General Testing shall include checking against drawings, flushing, cleaning,
hydrostatic pressure testing, electrical earthing and be done on an individual item
basis. Vendor shall perform its own test prior to FAT and provide the necessary
evidence if required via filled test sheets.
1.0.2.2 Factory Acceptance Test
1.0.2.2.1 General Check
Prior to further test in the factory, a general check on the system is
to be carried out. This includes checking of the following items.
1. Dimension check as per approved drawings and standards.
2. Instrument installation and quantity check as per approved drawings and bill of quantity
respectively.
3. Availability of all documentations.

Page 39 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

Page 40 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.2.2.2 Metering Panel and Instrumentation
Equipment Tests
1. All panel and field mounted instrumentation, cabling and the connectors shall be visually
inspected for compliance with specifications with regard to segregation of cables, satisfactory access,
vents, drains and general good quality of installation work.
2. Calibration checks using precision test equipment shall be performed on all transducers,
transmitters, converters, indicators, recorders, gauges and switches, etc. supplied for use with the system.
3. All safety and relief valves shall be tested, set and tagged with the set pressure.
4. An insulation test shall be made on all power supply and instrument cables, and panel wiring
using voltage tester. Instruments shall be disconnected during this test which may cause internal
damage. All resistance thermometer elements shall be tested for insulation resistance to BS -1904.
5. A sample of the power circuit breakers shall be tested by simulating a short circuit failure.
6. The control panel shall be fully functionally tested before connection to the skid using appropriate
simulators and other test equipment.
These tests shall include:
a) Panel mounted receiving indicators etc.
b) Outputs from panel mounted controls.
c) Meter run and prover instruments.
d) Computer functional test.
e) Verification of computer calculation and integration accuracy as specified in Section 3.4.

Page 41 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

f) Interlocks and alarms.
g) Checking of power distribution circuits and breakers for correct wiring.
Analogue functions shall be calibrated at a minimum of five points in the range (O%, 25%, 50%,
75%, 100%).
7. All remotely operated valves shall be checked after installation on the metering skid by :-
a) Manual stroking of the valves to check limit switch actuation and to ensure full operating.
b) Local operation to verify phase of electrically operated actuators rotation and functioning of local
controls.
c) Remote operation and checking of remote position indication and interlocks.
d) Noting the time for each valve to fully stroke in each direction.
8. After connection between the panel and skid, loop checks shall be made on all circuits to check
correct wiring and calibration of the system. This shall include checks if all alarms, interlocks, digital and
analogue inputs and outputs.
9. A check shall be made on effects of power supply variation by setting all instruments in a
normal operating mode and varying the output voltage to upper and lower limits and noting the effect by
repeating functional checks.
10. The panel should be heat soaked for a minimum of 100 hours. Records shall be made
of temperature at selected points on the panel. Following completion of the heat soak, the loop checks as
in item 8. shall be repeated at ambient temperature to ensure that none of the equipment has suffered any
HI effects. A check of microprocessor functional performance shall be made during the soak test (after
internal panel temperatures have stabilised).

Page 42 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

11. Measurement and records shall also be made on panel maximum power
consumption (AC & DC).
12. Data transfer to another system shall be checked for data accuracy, data correctness and
redundant switching of communication channel.
13. Spares, if possible should be tested.
14. The simulation test among other thing shall include simulating with at least five different
values which cover the minimum and maximum level in the working range of the skid instrument and the
computers using test simulators.
The simulators shall simulate signals connected to the computers input or in any other way to
secure a controlled, constant input to the computers.
Testing or simulating the different functions of the computers shall include but not be limited to
manually input data, printouts, alarms and data transmission between the computers.
All calculations by the computers shall be verified by injecting known values to the computers and to
compare the result using manual calculatlions.
1.0.2.2.3 Flow Testing Calibration
1. Prior to flow test at the vendor's location, all the individual equipment inclusive of mechanical,
instrument and computing system has first to be tested. The system shall be connected to suitable pump
and test equipment where the following tests be carried out using water or other suitable test medium.

Page 43 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

a) All meters shall be individually flow tested and proved against the prover at their rated maximum
and minimum flows on five points at specified intervals between maximum and minimum. Each test shall
consist of five consecutive runs, the results of which the difference between the highest and lowest
meter factor does not exceed 0.05% of the average meter factor.
The linearity must be within +/-0.25% over the specified "Normal operating flow range".
b) Observations shall also be made and recorded of: 1. Pressure drop across strainer
2. Pressure drop across meter run
3. Pressure drop across prover
4. Density measurement, if applicable.

Checks shall be made during testing for tightness of shut-off on high integrity and the four-way diverter
valves.
c) All the meter runs shall preferably be flow tested simultaneously (i.e. one metering and one
proving) and preferably up to the normal maximum linear capacity of each meter.
d) Checks shall be made on the functioning of the flow control valves.
e) Checks shall be made on the correctness of the meter proving algorithms.
f) Checks shall be made to ensure correct reports such as meter proving report and metering report
(hourly or batch report) generated by the computing system.
g) Checks on the correct functionality of the sampling system to ensure volume collected and
accuracy as per number of grabs, accuracy of sampling system, alarms and switching of sampling
cyclinders.

Page 44 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

2. Following completion of the flow testing, the liquid test medium shall be drained and a thorough
inspection be carried out on the condition of prover lining and other equipment where possible.
3. Computer simulations shall be carried out whereby all calculations by the computing system shall be
verified.
1.0.2.3 Site Acceptance Test
The Contractor shall provide test procedures for punch list items arriving on site.
Other items to be provided shall include but not limited to the following :-
1. Loop diagram and loop checkout sheets.
2. Full print data base checking.
3. System functional test procedure and schedule.
The onsite acceptance test shall be considered as an extension of the FAT. Prior
to SAT, all wiring termination to be checked and powering of the panel should be
carried out by the vendor or authorised vendors representative. Some tests
carried out during FAT shall also be repeated during SAT. SAT on Custody
Transfer Metering System that involved export tax computation should be
witnessed by SIRIM. The SAT shall concentrate more specifically on the
following :-
a) Inspection of material and equipment on arrival at site including spares and
documentation. If damage occurred during transport, it is important to establish without delay, the extent
of the damages and whether it is repairable onsite or necessary to order new materials.
Suitable storage of material and equipment should be provided.
b) Field calibration of the pipe prover shall be in accordance with API Manual of Petroleum
Measurement Standard Chapter 4 - Meter Proving and in according with the requirements in these
guidelines. All calibration equipment used for prover and other metering equipment shall be traceable to
National Standard.

Page 45 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

All prover calibration on Custody Transfer Metering System that involved export tax computation,
shall be witnessed by Contractor and SIRIM. PETRONAS at any time may also witness the calibration
exercise. The results shall be certified by SIRIM.
c) The metering panel and instrumentation equipment test shall also be repeated which also
includes the computations check carried out by the computer system. The calibration exercise carried out
on the instrument in this exercise is considered as Validation No 1.
d) The completed meter skid and panel shall be subjected to operational functional test
during actual flow condition to demonstrate satisfactory performance at the design flowrates.
e) Contractor shall submit project completion report which should include the first official
validation report to PETRONAS within 30 days after system has been commissioned. Before the
system is put in operation for official use, approval from PETRONAS shall be obtained.
1.0.3 COMMISSIONING
1.0.3.1 General
The installation, commissioning and start-up of the metering system shall be
carried out in accordance with the requirements in this section.
1.0.3.2 Installation Quality Assurance
The Contractor shall set up an installation and commissioning plan of a system of
activities, the purpose of which is to provide assurance and show evidence
that the overall quality control shall be effectively maintained.
The plan shall be applied systematically to all metering systems, and
deviations will not be tolerated.

Page 46 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.3.3 Commissioning
Commissioning shall include running-in of all rotating equipment, checking
alignment, testing control loops, stroking valves, flushing, hydrotesting, final
testing of electrical instrumentation systems, purging, drying, inerting etc. usually
carried out sequentially on a system basis. Commissioning is completed when
the metering system is ready for start-up.
1.0.3.4 Start-up
This begins with the introduction of process hydrocarbons not counting
where these may have been used previously for pressure testing/purging.

Page 47 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

2.0 OPERATION, VALIDATION AND ACCOUNTING
Contractor shall operate and maintain the metering system to the highest degree of
engineering standard in order to maintain its accuracy and integrity. As such, operating,
validation and accounting procedures/manuals shall be prepared by the Contractor and
approved (validation and accounting procedures) by PETRONAS where necessary before
start-up These procedures shall document all activities which influence the measurement
system.
2.0.2 SYSTEM OPERATION
The Contractor is required to carry out the following essential activities:-
1. Metering stations shall be operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturers
recommendations and approved operation, validation and hydrocarbon accounting procedures. Particular
attention shall be given to flow stabilisation prior to meter proving, checking of block and bleed valves
for leaks.
a) Meter Proving Operations

For a newly commissioned metering station with a dedicated meter proving facility in a continuous
production system (as distinct from tanker loading), meters shall be proved twice a week at
approximately equal intervals between proving. Provided the meter factor scatter is acceptable to
PETRONAS and until a meter factor control chart is established, the frequency may be reduced to once a
week or monthly basis.

The frequency for proving may be further reduced upon agreement between PETRONAS and Contractor.

Page 48 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

b) For tanker loading systems, any meter onstream shall be proved at least once regardless of
the duration of loading. Additional proving is required on stream(s) where conditions have changed and
a 'prove required' alarm is triggered.
2. Where meter types other than mentioned in this guideline, the type and frequency of meter
proving by the Contractor shall be determined on an individual basis by PETRONAS after consultation
with the Contractor. Account shall be taken on the meter type, process fluid and operational load cycle.
Where meters employing novel technology are to be used, extra evaluation periods and tests will
usually be required before a long term operational schedule can be determined.
3. Meter factors that are acceptable for use shall be based as per requirement in item 4.3.2.3 (1a)
Pipe provers and small volume provers shall be calibrated at least once a year. Where this is not possible
for operational or whatever reasons, longer calibration interval can be considered by PETRONAS.
However, those systems which are affected by taxes calculation requires SIRIM Berhads approval.
Inspection of the sphere, checking of sphere size, concentricity etc. should take place prior to calibration.
After calibration, the sphere detectors and switches shall be sealed.

Any maintenance work on the prover that could affect the swept volume e.g. changes of sphere detectors
and switches, should not be undertaken without prior notice to PETRONAS who will advice if a calibration
is required.
2.0.2.1 Operating Manual
The Operating Manual shall be prepared for the purpose of providing operational
guideline for the operators in performing metering activities. It shall then
describe the operation of the system which includes the computers, the skid
instrumentation, sampling activities and other operation of the metering system.
The manual among other things shall also include what actions to be taken in
case of malfunction or alarm on the metering system.

Page 49 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

The minimum content of the manual shall consist of the following:-
1. Overall process description.
2. Metering system description.
3. Metering instrument specification.
4. Computer system operation (including the computer read codes) and actions taken on
alarms.
5. Metering system operation.
6. Metering sealing procedure.
7. Sampling procedure.
2.0.3 SYSTEM VALIDATION
In order to maintain the reliability and accuracy of the metering system, Contractor shall
conduct a periodic calibration and validation of the metering system at a frequency agreed
by PETRONAS. The calibration/validation shall be performed in accordance with the system
Validation Manual prepared by the Contractor and approved by PETRONAS.
All validation result shall be recorded on the format agreed in the Validation report. The
report shall include but not limited to the following:-
1. As found and as left result of the calibration exercise.
2. System error preferably in accordance with ISO 5168 latest revision.
3. Findings and recommendations.
4. Metering irregularities occurred since then and between the last validations.
Calibration/Validation reports shall then be prepared within 2 weeks after each validation
and summary of the result shall be submitted to PETRONAS after each validation. Any
irregularity on the figures generated, resulting from the validation shall be endorsed by
PETRONAS. PETRONAS may request on the need basis the copy of the validation report.

Page 50 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

2.0.3.1 Validation Manual
The content of the validation manual shall consist of, but not limited to the
following:
1. Brief description of the metering system
This shall include a concise description of the design concept of the system and its instrumentation
including the computer system. Description as to the function of each individual instrument, its accuracy
and location in the system layout, system capacity, flow operating condition and the schematic drawing of
the system.
Instrument description shall include manufacturer's name and model number, range, accuracy,
input/output signal and tag number.
2. Calibration Procedures
The step by step calibration procedures for the instruments shall be detailed out for each individual
instrument in the system. A set of validation check sheets shall also be included and all readings obtained
during each calibration shall be recorded on the check sheets. Adjustment shall be made when a reading
is out of tolerance. After any adjustment the complete test shall be repeated.
3. Frequency of Calibration and Inspection
Contractor shall detail out the frequency of validation/calibration of each of the metering
instruments.
4. Flow Calculation
Calculations/formulae used to arrive at the volumetric, mass and heat throughput shall be clearly
laid out. All flow constants that are to be used shall be shown in actual units they are used. Where the
flow constants are fixed, the actual values and their derivations shall be shown.

Page 51 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

5. Metering Irregularity Calculation
All types of irregularities on the metering system and methods for the corrections shall be clearly
stated.
6. Validation Equipment
A list of the calibrating/validation equipment to be used in the validation exercise shall be provided
in the validation manual. All information related to the equipment specification such as its accuracy,
repeatability, serial no., and range shall also be provided.
7. Accuracy and Traceability
The accuracy of the calibration equipment shall be better than the accuracy of the instrument to be
validated. The accuracy and traceability shall be traceable to SIRIM. If SIRIM does not have the capability
to certify or calibrate the equipment, then it shall be traceable to a National Bureau of Standard
acceptable to SIRIM.
2.0.4 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE
The Contractor shall maintain the metering system in order to maintain its accuracy and
integrity.
The Contractor shall notify and seek PETRONAS's approval before any change or
modification is made on the metering system. Drawing(s) and sufficient data shall be
submitted together with the request for approval.
PETRONAS representative(s) shall be invited to witness the maintenance activities on the
system modification. All results pertaining to these activities shall then be properly
documented. The contractor shall also obtain the vendor's recommended comprehensive
spare parts list and priced quotation for parts for commissioning and two years operation.

Page 52 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.1 SECURITY
All software and all flow factors, status and alarm information stored in the system shall be
protected to prevent loss of information by inadvertent operator action or input power failure.
In order to ensure security of data in the computers and other critical instrumentation in the
metering system, sealing procedures shall be adhered to. The procedure shall be
prepared by the Contractor.
Critical instruments such as the computers and critical valves shall be sealed where
practically possible to prevent unauthorized entry or manipulation of the computer system
and opening or closing of critical valves at the metering skid.
The sealing of these identified critical instruments shall be carried out by Contractors
authorised person and be recorded in a dedicated Sealing Log Book. This log book shall be
kept in the metering control room where PETRONAS will review it on the need basis.
1.0.2 ACCOUNTING/ALLOCATION MANUAL
The Accounting/Allocation Manual shall be prepared by Contractor and approved by
PETRONAS. The purpose of this manual is to precisely define the way metered and other
data are to be used for the determination of sales, allocation and production quantities.
The minimum content of this manual shall consist of the following:-
a) Accounting and allocation concepts.
b) Mass, volume and heating value calculations.
c) Methods to account for irregularities in quantity.

Page 53 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

1.0.3 METERING STATION RECORD KEEPING
1.0.3.1 Log Books/Records
a) The Contractor shall maintain a log book for the prover system detailing all
calibrations, sphere detector serial numbers and any maintenance work done on the proving
facilities loop and its associated equipment.
b) A log for the metering system shall be kept preferably for each meter showing details of:
1. Type and identification particulars including location and production measured.
2. Totaliser reading(s) where applicable on commencement of metering.
3. All mechanical or electrical repairs or adjustments made to the meter or its read-out
equipment and other parts of the metering system.
4. Metering errors due to equipment malfunction, incorrect operation, etc. including data,
time and totaliser readings; both at the time or recognition of an error condition and when remedial
action is completed.
5. Alarms, together with reasons and operators response.
6. Any breakdown of meter or withdrawal from normal service, including time and
totaliser readings.
7. Replacement of security seals when broken.

c) The Contractor shall also keep a Meter Proving Record for each meter giving the details
of each proof run such as prove flow rate, pressure, temperature, meter factor etc. This record shall
include a running plot, or similar control chart, so that any undue change or fluctuation in meter factors
may be easily detected (see API Chapter 13).

Page 54 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

d) A manual log or automatic recording should also be kept, at intervals of not more than 1
hour, of the following parameters:
1. All meter totaliser readings;
2. Meter flow rates (also relevant meter factors), pressure and temperature, and (if
measured continuously) density.
One of these sets of readings should be recorded at 2400 hours, or at the agreed time for
taking daily closing figures
Other parameters such as liquid density and percentage BS & W content should be recorded
at agreed intervals.
e) Records of parameters such as meter flow rate, liquid temperature and density shall be
kept for at least 3 months.
f) All above records shall be made available within reasonable time for inspection by PETRONAS.
1.0.4 DIRECT REPORTING
Contractor shall notify PETRONAS regional office prior to any major maintenance, re-
calibration work on the metering and proving systems and also other operational related
activities. PETRONAS shall also be notified, preferably by telephone or fax, when any
abnormal situation or error occurs which could require significant adjustment to the
totalised meter throughputs.
If a meter is required to be removed for maintenance work or replacement, a telex or fax
shall be sent to PETRONAS detailing the serial number of the meter concerned and the
reasons for the action taken.
When correction to meter totalised figures are required due to known metering errors, a
formal report shall be submitted to PETRONAS detailing the times of the occurrence,
totaliser readings, and suspected causes for the errors occurring.

Page 55 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

2.0 FINAL PROVISION
6.1 Final acceptance of the metering system will depend on the successful completion of site
acceptance tests during actual flowing conditions at the field site.
6.2 Contractor shall submit project completion report to PETRONAS at least 30 days after system
has been commissioned for official approval of system usage.
6.3 PETRONAS reserves the right to make more detailed requirements for items mentioned in
these guidelines.
6.4 PETRONAS may in special cases provide exemption from the requirements of these guidelines.

Page 56 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

3.0 REFERENCE
PETRONAS Procedures/Guidelines for Upstream Activities, Production Operations Section 11 - Well
Testing, Production Measurement and Allocation.
SIRIMs Berhad Crirteria Circular - AFLA 1991/01 and 1991/02.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 4 Section 3 - Small Volume Prover.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 4 Section 2 - Conventional Pipe Provers.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 4 Section 5 - Meter Proving.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 4 - Proving Systems, Section 6 - Pulse
Interpolation
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 4 Section 7 - Proving Systems, Field
Standards Test Measure.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 5 Metering.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 9 Density Determination.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 10 Sediment and Water.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 11 - Physical Properties Data.API Manual
of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 12 Calculation of Petroleum Quantities.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard, Chapter 15 Metrication.
API Standard 2534 - Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbon by Turbine Meter Systems.

Page 57 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

BS 5233 : -1975 'Glossary of Terms used in Metrology ', 1st edition 1975.
BS 1904 'Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer elements'.
IEC 751 : 1983 'Industrial platinum resistance thermometer Sensor', 1st edition 1983.
IP Petroleum Measurement Manual, Pan VI Section 2 A Guide To Automatic Sampling of liquid from
pipelines July 1987.
IP 252/76 Petroleum Measurement Manual, Part XIII Section 1 Fidelity and Security of measurement -
Data Transmission for fluid metering system.
IP Petroleum Measurement Manual, Part VII Section 2 Continuous Density Measurement tentative
Sept. 1979.
IP 201/64 Petroleum Measurement Manual, Part 1- Calculation of Oil Quantities.
IP Petroleum Measurement Manual, Part VI1 Section 2- Guide to Automatic Sampling.
ISA Standard S 5,1 1983 'Instrumentation Symbols and Identification' 3rd edition.
ISO 1000 : 1981 'Sl Units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other
units' - 2nd edition 1981.
ISO/TC28/SC2 - 24E July 1972 - Glossary of Measurement Terminology.
ISO 3171: 1975 Petroleum Products - liquid hydrocarbon automatic pipelines sampling. 1st edition.
1975.
ISO 5024: l979 'Standard Reference condition for volume, mass and heat 1st edition 1979.
ISO 6551: 1982 Petroleum liquids and gases - Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement - Cable
transmission of electronic and/or electronics pulsed data. 1st edition 1982.

Page 58 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

ISO 5168: 1978 (E) Measurement of fluid flow - Estimation of uncertainty of a flow-rate
measurement
ISO 7278: Dynamic measurement - Proving systems for volumetric meters. Part 1, 1987
(E) : General Principles Part 2 ,1988 (E): Pipe provers
Part 3, 1986 (E): Pulse interpolation
ISO 2714-1980 (E): Liquid hydrocarbons - Volumetric measurement by displacement meter
systems other than dispensing pump.
ISO 2715-1981 (E): Volumetric measurement by turbine meter systems

Page 59 of 59

ISSUED BY
REVISION 1
AUGUST 2000

4.0 Appendices
1. Liquid Metering System (Custody Transfer) typical schematic diagram.

Dynamic Liquid Hydrocarbon

Transféré par

Informations du document

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Dynamic Liquid Hydrocarbon

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

DYNAMIC LIQUID HYDROCARBON

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi