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PHYSIOLOGICAL APPARATUS

Battery
Source of current
Binding poles (+ and -)
Types of battery
1. dry cell
2. wet cell
Types of current
1. Induced/faradic/pulsating
2. direct/ galvanic/constant






Simple Key
Parts:
Contact metal
- produce make or
break current
Binding posts (+ and -)
Types of Simple key
1. new simple key
- metal and fibre glass
base
2. old simple key
- wood base

Inductorium
Controls/ varies the
intensity and frequency
of stimulus
ex. Amount of current
that flows in the circuit
Types
1. long inductorium
2. short inductorium
Both have 5 binding posts
3 primary and 2
secondary binding posts
Calibration is from 1-10
Maximum flow of
current
3 primary binding posts
2 secondary binding
post
Single shock
binding posts A and B
Tetanizing /multiple
stimuli or shock
binding posts A and C
Calibration is from 1-22
Maximum flow of
current
Single stimulus
- binding posts A and C
Tetanizing/multiple
stimuli/shock
- binding post A and B
Electric Stimulator or Electric
Converter
Alternative source of
current
Current can be adjusted
from 3V-12V
Used in place of
1. Battery
2. Simple key
3. Inductorium
DO NOT LET BOTH ENDS OF
THE CONNECTING WIRE
TOUCH

Signal Magnet
Event marker
Records the time in
seconds and the type of
stimulus
Parts
1. electromagnet
2. writing pen
3. Binding posts
Types
1. New Signal Magnet
2. Old Signal Magnet
Old Signal Magnet
With two
binding posts
New Signal Magnet
Two binding
posts at the tip
of the handle
Muscle Lever
Records contraction of
the muscle
Secondary circuit
Types
1. Old Muscle Lever
2. New Muscle Lever
Old Muscle Lever
Parts
1. after loading screw
- controls the position
and direction of
writing pen
2. writing pen
- made of hard
parchment paper
3. binding post
- located at the side
- Attachment of
connecting wire to form
secondary circuit


New Muscle Lever
With 2 binding posts
With 2 holes
1. before the bp
- attachment of
writing pen holder
2. after the bd
- where a strong
thread or wire is
attached to the
gastrocnemius
muscle

Muscle Clamp
Holds the muscle in
place
Has binding post
Tuning Fork
Records the time
duration of a simple
muscle contraction
Creates 100
vibrations/sec.
Writing pen is attached
to one of the prongs
Pneumograph and Tambour
Records the changes
in size of an object
ex. Rib cage/thoracic
cage
Pneumograph
Parts
1. Rubber Pleated
tube
2. Chain/metal chain
Tambour
Parts
1. Bowl
- shallow depression
2. Rubber sheet
- covers the bowl
- made of latex
3. Tight fitting ring
- secures the rubber
sheet
Rubber Mallet or Reflex Hammer
Check mans reflexes
Stethoscope
Parts
1. earpiece
2. rubber tube connector
3. chest pieces
a. shallow bell
- detect low frequency
sound
b. stiff diaphragm
- detect high frequency
sound
Sphygmomanometer
Measures blood
pressure
Types
1. mercurial
sphygmomanometer
2. aneroid
sphygmomanometer
3. digital
sphygmomanometer
Mercurial Sphygmomanometer
Most reliable
Mercurial
chamber/cylinder
Aspirator
Pressure cuff/rubber
cuff
Aneroid Sphygmomanometer
Very sensitive
Uses dial

Digital Sphygmomanometer
Too expensive
unreliable
Spirometer
Records pulmonary
volume and capacity
Calibration up to 6L
(1000 ml or 0.1L
Recording is in ml.
Drum is placed in
inverted position
Kymograph
Apparatus for recording
A. Physiological function
(muscle contraction)
B. Daily temperature
changes
C. Variation in water level
Types
1. spring driven
2. electrically driven
Parts
1. drum
2. shaft
3. base
Spring Driven Kymograph
Rotation of drum is
controlled by variable
sized fan
Smaller fan = faster
bec. there is lesser air
resistance
Smoked using kerosene or
gum camphor
Properly smoked drum is
evenly and thinly covered
with soot
Fixative use: Shellac
Electrically driven kymograph
Preferred for long
recording
Rotation of drum is
controlled by 5 speed
control gear shift
More desirable bec. It
runs continuously and
does not require
rewinding

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