Modul 10. Connective Words

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Bahasa Inggris IV Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning

Drs. Masari, MM
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

MODUL PERKULIAHAN

Modul Standar untuk
digunakan dalam Perkuliahan
di Universitas Mercu Buana

Fakultas Program Studi Tatap Muka Kode MK Disusun Oleh
Ilmu Komunikasi Hubungan
Masyarakat
11
A51121EL
(E-310)
Drs. Masari, MM

Abstract Kompetensi

Modul bahasa Inggris ini berisi
Connective words sesuai dengan
fungsinya secara benar dan praktis

Mahaisiswa diharapkan memahami dan
mampu menggunakan Connective
words sesuai dengan fungsinya secara
benar dan praktis

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Standarisasi Modul
Latar Belakang
Standarisasi Modul ini disusun dan diterapkan untuk
1. Menjadi acuan pemahaman konsep Connective words yang benar dan praktis
2. Memberikan kemudahan dalam memahami konsep Connective words secara praktis
3. Menambah kompetensi sesuai dengan aturan grammatical.
4. Membantu meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa Inggris dengan benar dan praktis.

Connective Words
Coordinate
Conjunction
Conjunctive Adverb Transitional Expression function
and moreover, furthermore
besides, likewise
in addition, in the same vein,
by the same token
menambahkan hal yang
sudah disebutkan
sebelumnya
but, yet however, nevertheless
still
on the contrary, on the other
hand, in contrast to,
although, even though,
despite, though
menunjukan konsesi/
hal yang bertentangan
or, nor otherwise menunjukan pilihan/
alternatif
for Because, since, due to,
because of, as
menunjukan alasan/
sebab
so therefore, accordingly
hence, thus, consequently
as a result, for this reason menunjukan hasil atau
akibat/konsekwensi
logis
in fact, as a matter of fact memberi penegasan/
Penekanan
then, meanwhile in the meantime, menunjukan keterangan
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at the same time waktu

Connectors of Addition and Contrast
Read the pairs of sentences below. Which pair expresses similar ideas?
Which pair expresses contrasting ideas? Use the chart to help you.
1. Their team has got the best players. Moreover, their coach is fantastic.

2. Their team has got the best players. Nevertheless, they lost the last
game.
CONNECTORS OF ADDITION: in addition, furthermore, moreover, as well as, also,
and
CONNECTORS OF CONTRAST: however, nevertheless, on the one hand / on the
other hand, in spite of / despite, although /even though, but

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Choose the correct connector:
1. Lorena seems to be quite clever. ......., she often gets low marks.

2. The service at this restaurant is excellent. .........., the food is delicious.

3. I've never been to Argentina, .........having relatives there.

4. Jordi is a careful driver. .........., hes had several accidents.

5. Cristina loves playing sport, ........ shes not very good at it.

6. Anna is talented at music.......... art.

Some connectors have got similar meanings but are followed by different
structures. Despite and in spite of are followed by a noun phrase or a
gerund.
We did not wear coats despite the cold weather.
I tried to look happy in spite of feeling terrible.

Even though and although are followed by a clause.

My car constantly needs repairs even though its new.
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My cousin and I arent very close, although were the same
age.

Choose the correct connector.
1. We're studying now there's an interesting film on TV.
2. Id like to talk to you I know youre busy.
3. her efforts, she failed the exam.
4. we were having difficulties, we felt optimistic.
5. We didnt win the game
although
all our hard work.
Connectors are usually written in specific places in a sentence:
At the beginning of a sentence: in addition, furthermore, morover, howevrr,
nevertheless, on the one hand, on the other hand.
Either at the beginning or in the middle: despite, in spite of, although, even
though.
Only in the middle of a sentence: and, but, also, as well as

Rewrite the following sentences using the connector in brackets.
1. Isabel apologised several times. Nevertheless, Pau wouldnt speak to her.
(but)

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2. We decided to walk even though it was raining. (in spite of)

3. Roger works very hard to help his parents. Hes also a good student. (In
addition) (Two different sentences)

4. Im keen on Ice cream. In addition, Im keen on chocolate. (as well as)

5. Youre late again. Furthermore, you havent brought your books. (and)

6. On the one hand, Id love to come. On the other hand, I really havent got the
time. (However)

7. Rome is a great place to visit, but it has got terrible traffic problems. (despite)

Exercises
1. Mr. rudy was very angry at his bosss order, he decided to obey it.
(A) and
(B) so
(C) but
(D) or
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2. The young man needs a car for his work, he is going to buy one.
(A) and
(B) so
(C) but
(D) for
3. There is very little rain in this region; we often have crops failure.
(A) moreover
(B) otherwise
(C) however
(D) consequently
4. Merrys mother doesnt like animals in the house; , she has refused to permit her to get a
cat.
(A) besides
(B) otherwise
(C) accordingly
(D) nevertheless
5. The child hid behind his mother, he was afraid of the dog.
(A) for
(B) and
(C) or
(D) yet
6. We have been requesting payment on your bill for over a year without success; , we are
planning to take legal action against you unless you pay us immediately.
(A) otherwise
(B) therefore
(C) moreover
(D) still
7. Mr. Hakim is an intelligent and stimulating teacher; , he takes an interest in the personal
well-being of his students.
(A) besides
(B) otherwise
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(C) therefore
(D) however
8. we must all eat the proper food ; , we will get sick.
(A) still
(B) otherwise
(C) hence
(D) therefore
9. We cannot will the battle, , can we afford to lose it.
(A) and
(B) for
(C) nor
(D) but
10. They decided to take a vacation, , they needed the money to take more room for their
children.
(A) and
(B) so
(C) but
(D) nor

11. Not only was your mother successful, well-known.
(A) but also she was
(B) but she was
(C) both was she
(D) but also was she

12. Jack failed ..chemistry, but also biology.
(A) not only
(B) nor
(C) either
(D) but

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13. . you will confess, I will contact the policeman.
(A) Neither nor
(B) Either or
(C) Both and
(D) Only and

14. Neither will I help you, .. see you again.
(A) will I nor
(B) nor will I
(C) nor I will not
(D) nor I will
15. Mr. Salim family is not rich, .they are happy.
(A) Incase
(B) while
(C) nevertheless
(D) consequently

Determine whether the sentences are correct or not
16. ____: Motorist may admit their guilt and pay a fine immediately, but they may choose to
appear in court within thirty days and plead not guilty.
17. ____: He didnt study for the final exam, so he passed it.
18. ____: His grades were low; however he was admitted to the university.
19. ____: Mr. Syafri worked hard all year; as a result, he was pro moted.
20. ____: Our university library needs to add more books to its collection; nevertheless, I am
collecting donations to buy new books.
21. ____: We were planning to open a new office in Surabaya, but the economic crisis force us to
postpone it.
22. His two last musical shows were not professionally conducted.
____: You are right. In spite of that, he has contacted Kris, a professional in the entertainment
Business, for his next show.
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23. ____: Although three people have died of cholera, the old people of the village refused to get an
injection against it.
24. ____: I borrowed some money from him although I could pay for the rent.
25. ____: Marlina is so nice woman that I am really determined to marry her someday.

Determine which one is not true from each sentence below.
26. The flower is too odorous that I cant resist smelling it.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
27. I havent seen her for quite a long time until I last saw her in Japan.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
28. Rani cuts her finger so she was slicing the garlic bread.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
29. Please give this letter to Jack so you meet him.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
30. Indonesia will get fuel crisis next several years although government never try to have new
drilling area for fuel. (A) (B) (C)
(D)

Exercise on connectives
1. We stayed up late ________we were tired. (although, despite)
2. They went swimming_________ the coldness of the water. (although, despite)
3. I enjoy the course _________ the professor is a good teacher. (because, becauseof)
4. She looks __________ your sister. (as if, like)
5. Please wait __________ I make the phone call. (during, while)
6. Did you hear any noises _______ the night? (during, while)
7. It looked __________ we would not be able to leave until the next day. (as if, like)
8. We all felt tired __________ the hot weather. (because, because of)
9. I r ead a book ______ I was wai t i ng.
10. Her eyes shone ________ stars. (as if, like)
11. They managed to work together, ________ their differences of opinion.(although, despite)
12. I left home early, _________ I had to do several errands. (because, because of)
13. He speaks about the subject __________ he were an expert. (as if, like)
14. We rested ________ the hottest part of the day. ( during, while)
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Drs. Masari, MM

15. .___________ she lost her way twice, she arrived safely. ( although, despite)
16. .___________ their interest in comets, the decided to study astronomy. (because, because of)

1. Karen is rich; ___, her cousin Kate is poor.
a. therefore
b. however
c. otherwise
Answer

2. You'd better take a taxi. ___, you'll arrive late.
a. Consequently
b. Furthermore
c. Otherwise
Answer

3. I enjoy reading this new magazine. ___, it has good articles.
a. Moreover
b. Nevertheless
c. However
Answer

4. Jack wasn't tired. ___, he took a nap.
a. Otherwise
b. Hence
c. Nevertheless
Answer

5. Phil was not thirsty; ___, he drank five glasses of water.
a. however
b. moreover
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c. furthermore
Answer

6. The kids didn't study. ___, they failed the course.
a. Therefore
b. Nonetheless
c. Otherwise
Answer

7. The weather was terrible. ___, we decided to delay our trip.
a. Furthermore
b. Besides
c. Therefore
Answer

8. You must buy the tickets; ___, we won't be able to see that play.
a. otherwise
b. although
c. besides
Answer

9. The neighborhood isn't very interesting. I like the house, ___.
a. moreover
b. thus
c. though
Answer

10. We live in the same building; ___, we hardly see each other.
a. however
b. therefore
c. furthermore
Answer

11. He didn't earn enough money. ___, his wife decided to get a job.
a. Moreover
b. Therefore
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c. Although
Answer

12. That house isn't big enough for us, and ___, it's too expensive.
a. furthermore
b. hence
c. although
Answer

13. We have plenty of money and workers; ___, we hope to finish the house remodeling
soon.
a. nevertheless
b. unless
c. thus
Answer

14. She's extremely rich; ___, she's not snobbish.
a. hence
b. however
c. otherwise
Answer

15. It was a windy and rainy night. ___, I decided to go out.
a. nevertheless
b. otherwise
c. hence
Answer

References:

[1] TOEFL. Binarupa Aksara. 9
th
Edition. 2000
[2] Magazine., Campus Asia, volume 2 Number 1 March 2008
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[3] Muhammad., Memahami Struktur dan Tata Bahasa TOEFL, Lingua Publishing,
Jogjakarta, 2006
[4] Murphy Raymond., English Grammar I Use, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, 1987

Modul 10. Connective Words

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