BIOL 300 Final Review

1. What is the role of the central nervous system? Peripheral? Processes info and
makes decisions. PNS= gather info and carries out commands
2. What are the main functional units of a neuron and what do they do?
c. endrites! gather info from cells
d. soma"cell= general meta#olism
e. a$om= transmits info
f. %yelin=speeding up transmission
g. &ermini Send out info
'. What proteins esta#lish resting potential? (ow? Na") atpase! pumps Na out* 2 k
in) leakchannel + ) flows out of cell
,. What is an action potential? -lectrochemical signal that travels down a neuron*
unstopa#le.
1.. What phenomenon prevents action potentials from traveling #ackwards?
/efractory period
11. What occurs at the synapse? Neurotransmitters are rleased and picked up
12. (ow many different kinds of neurotransmitters can one cell make? /eceive?
%ake 1 receive many
10. What is the #lood #rain #arrier? Protects the #rain from to$in or unwanted
compounds in the #lood. Small non!polar molecules and pass freely
11. What are differences #etween motor and autonomic systems? motor=voluntary
autonomic is involentary aka fight or flight
12. What ma3or functions do the 1 #rain lo#es control?
p. 4rontal! personality* logic* language* reasoning
5. Perietal! taste* #ody feelings
r. &emporal! (earing* smell
s. 6ccipital! vision
2.. What is the purpose of roots* shoots and leaves for plants? roots=a#sor# nutrients
shoots= transnport nutrients leaves= photosynthesis and respiration
21. What is a rhi7ome? 8 root like stem that stores food
22. What are some uni5ue structurally adapted leaves? 9acti needles* pea tendrils
20. What are $ylem and phloem? Stomata? :ylem transports water phloem = solid
nutriend molecules stomata= leaf pores that regulate gas e$change.
21. What are parenchyma cells? %ost meta#olism happens here. Photosynthesis* food
storage
22. What is a meristem? What is the difference #etween apical and lateral? %eristem
are the growth tissue of a plant. 8pical are on tips ;roots and top< lateral #ranch
from the sides
2=. What are structures found in a flower? What are their purposes?
aa. Petals! attract pollinators
##. Sepals! protect the flower #ud
cc. Stamens! male part* has pollen
dd. Pistils! female part* have ovary
01. 8 fruit develops out of which part of the flower? pistils
02. What are some e$amples of plant ase$ual reproduction?9loning* runners*
propagation from rhi7omes
00. What determines the seasons on -arth?a tilted a$is
01. Why are rainforests concentrated in e5uatorial regions? &hey get lots of sun and
rain. Warm e5uatorial water makes more precipitation
02. What are deserts concentrated at 0. degrees latitude? Wind patterns drive rain
away from those areas* most rain is already fallen on rainforests
0=. What is a rain shadow? 8n area of downwind of a mountain range that recieves
little rainfall.
0>. What are the two main factors which determine distri#ution of marine life?
Nutrients ;o2 and minerals< sucks up nutrients from #ottom
0'. Why does sewage and agricultural runoff cause algal #looms? Why is that #ad?
Nitrogen and phosphurus support algal colonies. &hey suck up all the o$ygen and
some algae are to$ic
0,. What #iomes make up the Sacramento region? ?rasslands* wetlands* coniferous
forests
1.. What features define deserts? @ack of rainfall temperature doesnt matter