Abstract:

In this experiment we used the Marcet Boiler to investigate the temperature as the pressure is raised and
compare the experimental values with the values in the properties table of water.
The Marcet Boiler filled with water is to be healed first, until a certain absolute pressure reached. Then the
heater will be turned off and will be allowed to cool down to its initial temperature. The increasing and
decreasing temperature will be recorded for further use and calculation of the experiment

Objective:
To investigate the temperature variation in a boiler as the pressure is increased.

Introduction:
The figure below shows the type of marcet boiler which is used in this experiment. The main element of this
boiler is the stainless steel steam boiler which has the capacity of 5 liters. The overflow valve ensures that
the vessel is filled with the correct amount of water, which is 4 liters. The drain valve is used to drain the
water in the vessel. Electric heater is used to heat the water. The manometer is fitted on the top of the boiler
to measure the steam pressure. The temperature sensor is also connected to measure the temperature. The
safety valve is used to prevent pressure to exceed 15 bar by
automatically executing the process.
Instruments:
Marcet boiler, a manometer connected on the lid of the boiler,
Temperature sensor, digital display for temperature, electric
heater, a master switch and a secure tape.
Procedure:
Close the drain valve
Remove the plug from the filter opening.
Fit the tube to the overflow valve and open it before filling the water.
Then fill the water in to the boiler so that it starts leaking from the overflow valve.
Stop filling the water and close the overflow valve.
Close the filter opening with the plug and secure it with the secure tape.
Start the experiment by switching on the switch of the electric supply.
At the same time start the stop watch.
wait for the pressure to reach your required reading and record the time of reaching and the
temperature .
take the readings till the pressure rises to 15 bar. Then the system will automatically stop.
After the heater is off take few measurements to observe the trend of cooling down.





Results:
Heating up Readings

Cooling down readings






P
sat
(gage)
Experimental
(bar)
P
sat
(abs)
Experimental
(bar)
Time
(s)
T
sat
Experimental

C

P
sat
(abs)
Properties
table
(bar)
T
sat

c
0.5 1.5 377 109.8 1.5 111.35
1 2 411 116.8 2 120.21
1.5 2.5 497 120.6 2.5 127.41
2 3 557 127.6 3 133.52
2.5 3.5 620 133.8 3.5 138.83
3 4 671 138.8 4 143.61
4 5 766 146.7 5 151.83
5 6 851 154.4 6 158.83
6 7 925 160.4 7 164.95
7 8 996 165.7 8 170.41
8 9 1062 170.7 9 175.35
9 10 1119 174.8 10 179.88
10 11 1173 179.0 11 184.06
11 12 1224 182.8 12 187.96
12 13 1273 186.3 13 191.60
13 14 1318 189.6 14 195.04
14 15 1348 192.6 15 198.28
15 16 1336 195.2 16 201.23
P
sat
(gage)
Experimental
(bar)
Time
(s)
T
sat
C

12.5 100 191.15
10 317 181.8
7.5 722 170.6
5 1803 153.6





Discussion:
The experimental T
sat
versus T
sat
from the table graph shows that the experimental recorded readings and
the readings from the table are approximately similar but not exactly same. The results from the properties
table are more accurate than the experimental results.
the reason for the errors in the reading can be due to difference in purity of water and due to recording the
value later than it should be recorded.

The T
sat
versus P
sat
graph shows that the pressure is directly proportional to the temperature.
T
sat
versus Time graph shows that temperature increases in short period of time.

The time taken to cool down and the time taken to heat up is not the same .The time taken to cool down is
approximately double of the time taken to heat up.
While heating the molecules join together and gain energy and move from themselves so the water take
different time periods to increase the temperature, while in cooling they separate themselves in equal time so
the time period of cooling down remains the same for the whole cooling procedure.
Error Analysis:

The error percentage should be around 10 - 20 % because there`s small difference between the actual and
ideal value`s we got.

Source of experiment error:
Measurement reading accuracy
Room temperature and pressure
The stability of the materials
Resolution to Experimental errors
Avoid measurements readings errors.
Take average of multiple readings
Perform at room temperature










Conclusion:
From the experiment, it is found from the graph and calculation,temperature of a saturated steam is directly
proportional to the pressure in equilibrium with water.
Disgracing some negligible faults, this experiment can be consider successful, to improve the result of the
experiment, it should be carried out at room temperature switching off all the air-conditions, and also by
repeating the experiment and taking the average value. If some insulation were kept on theMarcet boiler to
reduce heat loss, the experiment could be more accurate
Precaution to be taken :
wear safety goggles and gloves to protect your body from any injury.
The pressure should not exceed more than 15 bar so that the boiler does not explode.