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Modelling & Synthesis of Poly(butyl-acrylate) by Batch Emulsion
Polymerization Technique
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the awards of degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Guided by: Submitted by:
Dr. Sushant Upadhyaya Rajat Chauhan (2010UCH176)
Assistant Professor Prabhat Pachuri (2010UCH201)
MNIT Jaipur Pushpendra Dagar (2010UCH209)
Nitin Mathur (2010UCH226)
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
MALAVIYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JAIPUR
June 2014
MALAVIYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, JAIPUR
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that following students of Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya
National Institute of technology, Jaipur have undergone a project titled as Modelling &
Synthesis of Poly(butyl-acrylate) by Batch Emulsion Polymerization Technique under
my guidance. During this process, their performance is found ____________________.
Rajat Chauhan (2010 UCH 176)
Prabhat Pachaury (2010 UCH 201)
Pushpendra Dagar (2010 UCH 209)
Nitin Mathur (2010 UCH 226)
Dr. Sushant Upadhyaya
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Chemical Engineering
MNIT Jaipur
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Major project is an essential part of engineering student. The completion of this
project depends upon co-operation, co-ordination and combined efforts of
several sources of knowledge, energy and time. Hence we approach this matter
of acknowledgement this times trying our best to give credit whenever it is due.
It is our proud privilege to express gratitude and regard for the luminous and
fabulous evidence and remarkable suggestions in completing the project. We
have great pleasure in expressing our deep sense of gratitude to our respectful
supervisor Assistant Professor Dr.Sushant Upadhyaya, Department of Chemical
Engineering. We are also thankful to Mr. Jitendra Rajput, Ph.D. scholar, for his
help throughout the project.
We are also thankful to all the faculty members of the department for their
support from time to time.
Rajat Chauhan
Prabhat Pachuary
Pushpendra Dagar
Nitin Mathur
ABSTRACT
Polymers are being used in range of applications from daily life, engineering materials to
agriculture, as they have high molecular weight, light weight with high tensile strength and
range of properties. One of the most important polymer is Poly(butyl-acrylate), which is
being used in latex paint formation and pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA) etc. Poly(butyl-
acrylate) has been synthesized in laboratory using batch emulsion polymerization technique
in batch reactor. Different parameters which affect the rate of formation of the polymer are
discussed in the project. Effect of many parameters on the rate of polymerization like
variation of monomer concentration, initiator concentration etc is studied. Testing and
characterization of the synthesized polymer has been done at Central Institute of Plastics
Engineering and Technology (C.I.P.E.T) laboratory Jaipur & Central Research Facility, IIT
Delhi. With reference to these testing like melt flow index, density and melting point,
molecular weight distribution etc., study of different properties with varying parameters has
been done. A mathematical model is also developed and compared with a classical model to
understand the variation of different parameters. Finally, theoretical model has been validated
against the experimental results and found to be of similar nature.
Nomenclature
W
fo
= Initial weight fraction of monomer in mixture
W
m
= Weight of monomer
W
samp
= Weight of sample
W
t
= Total weight of mixture
W
p
= Weight of polymer
X = Degree of conversion
= Viscosity of polymer solution
0
= Viscosity of solvent
t
o
= Efflux time required for solvent
[I] = Initiator concentration
[M] = Monomer concentration
[P] = Polymer concentration
R = Primary radical
R
i
= Rate of disappearance of initiator
R
m
= Rate of disappearance of monomer
R
p
= Rate of formation of polymer
V = Kinetic chain length
X
n
= Number avg. degree of polymerization
M
o
= Molecular weight of monomer
f = Initiator efficiency
K
p
= Rate const. for propagation
K
tc
= Rate const. for termination by combination
K
td
= Rate const. for termination by disproportionation
K
trTA
= Rate const. for transfer to monomer/initiator
K
t
= Overall rate const. for termination
K
d
= Rate const. for initiator decomposition
K
I
= Rate constant for initiation
RM
n
= Propagating chain radical with degree of polymerization n
RM
m
= Dead polymer with Degree of polymerization m
RM
n
= Terminating polymer chains with degree of polymerization equal to n
RM
p
= Terminating polymer chains with degree of polymerization equal to p
RM
n
RM
p
= Terminating polymer chains with degree of polymerization equal to n+p
[R