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Ventilation
Local ventilation is to reduce exposure to the hazard in normal operations. Examples include:
Ventilation hoods in paint booths and laboratories
Force air ventilation in confined spaces
Management Controls
By following established safe work practices for accomplishing a task safely (and using PPE
in many cases), your employees can further reduce their exposure to hazards. Management
controls attempt to change surface and root cause behaviours.
1. Some of these general practices are very general in their applicability. They include
housekeeping activites such as:
Removal of tripping, blocking, or slipping hazards
Removal of accumulated toxic dust on surfaces
2. Other safe work practices apply to specific jobs in the workplace and involve specific
procedures for accomplishing a job. To develop these procedures, you might conduct
a job hazard analysis.

3. While controlling work practices and procedures, other measures such as changing
work schedules can also be quite effective in helping to reduce exposure to hazards.
Such measures include:
Lengthened rest breaks
Additional relief workers
Rotation of workers through different jobs
Practices
Some of these practices are very general in their applicability. They include housekeeping
activities such as:
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Using personal protective equipment (PPE)
Placing warning signs that inform and restrict access
Remove tripping, blocking, and slipping hazards
Removing accumulated toxic dust on surfaces
Wetting down surfaces to keep toxic dust out of the air
Procedures
These procedures apply to specific jobs in the workplace. Use the JHA to help develop
procedures.
Permit-required confined space entry procedures, hot works
Lockout/Tagout procedures
Fork-lift safety inspection procedures

Schedules
Measures aimed at reducing employee exposure to hazard by changing work schedules.
Such measures include:
Lengthened rest breaks
Additional relief workers
Exercise breaks to vary body motions
Rotation of workers through different jobs
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
When exposure to hazards cannot be completely engineered out of normal operations or
maintenance work, and when safe work practices cannot provide sufficient protection from
exposure, personal protective clothing and/or equipment may be required.
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PPE includes such items as:
Face shields
Steel-toed shoes
Safety glasses
Hard hats
Knee guards
Leather aprons
Mesh gloves
Life jackets
Respirators
Ear muffs
Safety goggles harness
Interim measures
When a hazard is recognized, the preferred correction or control cannot always be
accomplished immediately. However, in virtually all situations, temporary measures can be
taken to eliminate or reduce worker risk. Some examples are:
Taping down wires that pose a tripping hazard
Shutting down an operation temporarily
Placing cones to redirect employees around a spill