Politics

Is the art and science of governance the means by which the will of the
community is arrived at and implemented the activities of governments,
politicians or political party.
Politics according the Scientist
Power the powerful of influence the influential of rulers and the ruled and of
authority and the authority for time.
Politics According Ernesto Maceday
The art of compremise to achieve certain end.
Politics According J ovito Salonga
The capacity to Say No to something dangerous and chemical

Four Essential Elements of Politics
1. Power
2. Rule
3. Influence
4. Authority

E-Governance
It is exercise of political economic and administrative authority in the
management of a country affairs at all levels.
We can define giving citizens the choice of when and where they can access.

Electronic Governance
Is the delivery of government services and information to the public using
electronic means.

State
Is a community of persons more or less numerous, occupying a definite of
territory possessing of organize of government and enjoying independence for
external control.

Four Elements of State

1. People is the entire body of those citizens of a state who are invested with
political for political purposes.

2. Territory is geographical area under jurisdiction of another country or
sovereign power or state.

3. Government is the totality of authorities which role of society by prescribing
and carrying out fundamentals roles by which regulates of freedom in its
member.

4. Sovereignty It is supreme, absolute and uncontrollable power by which
independent mistake is govern.

Nation
Is defines a people or aggregation of men existing in the form of organize society
usually inhabiting a distinct portion of the earth speaking the same language using
the custom possessing historic continuity and distinguished form other like groups
by their racial origin and the characteristic and generally but not necessarily living
under the same government and sovereignty.

Differences of State and Nation

1. A state is primarily juristic or political concept while nation is primarily racial or
ethnic one.

2. There can be a nation without there being a state but there is a state is at least
one nation.

3. A state be made up of one or more nation and the nation may occupy two or
more state.

Two or more Poly National State
One or more Mono National State

4. State presupposes to government and definitely while this are not necessary in
They system of nation.

Government
Is the aggregate of authority which rule the society

Differences of Government and State

1. The government is an essential mark of the state there cant be a state without a
government but they can be government without being a state.

2. A state possesses the quality of permanency while the government may come and
go leaving the state the continue unimpaired and unaffected.

3. A state is ideal person while the government is the instrumentality of these
political unity.

Modes or ways of Territory

1. Discovering and Occupation A state may acquire a territory by discovering a
content, an island or land with no inhabitants or occupied by uncivilized
inhabitants and there after occupying it by placing it under its political
administrator.

2. Prescription Mode of acquiring a territory mode of continuous and undisputed
exercise of sovereignty of it during such period as is necessary to create under the
present of condition of things is in conformity with international order.

3. Cession is the assignment transfer or yielding up of territory by one state or
government to another.

4. Subjugation and Annixation is a mode of acquiring territory belonging to a
state by occupation and conquest make by another state in the course of war and
by annexation at the end of the war.

Annixation Involuntary cession

5. Accretion is the mode of acquiring territory by addition portion of soil either
artificial or natural.

Kinds of Government

a. De Jure or Legitimate is one the established according the constitution of the
nation and lawfully entitled and recognition primacy and administration of the
nation but which actuality cut off from power or control.

b. De Facto or Illegitimate one the maintain itself by a display of force against
the will of the rightful legal government and is successful at least temporarily in
overturning institution of rightful legal government by setting its own in lieu
thereof.


Kinds of De Facto Government

1. Government by Revolution It is the government establish by inhabitants the
who rise the revolt against deposed the legitimate regime.

2. Government by Secession It is the government establish by inhabitants of the
state who secedes there form without overthrowing its government.

3. Government by Occupation The government establish in the course of war by
invading forces of one belligerent country in the territory of another belligerent
country the government of which is also displaced.

Two manifestation of Sovereignty

1. Internal sovereignty It is power to control and direct the internal affairs of the
country.

2. External sovereignty It is the power of independent state to controlled and
indirect its external appears.