E-CONTENT DEVELOPMENT OF

WATER TREATMENT


1. HOME
http://www.chemistry.about.com
http://www.chemistry.umn.edu
http://www.chemistry.info/watertreatment.com
http://www.chemistry4kids.com



2. OBJECTIVES

To develop e-content on the topic WATER TREATMENT .
To Identify the importance of water treatment.
To create an awareness about water treatment.
To develop an understanding about Water treatment.



3 .TOPIC




4. E-CONTENT ANALYSIS

TERMS : Aeration, Filteration , Equalization, Coagulation ,Flocculation
Floatation ,Centrifugation

FACTS

Water has the ability to dissolves a large number of substances .


After treatment of raw water we get drinking water

Water can purify through different processes.

CONCEPT

Aeration The oxygen content of water is retained in this stage. The water
in the reservoir is allowed to flow as small streams in to another tank
where it is mixed with air.
Filteration -water is filtered by passing through sand and gravel .
Equalization-To minimize or control fluctuations in wastewater
characteristics in order to provide optimum conditions for subsequent
treatment process.
Coagulation -The coagulation process involves the addition of the
chemical (e.g. alum) and then a rapid mixing to dissolve the chemical and
distribute it evenly throughout the water.
Flocculation-It is a process wherein colloids come out of suspension in the
form of floc or flake; either spontaneously or due to the addition of
a clarifying agent.
Flotation- process to concentrate the valuable ore in low grade ores.The
ore is ground to a powder ,mixed with water containing surface-active
chemicals,and vigrorously aerated. The bubbles formed trap the required
ore fragments and carry them to the surface froth ,which is then skimmed
off.
Centrifugation- process that involves the use of the centrifugal force for
the sedimentation of heterogeneous mixtures with a centrifuge.
SUMMARY

Water treatment is, collectively, the industrial-scale processes that
makes water more acceptable for an end-use, which may be drinking, industry, or
medicine. Water treatment is unlike small-scale water sterilization that campers
and other people in wilderness areas practice. Water treatment should remove
existing water contaminants or so reduce their concentration that their water
becomes fit for its desired end-use, which may be safely returning used water to
the environment.
The processes involved in treating water for drinking purpose may be solids
separation using physical processes such assettling and filtration, and chemical
processes such as disinfection and coagulation.
Biological processes are employed in the treatment of wastewater and these
processes may include, for example, aerated lagoons, activated sludge or slow sand
filters.
Thus the e-content can be conveyed very easily and clearly to the students .It will
definitely motivate them to learn .By using the wide scope of e-content,we can
make the teaching-learning process more effective.