Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
The focus of the clinical nurse specialist role for the future is neither the specialist
nor generalist as it is a serious and interesting current debate. The basis for the balance
must be derived from the needs of patient and the career goals of the nurse on the other.
This requires flexibility in the design of graduate programe. So that student are exposed
to graduate to and explore the changing body of knowledge in a specialized area.
Definition
Generalization
The reasoning by which a basic conclusion is reached with application to different
item that have common factor.
Mosby, !!.
"ptimization is achieved by introducing balance between specialization and
generalization.
#echambre.$, !!!.
%eneralization is a study of all sub&ects in breadth. 'g . (sychology, socialization,
microbiology, nutrition, pharmacology, pathology physics, chemistry.
Specialization
Specialization is one who has made particular study of one sub&ect in depth eg
Medical surgical, community health nursing.
Historical Background
The idea of clinical specialization in nursing began to develop in the )*+!,s and
resulted in a demand for special training in such areas such as obstetric, surgical and
operating room nursing clinical courses called post graduate courses were developed but
to get recognition by university for academic credit and infect substandard quality. The
focus of most university course for nurses or education or public health. - few
universities were beginning to include advanced clinical content their programme by
)+.!.
)
The emphasis on the functional roles of teacher, administrator, researcher /or0
consultant was gradually replaced by nurse clinical with a specialized body of knowledge
and practice.
The focus on nursing content shifted correspondingly from knowledge of
teaching, supervision1 administration and consultation to consistent efforts to defined and
structure nursing body of clinical knowledge.
-reas of specialization have emerged such as family, oncology, critical care,
cardiovascular nursing, women,s health and psycho physiologic also with other areas of
specialization such as medical surgical nursing, obstetric, pediatric, psychiatric, genetic
and 234.
The clinical nurse specialist now has expert clinical knowledge but is thus
sufficient for the effective development of the role5 The clinical nurse specialist today go
beyond the question of specialization 6s. generalization and include issue of the clinical
expertise.
Difference Between specialization Vs. Generalization
Specialization Generalization
Specialization knowledge on depth 7t is knowledge based on breadth
7t is more intensive in nature 7t is more broad in nature
7t is a vertical study 7t is horizontal study
$nowledge in particular arch in nursing 8road knowledge in all the areas in nursing
Specialized training is needed e.g. (ost
graduation
%eneral training in sufficient eg. %4M
course
#epth of knowledge is needed in
specialization
9ide range of knowledge is needed in
general practice.
:pgrading the profession through
advanced knowledge
:pgrading the profession through quality
patient care
-dvanced knowledge in particular area 8eginning knowledge in broad area
Nursing Generalists