Concepts of Man and His Basic Human Needs

1.) The theory on man as a Biopsychosocial and Spiritual being by Sister Callista Roy
conceptualies the follo!ing "#C"$T%
&.) Man' as a biologic being is li(e all other men
B.) Man' as a psychologic being is li(e no other man
C.) Man' as a social being is li(e some other men
).) Man' is a spiritual being only !hen he professes that he belie*es in +od
&ns% ),&ccording to the theory on Man as Biopsychosocial and Spiritual Being' all men are
spiritual by nature. This is because of the !ill and intellect- *irtues of faith' hope' and charity' and
the belief of e.istence of supreme po!er !ho guides man/s faith and destiny
0.) 1hich of the follo!ing is N2T a characteristic of an open system3
&.) 4t is self5su6cient and is totally isolated from other systems
B.) 4t e.changes matter' energy or information !ith the en*ironment
C.) 4t allo!s sustaining elements to enter the system to nourish it
).) 4t is easily a7ected by changes in other systems
&ns% &,&n open system needs to e.change matter' energy and information. 4t is interrelated and
interdependent !ith other systems
8.) 1hich aspect of man/s nature is demonstrated by ma(ing a choice therapeutic regimen
reluctantly3
&.) 9imited and unlimited nature
B.) Mature nature !ith core of immaturity
C.) & creature of indecisi*eness
).) Rational and logical' yet irrational at times
&ns% C, Man is a creature of indecisi*eness. He is al!ays at the crossroad of choosing
:.) Body image is%
&.) The !ay a person appears and his style of grooming
B.) The !ay the person loo(s at a certain age
C.) The !ay a person pictures;percei*es his appearance and function and ho! he compares
himself !ith others.
).) & body !ith complete parts and functions
&ns% C,Body image is the !ay a person percei*es his appearance and function
<.) The nursing diagnosis Body 4mage )isturbance is most li(ely to be !ritten for !hich of the
follo!ing persons3
&.) & patient !ith abo*e the (nee amputation
B.) & patient !ith second degree burns
C.) & =uadriplegic patient
).) & person entering the health care system after mo*ing from !ellness to illness
&ns% ),& person entering a health care system most li(ely !ould e.perience alteration in body
image
>.) The nurse should assess the acti*ity
Tolerance of the patient !ith !hich of the follo!ing conditions3
&.) )iabetes mellitus
B.) )iarrhea
C.) &nemia
).) ?idney stones
&ns% C,&cti*ity intolerance is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a client !ith anemia. 4N
anemia' there is lo! o.ygen5carrying capacity of the blood' so the client e.periences !ea(ness
and fatigue
@.) &ccording to Maslo!/s hierarchy of needs' !hich of the follo!ing is a basic physiologic need
after o.ygen3
&.) 1ater
B.) Areedom from infection
C.) 9o*e and belongingness
).) Self5esteem
&ns% &,1ater is ne.t to o.ygen in the hierarchy of physiologic needs for sur*i*al
B.) Mrs. Sy' diagnosed !ith cancer of the breast' is scheduled to undergo chemotherapy. Ho!
should the nurse deal !ith the topic of hair loss !ith client3
&.))iscuss about hair loss as it occurs
B.)$ro*ide reading material about chemotherapy
C.)&c(no!ledge that hair loss may be a di6cult side e7ect and e.plore the patient/s feeling about
this
).) +i*e the patient information about headscarf' hats or !igs
&ns% C,Aocusing on the feelings of the client regarding hair loss is therapeutic. )iscussing about
!igs' head scarf' and hats
!ill be dealt !ith later
C.) The follo!ing are characteristics of basic human needs "#C"$T%
&.) $riorities are uniform to all indi*iduals
B.) Needs may be met in di7erent !ays
C.) Needs are interrelated
).) Needs may be deferred
&ns% &,$riorities *ary from indi*idual to indi*idual' according to stage of gro!th and
de*elopment' life situations and other factors
1D.) 1hich of the follo!ing needs is considered by the nurse !hen she implements re*erse
isolation for the client !ith leu(emia3
&.) $hysiologic need
B.) Safety and security
C.) 9o*e and belongingness
).) Self esteem
&ns% B,The client !ith leu(emia has lo! resistance to infections. $rotecting him from infection by
implementing re*erse or protecti*e isolation techni=ue meets his need for safety and security
11.) 1ho among the follo!ing clients should be attended Erst by the nurse3
&) The client !ith cough and colds
B.) The client !ith pain on the chest
C.) The client !ith fe*er due to infection
).) The client !ho is for discharge
&ns% B,The client !ith pain on the chest should be attended Erst by the nurse because he needs
to be assessed and managed immediately before se*ere problem occurs. The clients !ith signs
and symptoms of infections may be dealt !ith after those !ithout infections to pre*ent
contamination. The client for discharge !ould re=uire longer nursing time for health teachings'
and may be dealt !ith later Concepts of Health and 4llness
10.) The follo!ing are concepts of health%
1...) Health is a state of complete physical' mental' and social !ell being and not merely the
absence of disease or inErmity
0.) Health is the ability to maintain balance
8.) Health is the ability to maintain the internal en*ironment
:.) Health is the integration of all parts and subparts of an indi*idual
&.) 1'0'8
B.) 1'8':
C.) 0'8':
).) 1'0'8':
&ns )151H2 concept of health051alter Cannon/s concept of health onhomeostasis85Claude
Bernard/s concept of health on internalmilieu:5 Neuman/s concept of health on integration of parts
and subparts of an indi*idual
18.) The theorist !ho ad*ocates that health is the ability to maintain dynamic e=uilibrium is%
&.) Claude Bernard
B.) 1alter Cannon
C.) Hans Selye
).) Martha Rogers
&NS% B, 1alter Cannon ad*ocates that health is the ability to maintain dynamic
e=uilibriumFhomeostasis)
1:.) The GHealth54llness Continuum TheoryH describes !hich of the follo!ing%
1.) The e7ect of en*ironment to !ell5being and illness
0.) High le*el !ellness is achie*ed if a person is able to function independently/
8.) $recursor of illness may be hereditary' en*ironmental and beha*ioral factors
:.) The relationship bet!een agent' host and en*ironment
&.) 1'0'8':
B.) 1'8':
C.) 1'0'8
).) 0'8':
&NS% C, 1'0'8 )unn/s GHealth5illness ContinuumTheoryH describes the follo!ing%1.) The e7ect of
en*ironment to !ell5being andillness0.) High le*el !ellness is achie*ed if a person is able to
function independently8.) $recursor of illness may be hereditary' en*ironmental and beha*ioral
factors
1<.) 1hich of the follo!ing statements is not true is high5le*el !ellness3
&.) 4t is applicable only to healthy indi*iduals
B.) 4t is the ability to perform acti*ities of daily li*ing
C.) 4t connotes ma.imiing one/s potentialities
).) 4t is the ability to perform self5care
&NS% &, The statement !hich is N2T TRI" in high le*el !ellness is that' it is applicable only to
healthy indi*iduals. High le*el !ellness is applicable to both the !ell and the ill' as long as one
ma.imies his potentialities and functions independently
1>.) Mrs. )e +uman had been diagnosed to ha*e hypertension since 1< years ago. Since then'
she had maintained lo! sodium diet' to control her blood pressure. This practice is *ie!ed as%
&.) Her superstitious belief
B.) Her cultural belief
C.) Her personal
).) Her health belief
&NS% ), Health belief of an indi*idual inJuences his;her pre*enti*e health beha*ior. Health beliefs
maybe inJuenced by indi*idual perceptions' modifying factors' percei*ed beneEts of pre*enti*e
actions and percei*ed barriers to pre*enti*e actions
1@.) The GRole $erformance ModelH of health *ie!s that
%&.) Health is the absence of signs and symptoms of disease
B.) Health is successful adaptation
C.) Health is the ability to perform one/s !or( or Kob
).) Health is realiation of one/s potential
&NS% C, The GRole $erformance ModelH of health by Smith *ie!s that health is the ability to
perform one/s societal roles such as one/s !or( or Kob
1B.) Mr. Sal*ador practices e.cessi*e alcohol inta(e. This is considered as !hich type of precursor
to illness3
&.) Beha*ioral factor
B.) "n*ironmental factor
C.) Hereditary factor
).) +enetic factor
&NS% &, Ta(ing alcohol e.cessi*ely is a beha*ioral precursor of illness. 2ther beha*ioral factors
that may lead to illness are as follo!s% cigarette smo(ing' poor diet' sedentary lifestyle'
poor hygiene' inade=uate rest and sleep' e.cessi*e !orry and tension 'etc
1C.) & person !ho may or may not be a7ected by disease is%
&.) &gent
B.) Carrier
C.) Lictim
).) Host
&NS% ), & host is an indi*idual !ho may or may not be a7ected by disease
0D.) Health promotion acti*ities are directed to achie*e the follo!ing%
1. 4ncreasing le*el of !ellness
0. 4mpro*ing =uality of life
8. Relying on health care personnel to maintain health
:. $romoting healthful lifestyle
&.) 1'0':
B.) 0'8':C.) 1'0'8
).) 1'0'8':
&NS% &, 1'0': Health promotion acti*ities are directed to achie*e the follo!ing%1.) 4ncreasing le*el
of !ellness0.) 4mpro*ing =uality of life8.) $romoting healthful lifestyle Aurthermore' health
promotion in*ol*es the principles of self responsibility for one/s health
01.) 1hich of the follo!ing beha*iors is not e.pected !hen a client assumes the sic( role3
&.) The client see(s for sic( lea*e
B.) The client consults a physician because of headache and percei*ed fe*er
C.) The client ta(es medications as prescribed by the physician
).) The client ignores his diiness' !ith the hope that it !ill be relie*ed spontaneously
&NS% ), 4gnoring signs and symptoms of a disease is not a sic( role beha*ior. Sic( role emphasies
that the person% is not held responsible for his condition - is e.cused from social roles- is obliged to
get !ell as soon as possible- is obliged to see( for competent help' i.e. see(ing ad*ice of health
professionals for *alidation of real illness' e.planation of symptoms and reassurance or prediction
of outcome Health and 4llness5 &sepsis and 4nfection Control
00.) 1hich of the follo!ing situations may cause droplet transmission of microorganisms3
&.) Aacing a clients !ho is coughing and sneeing !ithin a distance of 8 feet
B.) "ating contaminated shell Esh
C.) $uncture from intra*enous needle remo*ed from a client !ith hepatitis B
).) ".posure to Jood !ater
&ns% &, Aacing client !ho is coughing and sneeing most li(ely !ould cause droplet transmission
of microorganisms
08.) 1hich of the follo!ing is most e7ecti*e practice by caregi*ers and family' !hen caring for a
client !ith lo! resistance to infection due to cancer.
&.) &llo! t!o *isitors only' at a time
B.) 1ash hands fre=uently
C.) 1ear mas(s in the client/s room at all times
).) Meticulous cleaning of the client/s room
&NS% B, Hand !ashing is the most e7ecti*e practice to pre*ent transfer of microorganisms
0:.) The primary !hy the faucet is considered as contaminated is%
&.) 4t is located in unsterile area
B.) Many people are using it
C.) 4t is fre=uently used
).) 4t is opened by dirty hands
&NS% ), The faucet is considered contaminated primarily because it is opened by dirty hands
0<.) The nurse enters the room of the client on airborne precautions due to tuberculosis. 1hich
of the follo!ing are appropriate actions by the nurse3
1. She !ears the mas(' co*ering the nose and mouth
0. She !ashes her hands before and after remo*ing glo*es' after suctioning the client/s secretions
8. She remo*es glo*es and mas( before lea*ing the client/s room
:. She discards contaminated suction catheter tip in a trash can found in the client/s room
&.) 1 and 0
B.) 1 and 8
C.) 1'0 and 8
).) 1'0'8' and :
&NS% ), 1'0'8' and : the mas( should co*er the nose and mouth snugly. The hands should be
!ashed before and after remo*ing glo*es. +lo*es and mas( should be remo*ed before lea*ing the
client/s room' to contain the microorganism !ithin the client/s unit. Contaminated articles li(e
suction catheter should be discarded in a trashcan found in the client/s room to pre*ent
contamination of the outside en*ironment.
0>.) & 1:5yar old male is to be admitted to the unit due to high fe*er related to inJuena. 1ith
!hom among the follo!ing clients should be placed together in the room3
&.) The 105year old male client !ho had undergone appendectomy
B.) The 105year old female !ith Ju
C.) The 105year old boy !ith Ju
).) The 105 year old boy !ith leu(emia
&NS% C, Clients infected !ith the same type of microorganism may cohabitate . The gender and
the age of the clients should also be considered. Clients of the same gender and appro.imately
of the same age group !ill stay together !ell
0@.) &fter caring for a client !ith e.tensi*e body burns' the nurse performs !hich of the follo!ing
actions !hen remo*ing protecti*e !ear3
&.) Remo*e' mas(' go!n' glo*es' cap and shoe co*er
B.) Remo*e glo*es' mas(' go!n' cap and shoe co*er
C.) Remo*e go!n' mas(' glo*es' cap and shoe co*er
).) Remo*e cap and shoe co*er' mas(' glo*es' go!n
&NS% B, To remo*e protecti*e !ear' peel o7 glo*es Erst' then the mas(' go!n cap and shoe co*er.
This is to pre*ent contamination of s(in by the contaminated glo*es
0B.) 1hen discarding used needle and syringes' !hich of the follo!ing is appropriate nursing
action3
&.) Remo*e needle from the syringe and discard them in separate containers
B.) Recap needle' then discard the needle still attached to the syringe into a container
C.) )iscard the uncapped needle and syringe into a container
).) Brea( the needle' then discard syringe into container
&NS% C, )iscard the uncapped needle and syringe into a lea(5proof' puncture5proof container. This is to
pre*ent needle puncture of self. Ini*ersal precaution% N"L"R R"C&$ N"")9"
0C.) 1hen performing surgical hand scrub' !hich of the follo!ing nursing actions ensure pre*ention of
contamination3
1. ?eep Engernails short' clean' !ithout nail polish
0. 2pen faucet !ith (nee or foot control
8. ?eep hands abo*e elbo!s !hen !ashing and rinsing
:. 1ear cap' mas(' and shoe co*er after hand scrub
&.) 1'8':
B.) 1'0'8
C.) 1'0':
).) 0'8':
&NS% B, 1'0 and 85 Surgical hand scrub in*ol*es the follo!ing actions% ?eep Engernails short' clean'
!ithout nail polish' open faucets !ith (nee or foot control- (eep hands abo*e elbo!s !hen !ashing
and rinsing. Cap' mas(' shoe co*er should be !orn before hand scrub' to pre*ent contamination of the
scrubbed hand
8D.) 1hen remo*ing glo*es' !hich of the follo!ing is inappropriate nursing action3
&.) 1ash glo*ed hands Erst
B.) $eel o7 glo*es inside out
C.) Ise glo*e5to5glo*e' s(in5to5s(in techni=ue
).) Remo*e mas( and go!n before remo*ing glo*es
&NS% ), 1hen remo*ing glo*es' it is inappropriate to remo*e mas( and go!n Erst before glo*es.
&ppropriate nursing actions are% !ash glo*ed hands Erst' peel o7 glo*es inside out- use glo*e5to5glo*e'
s(in5to5s(in techni=ues. Remo*e glo*es Erst' follo!ed by the mas(' go!n' cap' and shoe co*er
81.) 1hen pouring sterile solution' the nurse performs !hich of the follo!ing actions correctly3
&.) Hold bottle > inches abo*e receptacle on the sterile Eeld
B.) Remo*e cap of bottle and place it !ith the underside lid do!n on a Jat surface
C.) Return e.cess solution from sterile receptacle to the bottle
).) $lace the bottle of sterile solution !ithin the sterile Eeld
&NS% &, 1hen pouring sterile solution' hold bottle >inches abo*e receptacle on the sterile Eeld. Capof
the bottle should be placed !ith underside lip up' on a Jat surface. ".cess solution should not be
returned to the bottle because this is considered contaminated. The bottle of the sterile solution
should be placed outside the sterile Eeld because the outside part of the bottle is no sterile.
Remember' sterile Eeld;obKect should come in contact !ith sterile obKects only' to maintain sterility.
STR"SS' &)&$T&T42N' H2M"2ST&S4S
80.) 1hich of the follo!ing does not characterie stress3
&.) Stress is a ner*ous energy
B.) & single stress does not cause a disease
C.) Stress in inherent to life
).) Stress may be protecti*e but at times problematic
&NS% &, This is an incorrect statement because stress is not a ner*ous strategy- it is
apsychophysiologic response
88.) &dapti*e responses of man to stressors are characteried by the follo!ing%
1. They are attempts to maintain e=uilibrium
0. They are fairly uniform in all indi*iduals
8. They are limitless
:. They are al!ays ade=uate to o*ercome stressors
&.) 1 and 0
B.) 1 and 8
C.) 1 and :
).) 0 and :
&NS% B, 1 and 8 adapti*e responses are attempts to maintain e=uilibrium and they are not limitless
8:.) The Erst manifestation of inJammation is%
&.) Heat
B.) Redness
C.) S!elling
).) $ain
&NS% B, The Erst manifestation of inJammation is redness. This is due to increased blood Jo! to the
area a7ected
8<.) The primary cause of pain at the site of inJammation is%
&.) Release of brady(inin
B.) 4nKury to ner*e endings
C.) Compression of local ner*e endings by edema Juids
).) 4mpaired circulations
&NS% C, The primary cause of pain at the site of inJammation is the compression of local ner*e
endings by edema Juids
8>.) The client is in stress because he !as told by the physician that he needs to undergo surgery for
remo*al of tumor in his stomach. 1hich of the follo!ing are e7ects of acti*ation of the sympatho5
adreno5medullary response in the client3
1. Constipation
0. Irinary fre=uency
8. Hypoglycemia
:. 4ncreased B$
&.) 1 and 0
B.) 1 and 8
C.) 0 and 8
).) 1 and :
&NS% ),1 and :5 "7ects of S&MR are due to release of norepinephrine and epinephrine. These include
constipation and increase B$
8@.) The client is on N$2 since midnight' as preparation for blood test. &dreno5corticalresponse is
acti*ated. 1hich of the follo!ing isan e.pected response3
&.) 9o! B$
B.) )ecrease urine output
C.) 1arm' Jushed' dry s(in
).) 9o! serum Na le*els
&NS% B, &dreno5cortical response in*ol*es release of aldosterone that leads to retention of sodium and
!ater. This results to decreased urine output
8B.) The client fell from the stairs' and had t!isted her an(le. The inKury caused inJammation of the
an(le. The nursing inter*entions for the inJamed an(le !ould least li(ely include !hich of the
follo!ing3
&.) "le*ate the an(le !ith pillo! support
B.) &pply !arm compress o*er the an(le for the Erst se*enty5t!o hours
C.) &pply compression bandage o*er the an(le
).) &dminister anti5inJammatory drug as ordered by the M.)
.&NS% B, &pplication of !arm compress o*er an inJamed body part for the Erst @0hours of inKury is not
included in the nursing inter*entions for inJammation. Cold compress is preferably applied during the
Erst @0hours to cause *asoconstriction and pre*ent;reduce s!elling.
8C.) 1hich of the follo!ing e*ents characterie the +&S stage of &larm3
&.) Aight5or5Jight response is acti*ated
B.) The person regains homeostasis
C.) &dapti*e mechanisms fail
).) 9e*els of resistance are increased
&NS% &, )uring the +&S stage of &larm' Eght5or5Jight response is acti*ated
:D.) The client is a <@ year old male !ho !or(s as a tra6c o6cer. He is e.posed to sunlight from
morning until afternoon. 1hich of the follo!ing is considered as a physiologic adapti*e mode of the
client3
&.) He learns to interpret di7erent tra6c signs
B.) He sees to it that he !ears his uniform as digniEed as a policeman does
C.) He de*elops dar( s(in
).) He learns the s(ill of gi*ing tra6c directions to dri*ers and pedestrian
&NS% C, )e*elopment of dar( s(in due to prolonged e.posure to sunlight' is an e.ample of physiologic
adapti*e mode
:1.) The Erst protecti*e cells launched at the site of tissue inKury are the%
&.) Basophils
B.) "osinophils
C.) Monocytes
).) Neutrophils
&NS% ), Neutrophils are the Erst protecti*e cells launched at the site of inKury to
performphagocytosisTherapeutic Communication
:0.) Therapeutic nurse5patient relationship is described as follo!s%
1. 4t is based on friendship and mutual interest
0. 4t is a professional relationship
8. 4t is focused on helping the patient sol*e problems and achie*e health5related goals
:. 4t is maintained only as long as the patient re=uires professional help
&.) 1'0'8
B.) 1'0':
C.) 0'8':
).) 1'8':
&NS% C, 0'8':5 Nurse5patient relationship is professional relationship' it is a helping relationship- it is
maintained only as long as the patient re=uires professional help. 4t is not based on friendship and
mutual interest.
:8.) )uring the !or(ing phase of therapeutic relationship' the nurse performs the follo!ing acti*ities
"#C"$T%
&.) Re*ie!s the client/s medical record
B.) "stablishes a contract !ith the client regarding e.pectations and responsibilities
C.) )ecides !ith the client on mutually agreed upon goals
).) )iscusses !ith the client on time frame of the relationship
&NS% &, Re*ie!ing the client/s medical record is an acti*ity done during the pre5interaction phase
of the therapeutic nurse5patient relationship. &ll the other choices are performed during the !or(ing
phase
::.) The client has been scheduled to undergo surgery for remo*al of tumor in her right breast. 1hich
of the follo!ing manifestations indicate that she is e.periencing mild an.iety3
&.) She has increased a!areness of the en*ironment details
B.) She focuses on selected aspect of her illness
C.) She e.periences incongruence of thoughts' feelings and actions
).) She e.periences random motor acti*ity
&NS% &, 4ncreased a!areness of the en*ironment details is a manifestation of mild an.iety
:<.) 1hich of the follo!ing nursing inter*entions !ould least li(ely be e7ecti*e !hen dealing !ith a
client !ith aggressi*e beha*ior3
&.) &pproach in calm' direct manner
B.) $ro*ide opportunities to e.press feelings
C.) Maintain eye contact !ith the client
).) 4solate the client from other clients
&NS% ), 4solating the client !ho manifests aggressi*e beha*ior !ould be ine7ecti*e inter*ention. This
may further agitate him. $ro*iding outlets' li(e physical acti*ities !ill be more e7ecti*e' to di*ert the
client/s energy
:>.) The client e.press fear that +od !ill not be supporti*e and might be puniti*e. He is e.periencing
!hich of the follo!ing responses3
&.) Spiritual pain
B.) Spiritual anger
C.) Spiritual an.iety
).) Spiritual loss
&NS% C,Spiritual an.iety is e.pression of fear that +od !ill not be supporti*e and might be puniti*e
:@.) The client *erbalies' G4/m nothing.H 1hich of the follo!ing is the most appropriate response by
the nurse3
&.) G&re you suggesting that you feel !orthless3H
B.) G2f course' you/re e*erything.H
C.) GThat/s not true.H
).) GMou should not feel that !ay.H
&NS% &, &ttempts to translate into feelings is a therapeutic techni=ue of communication. Ising denial
FB)' disagreeing FC)' and ad*ising F))' are non5therapeutic techni=ues of communication.
:B.) The client *erbalies that he is *ery an.ious that the diagnostic tests he had undergone might
re*eal he has cancer. 1hich of the follo!ing is most appropriate nursing inter*ention3
&.) Tell the client not to !orry unnecessarily' until the results are in.
B.) &s( the client to e.press feelings and concerns !ith regards to outcome of the tests
C.) Reassure the client that e*erything !ill be alright
).) &d*ise the client to di*ert his attention by !atching tele*ision or reading ne!spaper
&NS% B, ".ploring the client/s feelings and encouraging e*aluation encourage *erbaliation by the
client and therefore promote therapeutic nurse5client relationship. Reassuring F& and C)' ad*ising
F))'are non5therapeutic techni=ues of communication
:C.) 1hich of the follo!ing statements clearly deEnes therapeutic communication3
&.) Therapeutic communication is an interactional process !hich is primarily directed by the nurse
B.) Therapeutic communication is con*eys feelings of !armth' acceptance and empathy from the
nurse to a patient in a rela.ed atmosphere
C.) Therapeutic communication is a reciprocal interaction based on trust and aimed at identifying
patient needs and de*eloping mutual goals
).) Therapeutic communication is the assessment component of the nursing process
&NS- C, Therapeutic communication is a reciprocal interaction based on trust and aimed at identifying
patient needs and de*eloping mutual goals.
<D.) 1hich of the follo!ing concepts is most important in establishing therapeutic nurse5patient
relationship3
&.) The nurse must fully understand the patient/s feelings' perceptions and reactions before goals can
be established
B.) The nurse must be a role model for health5fostering beha*iors
C.) The nurse must recognie that the patient may manifest maladapti*e beha*ior during illness
).) The nurse needs to understand that the patient may test her before he can accept and trust her
&NS% ), 4n establishing therapeutic nurse5patient relationship' the nurse needs to understand that the
patient may test her before he can accept and trust her
<1.) 1hich communication s(ill is most e7ecti*e in dealing !ith co*ert communication
&.) *alidation
B.) 9istening
C.) "*aluation
).) ClariEcation
&NS% &, Lalidation is re=uired for co*ert communication. 2nly the patient can describe !hat he !ants
to con*ey through co*ert communication.
<0.) 1hich of the follo!ing are =ualities of good recording3
1. Bre*ity
0. Completeness and chronology
8. &ppropriateness
:. &ccuracy
&.) 1'0
B.) 8':
C.) 1'0'8
).) 1'0'8':
&NS% ), 1'0'8 :5 +ood recording is characteried by bre*ity' completeness and chronology'
appropriateness and accuracy.
<8.) &ll of the follo!ing chart entries are correct "#C"$T%
&.) Complained of chest pain
B.) Chest pain relie*ed after administration of NT+ sublingually
C.) &ble to ambulate to the bathroom !ithout assistance
).) Lital signs 10D;B: B0' 1B
&NS% ), Recording of *ital signs should beT'$R'RR'B$. So the recording of *ital signs letter ) is
incorrect. The rest are correct chartentries.
<:.) The accepted method for signing a nurse/s note is%
&.) N.C.;R.N
.B.) Nuan Cru' Clinical 4nstructor C.) Nuan Cru
).) Nuan ). Cru' R.N.
&NS% ), The accepted method of signing a nurse/s notes is !riting one/s full name n script and a6.ing
R.N. to signify one/s status as a registered nurse
<<.) 1hich of the follo!ing teachings methods is most appropriate for teaching a diabetic client on
self5inKection of insulin3
&.) )etailed e.planations
B.) )emonstration
C.) Ise of pamphlets
).) Ailmstrip
&NS% B, )emonstration is the best teaching strategy for psychomotor s(ills li(e self5inKection of insulin.
<>.) the most important characteristic of e7ecti*e nurse5patient relationship is that%
&.) 4t is gro!th5facilitating
B.) 4t is base on mutual understanding
C.) 4t fosters hope and conEdence
).) 4t in*ol*es primarily emotional bond
&NS% &, The most important characteristic of e7ecti*e nurse5patient relationship is that' it is gro!th5
facilitating for the nurse and the patient
<@.) 1hich of the follo!ing statements is most li(ely to promote a client/s compliance in performing
post5operati*e deep breathing' coughing and turning e.ercises3
&.) GMou !ill be gi*en ade=uate medication is these e.ercises !ill cause you pain.H
B.) G)eep breathing' coughing and turning e.ercises !ill promote good breathing' body circulation.
This !ill pre*ent complications.H
C.) GThese e.ercises !ill promote ma.imum respiratory *entilation' pre*ent thrombophlebitis and
atelectasis.H
).) GMour cooperation during these e.ercises !ill determine the rate of your reco*ery.H
&NS% B, +i*ing information is a therapeutic techni=ue of communication' li(e gi*ing e.planation on the
beneEts that a client !ill e.perience from deep breathing' coughing and turning e.ercises during the
postop period
<B.) 1hen using printed material to teach diabetic patient about foot care' the nurse should%
&.) Read the material to the patient
B.) &llo! the patient to read the material
C.) +i*e the material to a family member to read the patient
).) Read the material to e*aluate its clarity' accuracy and e7ecti*eness
&NS% ), Reading materials to be distributed to clients should be e*aluated by the nurse' for clarity'
accuracy and e7ecti*eness
<C.) The patient as(s the nurse' G )o you thin(' 4 ha*e the cancer3H The most appropriate response of
the nurse is%
&.) G4 !ill refer you to your doctor.H
B.) G4f 4 !ere you' 4 !ill not !orry unnecessarily
C.) GMou sound concerned about !hat the doctor may End.H
).) GMou !ill undergo di7erent tests before cancer can be diagnosed.H
&NS% C, Aocusing on client/s feeling is therapeutic
>D.) The patient is scheduled for proctosigmoidoscopy. She says she is ner*ous. The most appropriate
response to be made by the nurse is%
&.) GMou need not !orry. Mou ha*e the best doctor in the hospital.H
B.) G4 don/t blame you for feeling that !ay. 4f 4 !ere in your position' 4 !ould feel the same.H
C.) G1hy do you feel that !ay3 )on/t you trust +od3H
).) GMou sound really upset. 1ould you li(e to sit and tal( about it3
&NS% ), Aocusing on client/s feeling is therapeutic
>1.) 1hich of the follo!ing beha*ior should the nurse recognie !hen caring for elderly patients3
&.) Most elderly resent being cared for by people not related to them
B.) Many elderly patients need support in maintaining their independence
C.) "lderly patients refuse to change old habits
).) Most elderly are unable to learn ne! s(ills
&NS% B, Maintaining independence among elderly is essential to maintain their ego integrity
>0.) The nurse can best e*aluate that the patient is learning by%
&.) His ability to repeat !hat !as taught
B.) & desired change in his beha*ior
C.) Lerbal ac(no!ledgements that he understands
).) His ability to get a good score from =uestionnaire
&NS% B, The best e*idence that learning has ta(en place is an obser*able desired change in the
client/s beha*ior
>8.) Therapeutic communication begins !ith%
&.) +i*ing initial care
B.) Sho!ing empathy
C.) 4nteracting !ith patient
).) ?no!ing your patient
&NS% ), Therapeutic communication begins !ith (no!ing the client
>:.) 1hich of the follo!ing responses is appropriate !hen a patient re=uests to be discharged at once3
&.) G4 !ill notify the super*isor about your re=uest.H
B.) GMou can only be discharged after the doctor has gi*en a medical clearance.H
C.) G4 !ill notify your doctor' so 4 can inform him about your re=uest.H
).) G4 understand your re=uest but please sign this special form.H
&NS% C, )ischarge from the hospital re=uires physician/s order. Reassuring the client that his desire to
go home !ill be con*eyed to the M.).is therapeutic
><.) Arom your admission inter*ie! of a patient' you obtained a history of allergies. Mou can best
communicate this information by%
&.) $lacing allergy alert in (arde.
B.) 1riting in the patient/s chart
C.) 4nforming his attending physician
).) 2bser*ation of the patient/s beha*ior
&NS% C, 4nforming the attending physician about the client/s allergies is the best !ay to communicate
the information. Merely placing the information in the (arde.' !riting in the patient/s chart' !ill not
ensure that the physician !ill be properly informed about the patient/s allergy
>>.) 1hich of the follo!ing techni=ues can be most helpful in assessing the degree of distress and
discomfort of a ne!ly admitted patient3
&.) Re*ie! the nurse/s notes
B.) $erforming physical assessment
C.) &cti*e listening on !hat the patient says
).) 2bser*ation of the patient/s beha*ior
&NS% C, &cti*e listening on !hat the patient says !ill be most helpful in assessing the degree
of distress and discomfort her is e.pressing. 2nly the patient !ill be able to describe his distress and
discomfort' because these are subKecti*e data.
>@.) 1hich of the follo!ing factors !ill least li(ely facilitate learning of a patient3
&.) Moti*ation to learn
B.) &cti*e participation in the learning acti*ity
C.) 4nJuencing the client to change his health beliefs
).) $ositi*ely !orded corrections/
&NS% C, 4nJuencing the client to change his health beliefs !ill least li(ely facilitate his learning.
9earning ta(es place more easily if the ne! leaning is closely related to pre*ious learning li(e health
beliefs.
>B.) 1hich of the follo!ing principles must be gi*en consideration by the nurse !hen gi*ing patient
teaching to an elderly client;
&.) Ise audio5*isual aids to facilitate learning
B.) $ro*ide opportunity for independence to learn
C.) $ro*ide lecture for at least 0 hours
).) $roceed from comple. to simple material
&NS% B, &n elderly client learns best if he is gi*en opportunity for independence to learn. &udio5*isual
aids may be ine7ecti*e among elderly because of possible *isual and hearing impairment. "lderly
ha*e short attention span' so pro*iding lecture for at least 0 hours is ine7ecti*e. $roceeding from
simple to comple. material facilitates learning- not comple. to simple material. Stages of +ro!th and
)e*elopment% &dulthood
>C.) The de*elopment tas( of the young adult according to "ri(son is%
&.) 4dentity *s. Role confusion
B.) 4ntimacy *s. 4solation
C.) +enerati*ity *s. Stagnation
).) "go 4ntegrity *s. )espair
&ns% B
@D.) The follo!ing are characteristics of a middleOaged adult "#C"$T%
&.) There is a sense of stability and consolidation
B.) The person becomes more oriented and career5oriented
C.) The person is more family oriented and career5oriented
).) The person is more concerned !ith adhering to la!s that protect the !elfare and rights of others.
&ns% C
@1.) The aging process !hich is characteried by se*ere mental deterioration is%
&.) Senility
B.) Senescence
C.) +erontology
).) +eriatrics
&ns% &
@0.) The rate of 9i*ing Theory of &ging conceptualies that%
&.) Changes in replication of )N& PRN& are the causes of aging
B.) &ging is caused by a change in the immune system
C.) The body is li(e a machine' parts !ear out and the machine brea(s do!n
).) The faster one li*es' the sooner one ages and dies
&ns% )
@8.) The )isengagement Theory of aging belie*es that%
&.) Human beings are mortal and must e*entually lea*e their place and role in society
B.) 2ne must constantly struggle to remain functional
C.) $ersons !ill remain the same unless e.ternal and internal factors stimulate change
).) N2T&
&ns% &
@:.) 1hich of the follo!ing is inappropriate nursing action for the elderly !hen pro*iding hygienic
practices and s(in care3
&.) $ro*ide daily bath
B.) Ise mild' super fatted soap
C.) Ise body lotion
).) Change position fre=uently
&ns% &
@<.) The follo!ing are appropriate nursing actions for the elderly !ith hearing impairment "#C"$T%
&.) Spea( clearly' in !ell5enunciated !ords
B.) Ise normal tone of *oice
C.) Repeat instructions as needed
).) 4ncrease loudness of *oice !hen spea(ing
&ns% )
@>.) 1hich of the follo!ing colors is di6cult to be distinguished by an elderly3
&.) Red
B.) +reen
C.) $urple
).) Blue
&ns% C
@@.) 1hich of the follo!ing enhances drug to.icity among elderly3
&.) 9ess acute *ision
B.) )ecreased renal function
C.) &ltered memory
).) )iminished sense of taste
&ns% B
@B.) 1hich of the follo!ing should be include in the nursing care plan of an elderly3
&.) $ro*ide health teachings in se*eral brief sessions
B.) $ro*ide recreational acti*ities li(e needle!or(
C.) Ma(e decisions for the client
).) Ise audio5*isual aids !hen pro*iding health teachings
&ns% &
@C.) 1hich of the follo!ing may be a primary reason !hy an elderly Ends it di6cult to comply !ith lo!
sodium diet3
&.) The patient had been used to ta(ing salty foods in his younger years
B.) The patient e.periences diminished sense of taste
C.) The patient has decreased absorption in the +4 tract
).) The patient e.periences decreased peristalsis
&ns% B
BD.) The follo!ing are true in the human se.uality of the elderly "#C"$T%
&.) There is minimal change in amount of se.ual response
B.) There is cessation of se.ual acti*ity among elderly
C.) There is increased refractory periods in male
).) There is reduced *aginal lubrication
&ns% B
B1.) The follo!ing are characteristics of an elderly !ho has achie*ed ego integrity "#C"$T%
&.) Lie!s life !ith sense of !holeness and satisfaction from past accomplishments
B.) &ccepts death as completion of life
C.) ".periences serenity and shares !isdom
).) He !ishes to li*e life longer to correct past mista(es
&ns% )
B0.) &ccording to ?ohlberg/s theory on moral de*elopment' relationships are based on%
&.) Mutual trust
B.) Mutual satisfaction of needs
C.) Mutual appro*al of each other
).) Mutual beliefs
&ns% &
B8.) &ccording to Ha*ighurst/s theory on de*elopmental tas(s' the follo!ing are tas(s of a><5year old
person "#C"$T%
&.) &dKusting to retirement and reduced income
B.) &dKusting to decreasing $hysical strength and health
C.) "stablishing an e.plicit a6liation !ith one/s age group
).) &dKusting to aging parents
&ns% )
B:.) 1hich of the follo!ing !ill help maintain the self5esteem of an elderly client3
&.) $ro*ide as much independence as possible' !ith consideration to safety
B.) &ssist the client to accept the need for see(ing help in ma(ing decisions and Kudgments
C.) )o hygiene measures for the elderly to promote sense of !ell5being
).) $lan for routine acti*ities of daily li*ing to be follo!ed by the client
&ns% &
B<.) The follo!ing are appropriate nursing actions to pre*ent postural hypotension in an elderly patient
"#C"$T%
&.) &d*ise to get out of bed gradually
B.) 4nstruct to ha*e a daily Juid inta(e of 8glasses a day
C.) &d*ise to a*oid straining at stool
).) &d*ise to a*oid bending do!n and suddenly standing up again
&ns% B
B>.) 1hich of the follo!ing is not appropriate nursing inter*ention for an elderly !ith osteoporosis3
&.) 4nclude mil( and dairy products in diet
B.) Ta(e large amounts of protein5rich and salty foods
C.) Ha*e regular e.ercise
).) 1ear rubber5soled' lo! heeled shoes that grip !ell
&ns% B
B@.) The follo!ing are nursing inter*entions to minimie confusion among elderly3
&.) Ise touch to con*ey concern
B.) Ha*e cloc(s or calendars in the en*ironment
C.) ?eep a routine of acti*ities of daily li*ing
).) &ll of these
&ns% )
BB.) The follo!ing nursing inter*entions are appropriate in the pre*ention of pressure sores among
bedridden elderly patient "#C"$T%
&.) Massage bony prominences
B.) &pply alcohol on the s(in
C.) &pply cornstarch o*er the bed linens
).) "le*ate head of bed at :< to CD degree angle
&ns% B
BC.) Alorence Nightingale conceptualies that nursing is%
&.) The act of utiliing the en*ironment of the patient to assist him in his reco*ery
B.) &ssisting the indi*idual' sic( or !ell' in the performance of those acti*ities contributing to health'
pre*enting illness and rehabilitating the sic( or disabled
C.) & humanistic science dedicated to compassionate concern !ith maintaining and promoting health'
pre*enting illness and rehabilitating the sic( or disabled
).) & uni=ue profession in that it is concerned !ith all the *ariables a7ecting an indi*idual/s response
to stressors.
&ns% &
CD.) 1hich of the follo!ing nursing theorists conceptualies that all persons stri*e to achie*e self5care3
&.) Sister Callista Roy
B.) )orothea 2rem
C.) )orothy Nohnson
).) Nean 1atson
&ns% B
C1.) 1hich of the follo!ing nursing theorists introduced Transcultural Nursing Model3
&.) 4mogene ?ing
B.) )orothea 2rem
C.) )orothy Nohnson
).) Madeleine 9eininger
&ns% )
C0.) The most important communication s(ill to be de*eloped by the nurse manager e.cept.
&.) $erforming bedside nursing
B.) &sserti*eness
C.) Questioning
).) &ttenti*e 9istening
&ns% )
C8.) 1hich of the follo!ing moral theories is based on respect for other humans and belief that relationships
are based on mutual trust3
&.) "ri(son/s Theory
B.) ?olberg/s Theory
C.) Areud/s Theory
).) Schulman and Me(ler/s Theory
&ns% B
C:.) The caregi*er role of the nurse emphasies%
&.) 4mplementing nursing care measures
B.) $ro*iding direct nursing care
C.) Recognition of needs of clients
).) 2bser*ation of the client/s responses to illness
&ns% C
C<.) The nurse ta(es the patient/s ad*ocate role !hen she-
&.) )efends the rights of the patient
B.) 4ntercedes on behalf of the patient
C.) Refers the patient to other ser*ices
).) 1or(s !ith the signiEcant others
&ns% &
C>.) The manager role of the nurse is best demonstrated !hen she%
&.) $lans nursing care !ith the patient
B.) 4ntercedes on behalf of the patient
C.) Refers the patient to other ser*ices
).) 1or(s !ith the signiEcant of others
&ns% B
C@.) &ll of the follo!ing are primary responsibilities of the nurse manager "#C"$T
&.) $erforming bedside nursing
B.) Coordinating and delegating patient care
C.) Setting standards of performance
).) )esignating sta7 schedules
&ns% &
CB.) The four concepts common to nursing that appear in each of the current conceptual models
&.) $erson' Nursing' "n*ironment' Medicine
B.) $erson' Health' Nursing' Support System
C.) $erson' "n*ironment' Health' Nursing
).) $erson' "n*ironment' $sychology' Nursing
&ns%C
CC.) 1hich of the follo!ing is not a subKecti*e data3
&.) )iiness
B.) Chest pain
C.) &n.iety
).) Bluish discoloration
&ns% )
1DD.) The follo!ing are speciEc acti*ities during e*aluation "#C"$T%
&.) Collecting data
B.) $erforming nursing inter*entions
C.) Measuring goal attainment
).) Re*ising or modifying the care plan
&ns% B