SEKOLAH KEBANGSAAN KERTEH

PERTANDINGAN KOMPANG FORMASI

PERINGKAT PKG KEMASEK
KEDUA
DI SK SERI GELUGOR
due to our current situation, our national education goal is not
only focusing to several things such a to reduce the ga of
races !ut no" the goal is to achieve the nu#!er of uil "hich
can read after $ years in school% it "as called linus rogra#%
GREAT BRITAIN:
Every child in Britain must by law receive full-time education from
the age of five to the age of siteen! The great ma"ority of #arents
send their children to state schools! $nly about %& of children go to
#rivate fee-#aying schools' first #re#aratory schools' then #ublic
schools ( very e#ensive secondary schools such as )arrow and
Eton!
*nder the old selective system children attended #rimary schools
+from % to ,,-' which were followed by a secondary school course
+from ,, to ,% or over-! At eleven every child had to sit for the
eleven-#lus eam! .hildren with the highest mar/s went on to
grammar school' concentrating on academic careers' while technical
schools offered courses leading towards some immediate
occu#ation' and secondary modern schools offered education to the
more #ractically minded!
This division' however' came under attac/ on both educational and
social grounds! A new system was therefore introduced' with
com#rehensive schools attended by all children between ,, and ,0
or ,1! There is no selection by eamination and this system by
offering e2ual o##ortunities' may hel# to overcome ine2ualities in
home bac/ground! These schools are usually very big but in s#ite of
it there is an individual a##roach to the #u#ils! They are allowed to
concentrate on those sub"ects they ecel in and gradually dro#
those they are less good at! .hildren are usually grou#ed according
to ability to give the brighter ones a chance to ta/e higher
eaminations! At the age of ,0 the #u#ils sit for +3 level-
eaminations! 4uccess in these eaminations is re2uired for most
"obs and further vocational training! After two more years at school'
where the #u#ils s#eciali5e in three of four sub"ects' they sit for A
level eamination' which is necessary for entrance to university!
There are about fifty universities in Britain now! Among them $ford
and .ambridge are the oldest! 6ost of their colleges were founded
before ,0337 the oldest three were built before ,833! Then there
are several so called redbric/ universities founded in the ,9!century
and a number of new universities which were established in the
,903s! $nly those students who have been most successful in the A
level eaminations are accented to universities! 6ost universities
#rovide a wide range of courses in various sub"ects! 4ome of them
have become #articularly notable for their s#ecial interests7 science
and mathematics at .ambridge' technology at 6anchester and
social sciences at the *niversity of Esse! 4tudents have to #ay fees
and living costs' but many receive state grants or ta/e a com#etitive
eamination to win a scholarshi#!
There are some national variations in 4cotland' :ales and Northern
Ireland!
About 98& of British #u#ils receive their education in state schools!
The rest #u#ils attend #rivate or church schools!
;rimary 4chools are for ages % to ,,! ;rimary schools are divided
into infant schools +for very young children from % to < ( there is
only very elementary schooling' but most of the time children #lay'
tal/' #ractice or train in good habits' ma/e various things- and
"unior schools for children ages < to ,,! 6ost #rimary schools
#ractice =streaming>! .hildren of the same age are divided according
to ability in =streams>' then #u#ils learn at different s#eeds +for
eam#le: 4tream =A> for children who learn the 2uic/est' 4tream
=B> for average #u#ils and 4tream =.> for slower children-!
4econdary 4chools are for ages over ,,! There is national
curriculum to English and :elsh schools! 4chools have great
res#onsibility for it! 4ome sub"ects taught at schools a age ,,-,0:
English' 6ath' 4cience' Technology' )istory' Geogra#hy' 6usic' Art'
foreign language and o#tional religious education or technical and
vocational education!
The #rinci#al eamination is the General .ertificate of ?4econdary??
Education ( G.E or G.4E:
- $ +$rdinary- @evel is usually ta/en at about age ,0! There is a
wide choice and #u#ils do not have to ta/e a fied number of
sub"ects! It is useful to have % or more sub"ects at $ @evel'
#referably including English language!
- A +Advanced- @evel is usually ta/en at about age ,1! ;u#ils do one
or more sub"ects ( usually three! There is a wide range of choice! To
get into a university it is generally necessary to have two A @evels
+with reasonable grades- and five $ @evels!
Grammar 4chools are attended by about A% #er cent of secondary
school #u#ils! 6ost #u#ils who want to get an academic ty#e of
education attend grammar schools!
There are five grades of #ass ( A' B' .' B and E! In addition to
grammar schools there are other ty#es of secondary schools in
England and :ales: 4econdary modern schools' 4econdary technical
schools and .om#rehensive schools!
The English *niversities can be divided into 8 grou#s:
- $ford and .ambridge ( they are the oldest and the most famous
- Redbric/ *niversities which were founded in the ,9th century
+@ondon' 6anchester-! These schools #rovided some technological
train in industrial areas!
- The new universities o#ened after ,903 +4usse' Cor/ D-!
*!4!A!
It is im#ossible to s#ea/ of a uniform system of education in the
*!4!A as a whole7 its administration is under the control of the
individual states or munici#al governments or even #rivate
institutions' not under control of the federal government! Each state
has its own laws about schools! ThatEs why there at great
differences in the standards of various schools! 6ost states'
however' re2uire schools attendance from 0 to ,0 years of age!
;re-school facilities include day-care centers which are for children
u# to the age of %! Nearly all of them are #rivate! 6ost children'
however' begin with /indergartens' when they are % years old!
Elementary education +0 to ,, years of age- comes at the
elementary schools! Besides reading' writing and arithmetic' such
sub"ects as languages' science' geogra#hy' health and safety' art
and music are taught!
4econdary education +,A to ,< years of age- is divided into "unior
high schools +,A-,F- and senior high schools! )igh school is
com#rehensive and coeducational! All students must ta/e certain
general courses and can choose from s#eciali5ed ones according to
their talents and the vocation they are #re#aring for! There are
some sub"ects in the high schools curriculum' ranging from
conventional sub"ects such as English' @atin' modern languages'
science' math etc! to new sub"ects such as auto-mechanics'
aeronautics' electrical wor/' #rinting! The graduates get the )igh
4chool Bi#loma or .ertificate of Education! They donEt have to ta/e
any final eams to get this di#loma! The di#loma is given to #u#ils
who com#lete their course with satisfactory credits +G mar/s given
for attendance and grades- G mar/s given for 2uality of wor/! 6ost
students study F-% sub"ects for the di#loma! The di#lomas are given
to graduates at s#ecial ceremony for which they wear ca#s and
gowns! They also have their ball called a #rom!
About F3 & #u#ils go on to full-time higher education after high
schools! *niversities and colleges are both #rivate and state!
;restigious American universities such as )arvard' 4tanford' Cale'
;rinceton and Ber/eley are very e#ensive' but brilliant students
whose families canEt afford to su##ort their studies' can try a a##ly
fro scholarshi#s!
:hat is 4!A!T!
4cholastic A#titude Test is a standard national test for those high
school students who want to go to university or college! It always
ta/es #lace on a 4aturday! It consists of A #arts:
a- verbal +English' vocabulary and reading com#rehension-
b- mathematics' mostly algebra
The test is chec/ed by a com#uter at one national centre! 4tudents
are announced only the scores' they donEt get their tests bac/!
.HE.) RE;*B@I.:
In our state the children start to study at the age of 0 or <! The age
of 8-0 they can attend the /indergartens and the ma"ority of
children go there! The basic school is divided into A levels! The first
level is for the 0-,3 years old children and the second level is for
children of the age of ,3-,%!
After the basic school some of the children go to study to the high
school which last F years and is ended by the graduation eam! I
thing' that the most res#ected high school is the Grammar school!
The ma"ority of these schools leavers try to get to the university!
;eo#le study at the university usually for F-0 years! The best
university is the .harles *niversity in ;rague!