INTRODUCTION

_ _


Investment is the employment of funds with the aim of getting return on
it. In general terms, investment means the use of money in the hope of making
more money. In finance, investment means the purchase of a financial product
or other item of value with an expectation of favorable future returns.

Investment of hard earned money is a crucial activity of every human
being. Investment is the commitment of funds which have been saved from
current consumption with the hope that some benefits will be received in
future. Thus, it is a reward for waiting for money. Savings of the people are
invested in assets depending on their risk and return demands.

Investment refers to the concept of deferred consumption, which
involves purchasing an asset, giving a loan or keeping funds in a bank account
with the aim of generating future returns. Various investment options are
available, offering differing risk-reward tradeoffs. An understanding of the core
concepts and a thorough analysis of the options can help an investor create a
portfolio that maximizes returns while minimizing risk exposure.

The Investor can be an individual, a government, a pension fund, or a
corporation. Similarly, this definition includes all types of investments,
including investments by corporations in plant and equipment and investments
by individuals in stocks, bonds, commodities, or real estate. This text
emphasizes investments by individual investors. In all cases, the investor is
trading a known rupee amount today for some expected future stream of
payments that will be greater than the current outlay.








_ _
1

Investment Objectives


Investing is a wide spread practice and many have made their fortunes in
the process. The starting point in this process is to determine the
characteristics of the various investments and then matching them with the
individuals need and preferences. All personal investing is designed in order to
achieve certain objectives. These objectives may be tangible such as buying a
car, house etc. and intangible objectives such as social status, security etc.
similarly; these objectives may be classified as financial or personal objectives.
Financial objectives are safety, profitability, and liquidity.

Personal or individual objectives may be related to personal
characteristics of individuals such as family commitments, status, dependents,
educational requirements, income, consumption and provision for retirement
etc. Elements of investments are Risk and Return relationship, Time, Liquidity,
Tax savings. Diversification of funds is an important principle of investment for
earning higher rate of interest.

Investment Alternatives


Wide varieties of investment avenues are now available in India. An investor
can himself select the best avenue after studying the merits and demerits of
different avenues. Even financial advertising, newspaper supplements on
financial matters and investment journals offer guidance to investors in the
selection of suitable investment avenues.

The following investment avenues are popular and used extensively in India:

1) Investment in shares, debentures and bonds of different types issued by
companies, corporations and public sector organizations.
2) Postal Savings Schemes.
3) PF, PPF and other Tax sheltered savings schemes such as national saving
scheme, national saving certificates and tax saving schemes of LIC, ICICI,
Infrastructure bonds and so on.

4) Investment in investment intermediaries such as mutual funds.
5) Deposits in companies, fixed deposit, recurring deposits.
6) Life insurance investment i.e. investment in different life policies such as
whole life policy, endowment policy, annuity plans and so on.
7) Investment in gold, silver, precious metals and antiques.
8) Investment in real estates.
9) Investment in gilt-edged securities and securities of government and semi-
government organizations. (e.g. Bonds, treasury bills, etc.)

There are some avenues/investment schemes where tax benefits are available.
Such schemes are called Tax Savings Schemes of Investment. A tax payer can
take the benefit of such schemes and bring down his total tax liability. The
basic purpose of such schemes is to encourage investment in certain
investment avenues. In some schemes, the entire investment is made tax free,
i.e. it is deducted from yearly taxable income.












Research Design
The research design is the conceptual structure within which research is
conducted. It constitutes the blueprint for collection, arrangement and analysis
of data. A research design includes an outline of what the researcher will do
from writing the hypothesis and its operational implication to the final analysis
of the data. I have used the descriptive research design in this study.



Objectives of study

(A) Main objective of the study is:

To study the perception of investors towards Mutual Fund.

(B) Subsidiary objectives of the study are:

1. To identify the problems of investors in investing their money.

2. To analyze the investors level of fulfillment regarding mutual fund.

3. To examine the pattern of investment

4. To study investors preference with regards investment products

Tools for data collection

The study covers both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected
with the help of questionnaire. The questionnaire has two sections; the first
section relates to demographical profile of respondents and the second part
relates to the perception of investors .








Sample design

Purposive sampling method is used to collect data. Thirty Four respondents
are taken. A structured questionnaire was given to Thirty Four respondents
which consisted of both open ended and close ended questions.


(B) Sample element: - Individual investors are the sample element.

(C) Sampling technique: - Purposive sample technique is used to select the
sample.

(D) Sample size: - The sample size of Thirty Four respondents.

(E) Questionnaire design: - A Structured questionnaire has been prepared and
distributed among the Respondents to study their perception and preferences
regarding Investments.

Tabulation and Classification of data

The data was collected through a questionnaire and tabulated. The data has
been classified on the basis of age, occupation, Annual income, gender, by the
respondents. Cross tabulation has been done according to different variables.









MALE FEMALE TOTAL











_
2



0
5
10
15
20
25
MALE FEMALE
GENDER
Series1
Series2

23 11 34


















_ _
3

AGE


18-30 31-40 41-50
ABOVE
50 TOTAL































_ _
4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
18-30 31-40 41-50 ABOVE 50
AGE
Series1
Series2

6 12 9 7 34






















_ _
5




ANNUAL INCOME (in
Lakhs)


UPTO 1.2 1.2-3.0 3.0-5.0 5-10.0
Above
10.0 TOTAL

5 5 7 8 9 34







_ _
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
UPTO 1.2 1.2-3.0 3.0-5.0 5-10.0 Above 10.0
ANNUAL INCOME (in Lakhs)
Series1
Series2





















_ _
7


OCCUPATIONS


Govt.
Employee
Private
Employee Business Retired TOTAL

8 10 11 4 33









_ _
8
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Govt. Employee Private Employee Business Retired
OCCUPATIONS
Series1
Series2





















_ _
9




SAFETY


BULLION
POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE
BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES

21 18 26 25 2 2

62.20% 53.70% 77.70% 72.20% 6.60% 5.90%














_ _
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BULLION POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES
SAFETY
Series1
Series2







































_ _
11






PERODIC RETURNS/DIVIDENDS


BULLION
POST
OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE
BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES

6 9 5 7 3 7

17.70% 27.70% 15.90% 20.30% 7.40% 21.80%











_ _
12
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
BULLION POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES
PERODIC RETURNS/DIVIDENDS
Series1
Series2





















_ _
13

NAME : - GIRISH BABU CHANDAN

STD :- M.COM I

ROLL NO :- 7

SEM:- I

SUBJECT :- ECONOMICS

TOPIC :- EUROPEAN UNION

COLLEGE :- RAMNIRANJAN JHUNJHUNWALA
COLLEGE

PROFESSOR:- MANASI








DECLARATION


I, Mr. Girish Babu Chandan here by, declare that this project work entitled EUROPEAN
UNION is a result of my own research work and has not been previously submitted to any
other University for any other examination.
I hereby further declare that all information of this document has been obtained and
presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct.


College Seat No: 07 Year: 2013-2014


Date:

Place:






























ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the
kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my
sincere thanks to all of them.
I am highly indebted to Prof. MANASI for their guidance and constant supervision as well as
for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in
completing the project.
I would like to express my gratitude towards my friends for their kind co-operation and
encouragement which help me in completion of this project.
I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks Prof. Dr. Usha Mukundan, who giving
me such attention and opportunity.







Signature of the student





















INDEX
_ _

Sr. No. Particulars Pg.No Remark/Signature
1 INTRODUCTION 1
2 HISTORY 2
3 NUMBER OF MEMBER COUNTRIES 4
4 OBJECTIVES 6
5 POLICIES 8
6 ACHEIVEMENTS 10
7 REFERENCES 13















Certificate
Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College
Ghatkopar West, Mumbai - 400086


ECONOMICS


This is to Certify that Mr. Girish Babu Chandan
Roll No. 07 has satisfactorily carried out the Project work as laid down in the regulation of
the University of Mumbai for the purpose of M.Com I Examination. 2013-2014



Date :-



Examiner Head of Department


Principal






REFERENCES
_ _


1) WIKIPEDIA
























_ _
14


















0
2
4
6
8
10
12
BULLION POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES
HIGH RETURNS
Series1
Series2
HIGH RETURNS


BULLION
POST
OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE
BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES

10 6 9 6 9 11

28.80% 18.50% 26.60% 16.60% 25.50% 31.40%






































0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
BULLION POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES
SECURED FUTURE
Series1
Series2
SECURED FUTURE


BULLION
POST
OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE
BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES

11 12 16 15 3 3

31.40% 34.00% 48.10% 44.40% 8.50% 7.40%





































0
2
4
6
8
10
12
BULLION POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES
EASE OF PURCHASE
Series1
Series2
EASE OF PURCHASE


BULLION
POST
OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE
BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES

10 9 11 9 2 2

29.60% 25.10% 33.30% 27.70% 5.90% 7.00%
















0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
BULLION POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES
LIQUIDITY
Series1
Series2
LIQUIDITY


BULLION
POST
OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE
BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES

13 8 4 10 5 4

38.80% 23.70% 12.90% 30.70% 14.00% 11.10%







































0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
BULLION POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES
EASY MARKETABILITY
Series1
Series2
EASY MARKETABILITY


BULLION
POST
OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE
BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES

8 4 7 5 4 7

24.00% 12.90% 19.20% 14.80% 12.90% 20.00%







































0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
BULLION POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES
TAX BENEFIT
Series1
Series2
TAX BENEFIT


BULLION
POST
OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE
BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES

1 5 9 4 1 0

2.90% 14.40% 25.10% 12.90% 1.80% 0.00%


MORTGAGE NEED


BULLION
POST
OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE
BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES

9 5 3 7 1 3

26.60% 14.00% 7.40% 21.10% 4.40% 9.20%









0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
BULLION POST OFFICE
DEPOSITS
INSURANCE BANK
DEPOSITS
MUTUAL
FUNDS
SHARES
MORTGAGE NEED
Series1
Series2