1318

GLOSSARY.
Rain-tvatek
Pipe. One usually placed against the exterior of a house to carry oflf the
rain-water from the roof.
Eaisikg Piece. One which lies under a beam and over the posts or puncheons. The tenn
is chiefly used in respect of buildings constructed of timber framework.
Eaising
Weights. See Lewis.
Pake. A slope or inclination, as of a roof.
Kakinq. a term applied to any member whose arisses lie inclined to the horizon.
Pamp. (Pr.) In handrails, a concavity on the upper side formed over risers, or over a
half or quarter pace, by a sudden rise of the steps above, which frequently occasions a
knee above the ramp. The term is also applied to any concave form, as in coping, &c.,
where a higher is to be joined by a continued line to a lower body.
Pampant Aech. One whose abutments or springings are not on the same level.
Pance. a prop or shore ; a term used in Scotland.
Panuom Tooling. In Scotland called droving, is a mode of hewing the face of a stone
either as preparatory to some other process, or as a finishing operation. A chisel two to
four inches broad at the cutting edge, is advanced along the stone at about
^
inch peT
stroke, the result being a series of indentations on the surface of the whole stone

The excellence of the work depends upon the regularity of these flutings and the absence
of ridges between the draughts.
Pange, or Panging. (Fr.) A term applied to the edges of a number of bodies when
standing in a given plane. Thus, if the edges of the ribs of a groin were placed in a
cyliudric surface, they would be said to range. It is also used in respect of a work that
runs straight without breaking into angles.
Paxk Set. When the sole of a plane iron projects greatly below the plane.
Pay, Pkincipal. In perspective, the perpendicular distance between the eye and the
perspective plane.
Payonnant. (Fr. Radiating.) A term applied in France to a period in Gothic archi-
tecture, wherein the mullious and tracery terminate in forms founded on the divergence
of rays from certain centres. It prevailed frum tlie latter end of the thirteenth until near
the end of the fourteenth century.
Rebate. (Fr. Pebattre.) A channel or small recess cut in a piece of wood, longitudinally,
to receive the edge of a body, or the ends of a number of bodies that are to bes^'Curedto
it. The depth of the channel is equal to the thickiiei-s of the body
;
so that when the
end cf the latter is let into the rebate, it is in the same face with the outside of the
piece. See Door-stop.
Peuate Plank. One used for sinking rebates.
Recess. (Lat. Recedo.) A cavity left in a wall, sometimes for use, as to receive a side-
board, bed, &c., or to add to the quantity of floor room, and sometimes for ornament, as
when formed into a niche, &c.
Reciprocals. A term in mathematics, mostly applied to the fraction made by inverting
another fraction
;
thus
y
is the reciprocal of
|
and
\
of
|.
Rectangle. In geometry, a figure whoso angles are all right angles. Solids are called
rectangular with respect to their position, as a cone, cylinder, &c., when perpendicular to
the plane of the horizon. A parabola was anciently called a rect.angular section of a cone.
Rectification. In geometry, the finding of a right line that shall be equal to a given
curve, or simply finding the length of a curve.
Rectilinear. A figure whose boundaries are right lines.
Rectilinear Period. A name given by some writers to the Perpendicular period of
mediaeval architecture in England, from the predominance of rectangular or straight lines.
Pehuct. a quirk or small piece taken out of a larger to make it more uniform and regular.
Reduction of a figure, design, or draught. The copying it on a smaller scale than the
original, preserving the same form and proportions. Fortius purpose a pair of propor-
tional compasses are generally used, by which the labour is much lessened.
Reed Moulding. A moulding formed by tliree or more beads worked side by side.
Re-entering ANGLE. An angle returned (A), in contradistinc- r
i
~
tion to a square or solid angle (B), by the former of which I
much space is often lost in small houses, it being sometimes
adopted from its picturesque qualities. See Quirk. I
Refectory. (Lat.) A room for taking refreshments. See Abbey.
Reflector. A polished surface so placed at an angle that it will reflect light tmvards
any required position. See Light, Reflected.
Reflex. The light reflected from a surface in light to one in shade.
Refuge. The name given to a building prepared for the reception of destitute people,
where they are boarded and clothed and have to work, or if youn.^ are taught some
trade, such as the "Boys' Refuge Farm School and Country Home," at Bisley, near Woking,
in Surrey.
Kbolet. (Fr.) A flat narrow moulding, used chiefly to separate the parts or membcrsof
compartments or panels fx'oni each other, or to form knots, frets, and other oruameuts.