Interactive and Integrative Lesson Plan

The Human Skeleton

(Date)
I. Objectives
Cognitive : Describe the structure and function of the skeletal system.
Describe some bones that make up the skeletal system.
Identify the bones that protect body parts.
Psychomotor : Observe the structure of bones and relate the structure to its function.
Affective : Recognize that the strength of a nation depends on the strength of its individuals, just as the
strength of the skeleton depends upon the strength of its individual bones.
II. Integration
A. Values: elf!preservation and protecting your body.
. !akaba"an: "ivic duty and #ation building
III. Subject !atter
1. #nit : $uman keletal and %uscular ystem
To$ic : &he $uman keleton
Sub%to$ic : 'ones that protect
&e'erence : i&e(tbook ), cience and $ealth ) by *essie +. ,illegas, pages -!.
!aterials : model or picture of a skeleton, pictures of houses, umbrella
2. (once$ts)&elated Ideas
1. &he human skeleton is the frame/ork of the body. It is a to/er of bones put together by hinges and joints. It is
light/eight but strong. It is made up of -01 different bones that are designed to
a2 support the body,
b2 enable movement, and
c2 protect some body parts.
-. %an is a vertebrate animal. +ll vertebrates have an internal skeletal system, called endoskeleton.
3. &he human skeletal system is made up of t/o parts:
a2 +(ial skeleton. It is made of the bones of the skull, ribs, and the vertebrae. &he vertebrae, /hich make up
the backbone, hold the body upright
b2 +ppendicular skeleton. It includes all the bones attached to the a(ial skeleton, such as the bones of the
arms and legs, collarbones, hipbones, and shoulder bones. &he femur, fibula and tibia make up the legs4
the humerus, radius and ulna make up the arms.
). &he human skeletal system is a real masterpiece of structural design, /ith each part tailored to do a particular
job. One major function of the bones is to protect the body5s organ or a number of organs.
a2 &he vertebrae protect the spinal cord4
b2 the skull protects the brain4
c2 the rib cage protects the heart and lungs4
d2 the pelvic bones guard the kidneys and other organs of the abdomen.
3. Process Skills
Observing, inferring
IV. Procedure
A. Pre$arator" Activities
6reetings
"hecking of attendance
"hecking of assignments
1. !otivation
(Show pictures of different types of houses and buildings) All houses and buildings have practically the same parts like
roof, wall, floor, and rooms. And yet one house is different from another. What makes them different from one another
2. Presentation
!ou all must have seen how houses were built before the roofs and walls were assembled. "irst, the posts, beams and
trusses were constructed to give the house its framework upon which the walls and roofs were laid. #he final shape of a house
depends on the structural layout of these posts, beams and trusses.
$very structure has a framework. (%pen an umbrella) #his umbrella, for e&ample, has these steel rods and 'oints for its
framework. (mbrellas may vary in form and shape depending on how these rods are 'oined together.
#he human body is no different. )t also has a framework, called skeleton, so magnificently designed and balanced that he
can run, 'ump, dance, bend, and do a great variety of movements in spite of his small feet. #ogether with muscles, man*s skeleton
is a masterpiece of structural form that functions with great efficiency and incredible fle&ibility.
3. (once$t *ormation
1. #he human skeleton is the framework of the body. )t is a tower of bones put together by hinges and 'oints. +ow many
bones make up the skeletal system
,. What are the functions of the human skeleton
-. .an is a vertebrate animal. What do all vertebrates have in common
/. What are the two main parts of the human skeletal system
0. Which principal bones make up the a&ial skeleton
1. Which of the a&ial bones hold the body erect or in an upright position
2. )n general, what bones make up the appendicular skeleton
3. 4ame some appendicular bones.
5. )n activity 1 on page ,6-, you will the identify parts of the human skeletal system. !ou will match the given names to the
corresponding labels of the figure. (Allow 17610 minutes for the activity.)
17. #he human skeletal system is a real masterpiece of structural design, with each part tailored to do a particular 'ob. %ne
ma'or function of the bones is to protect the body8s organ or a number of organs. )n activity , on page /60, there are four
types of bones that provide protection for the body. !ou will identify the bones and the organs they protect. (Allow 0617
minutes for the activity).
11. What is 9a: and what body organ does it protect
1,. What is 9b: and what does it protect
1-. What is 9c: and what does it guard
1/. 9d: is the backbone of the human body. )t is made up of bones connected one after another. What do you call these bones
10. #he singular form of vertebrae is vertebra. What do the vertebrae protect
4. +nhancement Activities
What are the parts of the human skeleton pages ,6-
What do bones protect pages /60
5. ,enerali-ations
What is a skeleton
What are the functions of the human skeleton
What are the two ma'or parts of the human skeletal system 4ame some bones of each part.
What do bones protect
6. A$$lication)Integration
The skeleton is the framework of the human body in the same way as population is the framework of a nation. hen the
framework is weak! the nation is weak. "ust as the skeleton is made of individual bones! the population is made up of individual
persons who contribute to the strength of the nation. #t is important that each individual must be strong. As a young pupil and an
individual citi$en! how will you contribute to the strength of your country%
The human body is protected by tough and strong bones. &ou must! in return! protect your bones by regular e'ercise and
by eating calcium(rich food. Do not be a victim of such diseases as rickets! scoliosis! osteoporosis! and later on! arthritis.

7. +valuation
!ulti$le (hoice Test. "hoose the correct ans/er.
). All vertebrates have one structure in common* they all have an endoskeleton. An endoskeleton is made up of bones inside
the body. The arrangement of the endoskeleton in the human body is simply referred to as the skeletal system. #t is made up
of +,- bones designed to do all of the following functions e'cept
a) to support the body. c) to protect body parts.
b) to enable movement. d) to receive messages from the brain.
+. The human skeletal system is made up of two ma.or parts. The first part is called the a'ial skeleton! which is made up of
the skull! ribs! and the vertebrae. The vertebrae are the small bones that make up the
a) appendages. c) backbone.
b) immovable 'oints. d) phalanges.
/. The second ma.or part of the human skeletal system is the appendicular skeleton! which is made up of bones in the arms
and legs! including the collarbones! hipbones! and shoulder bones. hich of the following is not a legbone%
a) femur b) ulna c) fibula d) tibia
0. 1ones have shapes and structural designs tailored to do a particular .ob. #f needed for protection! the bone is flat! such as
the ribs! shoulder bones! breastbone! and pelvic bone. hat do pelvic bones protect%
a) lungs b) heart c) kidneys d) cerebrum
8. Assignment
1. ;abel the other parts of the human skeleton on page ,.
,. +ow are bones classified
-. Why are leg bones hollow