Truss

Q.1. Using the method of joints, find the axial forces in all the members of truss with the loading as
shown in fig (1).
Given:
Required:
AD, AB, BD, BE, BC, CE
Solution:
Using the conditions of equilibrium, we can conclude that:

X = 2tan (60)
X = 3.46 m
In getting RE, we take moment at point C (Mc) with clockwise direction taken as positive ():
()() ()() ()()()
R
E
=

(()() ()()

R
E
= 25, 981 N 26 kN
In solving for AD, we should first get the summation of the forces along Fy:
()
AD =10, 392 N 10.4 kN (C)
In acquiring the value of AB, we must first get the summation of the forces present at Fx:

AB ADcos60 = 0
AB = ADcos60
AB = 10,392.30cos60
AB =5,196.50N (T)


At point D. In getting the value of BD, we must consider all the force acting on joint D
and summing all the forces at y and equate it to zero:
Fy = 0
-ADsin60 + BDsin60 = 0
BD =

BD =10,392.30N (T)
Acquiring the value of DE, we must also consider all the force acting on joint D and
summing all the forces at x and equate it to zero just like in computing for BD:
Fx = 0
-DE + ADcos60 + BDcos60 = 0
DE = ADcos60 + BDcos60
DE = 10,392.30cos60 + 10,392.30cos60
DE =10,392.30N 10.4 kN (C)
Considering all forces acting at point B, we can get the value of BE by summing all the forces present at
y.
Fy = 0
-4500 BDsin60 + BEsin60 = 0
BE =

BE =15,588.46N 15.6 kN (T)
Getting the value of BC, we will sum all the forces present at x and acting at point B:
Fx = 0
-AB + BC BDcos60 BEcos60 = 0
BC = 5,196.15 + 10,392.30cos60 + 15,588.46cos60
BC =18,186.53N (T)

For CE, we must also consider the forces at x and acting at point C:
Fx = 0
DE + BEcos60 + CEcos60 REcos60 = 0
CE =

CE =

CE =10,392.30N 10.4kN (C)

Q.2. A framed structure of 6m span is carrying a central load of 10KN as shown in fig 2. Find by any
method, the magnitude and nature of forces in all members of the structure.
Given:
Required: AD, AC, BD, BC, CD
Solution:
At FBD (1)
Applying the principle of moments and using point A as axis of rotation with clockwise rotation () as
positive:
M
A
= 0
10 (3) R
B
(6) = 0
R
B
=
()

R
B
= 5kN
To get the value of R
AH
, we take moments at B with clockwise rotation () as positive:
M
B
= 0
-10 (3) + R
AV
(6) = 0
R
AY
= 5kN
Fx = R
AX

Therefore, R
AX
= 0



At point B, in searching for the values of BD and BC we must sum all forces present at x and at y:
Fx = 0

BC -

BD= 0 Eq. 1
Fy = 0

BC +

BD + 5= 0 Eq. 2
By substituting Eq. 1 to Eq. 2, BD and BC will be:
BC =11.18 kN (C)
BD =7.07 kN (C)
Summing all the forces, both in x and y, at point A, we get:
F
X
= 0

AC +

AD = 0 Eq. 3
Fy = 0

AC +

AD + 5 = 0 Eq. 4
Substituting Eq. 3 to Eq. 4 to get AC and AD:
AC =11.18 kN (C)
AD =7.07 kN (C)
Summing all the forces at y, at point D, and substituting the values of BD and AD to get CD, we get:
Fy = 0
CD -

BD -

AD= 0
CD =

(BD + AD)
Substituting the values of BD and AD
CD =

(7.07 + 7.07)
CD =10 kN (T)


Q.3. Determine the force in member ED, EG, and BD of the truss shown in fig-3. Using section method.
Given:
Required:
DE, EG, BD
Solution:
At FBD (1)
M
B
= 0 (clockwise positive)
30 (40 + 80 + 120) R
GV
(10) = 0
R
GV
=

R
GV
= 720kN
Fy = 0
R
GV
R
FV
= 0





Q.4. Determine the forces in the member FH, HG and GI in the truss shown in fig 4. Each load is 10KN
and all triangles are equilateral triangles. Using section method.
Given:
Required:
FH, HG, GI
Solution:
At FBD (1)
M
O
= 0 (counter clockwise negative)
-10(

) +R
AV
(7x) = 0
R
AV
=

R
AV
= 35kN
Fy = 0
R
AV
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 + R
OV
= 0
R
OV
= 70 35
R
OV
= 35kN
Fx = 0
R
AH
R
OH
= 0
R
AH
= R
OH
= 0
At FBD (2)
M
I
= 0 (clockwise positive)
R
AV
(3X) 10 (

) FH (

X) = 0
FH =
( (

))

FH =
() (

FH = 40kN
FH = 69.28kN
Fx = 0
-FH HGcos60 + GI = 0
GI = FH + HGcos60
GI = 69.28 + 5.77cos60
GI = 72.16kN (T)
At FBD (3)
Fy = 0
10 10 10 10 + R
OV
+ HGsin60 = 0
HG =

HG =

HG = 5.77kN






Q.5. The roof truss shown in fig-5, is supported at A and B carries vertical loads at each of the upper
chord points. Using the method of section, determine the forces in the members CE and FG of truss,
stating whether they are in tension or compression.
Given:
Required:
Solution: