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LAURENTIAN UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSIT LAURENTIENNE


Date: December 16, 2002

Course and No: Engineering Thermodynamics I ENGR 2036 EL

Total no. of pages: 5 including the cover sheet

Questions: 11 (See below for explanation)

Professor: Dr. Ramesh Subramanian

Time Allowed: 3 hours (7:00 p.m. 10:00 p.m.)


OTHER INSTRUCTIONS:

NAME:

STUDENT NO.:


(1) Please return the question sheet along with your answer booklet.

(2) You are allowed up to a maximum of 4 sheets for reference.

(3) PART I Answer any 4 out of 6 questions (4 x 10% = 40%)

PART II Answer any 2 out of 3 questions (2 x 17.5% = 35%)

PART III Answer any 1 out of 2 questions (1 x 25% = 25%)

(4) State your assumptions clearly.
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PART I


1. One kg of water at 25 C, 100 kPa is mixed adiabatically with 2 kg
of water at 50 C, 100 kPa. Determine

(a) the final temperature of 3 kg of water?

(b) the entropy produced in the process?



2. A reversible heat pump requires 10 horse power (hp) to supply
5275 kJ/min of heat a room which is at 22 C.

(a) How much heat is removed per minute from the outside air?

(b) What is the outdoor temperature?



3. A nitrogen cylinder of 0.1 m
3
originally has a pressure of 17.25 MPa
and a temperature of 20 C. The nitrogen is gradually used until the
pressure in the cylinder drops to 2.75 MPa, while the temperature
remains constant at 20 C. Determine the mass of nitrogen used using

(a) the ideal gas law

(b) the compressibility factor chart.




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4. Nitrogen, a diatomic ideal gas, is continuously compressed from 1
atm to 4 atm through an adiabatic compressor at a constant mass
flow rate of 64 kg/hr. The inlet temperature of nitrogen is 16 C and
the outlet temperature is measured at 205 C. Compute the power
required by the compressor using

(a) the specific heat, C
p
, for nitrogen as a function of temperature
(in the form of an equation) from the attached tables.

(b) C
p
= 3.5 R
Nitrogen
.



5. A well-insulated rigid cylinder is divided into two compartments by a
piston which is free to move but it does not allow either gas to leak
into the other side. Initially, one side of the piston contains 0.25 m
3
of
nitrogen gas (N
2
) at 600 kPa and 110 C while the other side
contains 0.25 m
3
of helium gas (He) at 600 kPa and 20 C. Thermal
equilibrium is then established in the cylinder as a result of heat
transfer through the piston. Assuming ideal gas behavior for both
gases, find the final equilibrium temperature of the cylinder.



6. A spherical egg (diameter = 5.5 cm) at an initial temperature of 8 C
is dropped into water boiling at 1 atm. The final temperature of the
egg by the time it is cooked is 70 C. The density of the egg is 1020
kg/m
3
and its specific heat (C
p
) is 3.32 kJ/kg C. Assuming the
thermal properties of the egg are constant, determine

(a) the amount of heat transfer to the egg by the time it is cooked.

(b) the amount of entropy generation associated with the heat
transfer process.
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PART II

1. Dry, saturated water vapor at 40 C enters a centrifugal compressor
at steady state. The vapor leaves at 250 C and 50 kPa. During this
process, heat is transferred from the vapor at a rate of 1 kW. The
mass flow rate of the vapor is 150 kg/hr. Determine

(a) the power required to drive the compressor, in kW.

(b) the power, in kW, required to drive the compressor from the
same initial state to the same final pressure, if the process is
reversible and adiabatic.

(c) the compressor efficiency.


2. Find the work and heat transfer for one kilogram of ammonia in a
piston-cylinder assembly initially at 50 C and 1000 kPa for each of the
following processes:

(a) reversible isothermal expansion to 100 kPa.

(b) reversible isobaric expansion to 140 C.

(c) reversible adiabatic expansion process to 100 kPa.


3. Nitrogen is confined in a closed piston-cylinder assembly initially at
1.7 atm and 316 C. The gas undergoes an internally reversible polytropic
process to a final pressure of 8.85 atm. The polytropic exponent (n) for this
process is 1.45, and the cylinder contains 0.55 kg of nitrogen. Heat is
transferred to the gas during this process from a thermal-energy
reservoir whose temperature is 1204 C. Determine the work, heat
transfer, and entropy produced for this process.
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PART III


1. An ideal gaseous mixture at 300 K and 200 kPa contains 0.25 kg of
nitrogen (N
2
), 0.6 kg of carbon dioxide (CO
2
), and 0.3 kg of oxygen
(O
2
). The gaseous mixture is now heated to 400 K and the pressure
drops to 140 kPa. Determine the overall change in volume, the
internal energy, the enthalpy and the entropy of the gaseous mixture
from state 1 to state 2 using

(a) the variable specific heat (C
p
) data from the tables for each gas.

(b) an average specific heat (C
pav
) for each gas at a temperature of
350 K from the tables.



2. One kg of steam goes through the following reversible steps in a
cycle:

(a) Isothermal expansion at 550 C from 3000 kPa to 800 kPa.

(b) Constant volume cooling to 450 kPa.

(c) Constant pressure cooling to a specific volume of 0.47 m
3
/kg.

(d) Adiabatic compression to 3000 kPa, 400 C.

(e) Heating at constant pressure to 550 C.

Find u, h, Q and W for each step, and make a table of these results.