Talent Development in Sports and Arts

Talent
Development in
Sports and Arts
Talent
Development in
Sports and Arts
Talent
Development in
Sports and Arts
Talent
Development in
Sports and Arts
Talent Development in
Sports and Arts
Report Compiled by
Njonjo K.S., Rugo A.M., and Muigei, N.C.
Institute of Economic affairs
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UNICEF and IEA-Kenya
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ii
Sports and Arts
Content Page
Tables and Figures
iv
Acknowledgements
vi
Introduction
Findings and Results of the sports survey
Findings and results of the arts survey
24
Appendix I: Sports Questionnaire
35
Appendix II: Arts Questionnaire
40
Sports and Arts
iii
Tables and Figures

List of Tables
iv
Table 1: The Age of Respondents
Table 2: Highest level of Education
Table 3: The sport played
Table 4: Age at which respondents began to play
Table 5: Level of competition participated in
Table 6: Place of skill development
Table 7: Time spent on training per week (Hrs)
Table 8: Train in private or public facility
Table 9: Cost of training per session (KShs)
10
Table 10: Advantages of training
10
Table 11: Disadvantages of training
11
Table 12: Other public facilities known to the respondent
12
Table 13: Well known coaches
13
Table 14: Importance of Medical Insurance
14
Table 15: Number with medical insurance
15
Table 16: Challenges encountered by sports people
15
Table 17: Proposals to overcome challenges stated above
16
Table 18: Extent to which this sport is developed competitively in Kenya
16
Table 19: Extent to which this sport has developed infrastructure
17
Table 20: Extent to which this sport has financial support from the government
17
Table 21: Extent to which this sport has financial support from the private sector
18
Table 22: Extent to which this sport is popular among the Kenyan public
19
Table 23: Extent to which Kenya performs well globally in this sport
19
Table 24: Does the respondent play for a club?
20
Table 25: Benefits of playing for a club
20
Table 26: Organization and type of support
21
Table 27: Have a decent livelihood from sports
22
Table 28: Average monthly income from sports
22
Sports and Arts
Table 29: % of Sports People Involved in Formal Employment
23
Table 30: Types of Formal Employment Sports People Involved in
23
Table 31: Highest Level of Education
25
Table 32: Type of Artist
25
Table 33: Other Activities Carried Out By Part-Time Artists
26
Table 34: Age when Artist began to Perform
27
Table 35: Profits Realized from the Sales made
28
Table 36: Extent to which Art is Promoted in Schools
28
Table 37: Extent to which the form of Art has private and public infrastructure
29
Table 38: Extent to which the form of Art has financial support from the government
29
Table 39: Extent to which the form of Art has financial support from the private sector 30
Table 40: Extent to which the form of Art is popular among Kenyan public
30
Table 41: Extent to which Kenya has high global ranking in this art
30
Table 42: The Artists Capacity of Performance
31
Table 43: Training school and country
31
Table 44: Time spent training in the art
31
Table 45: Available Private Training Schools
32
Table 46: Available Public Training Schools
32
Table 47: Challenges faced in the arts
33
Table 48: The average monthly income from the arts
34
List of Figures
Figure 1: Respondents by Gender
Figure 2: Age at which respondents began to play
Figure 3: Capacity of engagement
Figure 4: Where skills were developed (school & country)
Figure 5: Aware of private sector support
21
Figure 6: Age Distribution of Respondents
24
Figure 7: Gender of Respondents
24
Figure 8: Time Allocated to Art (Part Time or Full Time)
26
Figure 9: Level of Performance
27
Figure 10: Awareness of Private Sector Support
33
Sports and Arts
Acknowledgements
The IEA Kenya and UNICEF would like to thank the all the persons who filled the questionnaires
and availed the relevant documents.
Particularly we thank Mr. David H. Otieno for his technical support in analyzing the data. Special appreciation goes to Mr. Kimanzi Muthengi of UNICEF for all the helpful suggestions during
the preparation of the report.
vi
Sports and Arts
Sports and Arts
vii
viii
Sports and Arts
1 Introduction
Talent has been described by several theorists as a special innate set of skills and abilities. Some
scholars argue that it accounts for varying proportions of creativity in a person. However, raw
talent in itself is not sufficient. It needs to be developed. Components necessary for the development of that creativity include; knowledge; technical capability; personality characteristics;
work habits and an internal drive which can be influenced significantly by the social environment.
According to Amabile (2001)1, if we wish to nurture the next generation of creative scientists,
artists, writers etc, our task is first to identify children who are gifted and talented and then to
provide them with the best opportunities.
UNICEF and MOYAS assert that in Kenya, there lacks a baseline survey of institutions providing talent based services in sports and performing arts. The market value of the talent based
industry and un-tapped opportunities need to be established in order to inform the on-going
piloting of the Talent Academy.
IEA conducted a baseline survey in the sports and arts sector to establish the infrastructure available for development of talent as well as the extent nurtured talent in individuals has provided
a means of livelihood.
The data collection instrument2 was filled in by sports men and women preparing to go for the
commonwealth games as well as young swimmers representing different schools in Nairobi
from Aqua club. The second data collection instrument was filled in by various artists ranging
from dancers, story tellers, musicians, poets, comedians, actors/actresses and DJs. Access to
the target population, delays in response or no response at all were some of the field challenges
experienced in the field.
The research instruments were administered physically and electronically for wider reach to respondents who were out of physical reach to minimize on cost. Telephone conversations were
held to clarify questions and E-mails sent to give more information requested by respondents. A
formal introductory letter signed by the researcher accompanied the questionnaires. The letter
introduced the subject and the purpose of the study. At the end of administering the questionnaires, the researcher collected the questionnaires and prepared them for analysis. The findings
are presented in tables, graphs and charts in this report.
Overall findings indicate that a considerable number of people engaging in sports have secondary school education. Most sports people engage in professional sports. Their skills were
nurtured in learning institutions and further refined, mostly in-country at institutions of higher
1. Amabile, T. M. (2001). Beyond Talent. American Psychological Association, 56 (4)
2. Is annexed
Sports and Arts
learning. Time spent in practice varies but most sports people train in private institutions where
the average cost of training is Kshs. 200.00. Sports people find this expensive and desire to have
more refined public sporting institutions. A considerable number of sports people have medical insurance. The biggest challenge in sports is financial resources and government support is
seen to be below average while private sector support is seen to be considerable higher. The
Kenyan public is seen to be very supportive of sports and there is the general agreement that
Kenya performs very well globally in sports. Most sports people say that they make a decent
living out of sports but the income is understated, may be to avoid tax queries. A considerable
number of those engaged in sports are also formally employed in the private as well as well the
public sector.
Most artists have university level of education with a considerable number of them working in
art on a full time basis. The ages at which the artists began to perform and time spent rehearsing
varies considerably. Artists feel that the sector has inadequate private and public infrastructure
and very low financial support from the government and the private sector. Considerable profits
are realized from art. Most respondents also say that they can make a decent living out of art
but the earnings stated are very low, indicative of understated wages.
Sports and Arts
2 Findings and Results of the Sports Survey

2.1 Section A: Demographic Information of the Respondents
2.1.1
The Age of Respondents
Table 1: The Age of Respondents
Valid
Age
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
11 - 15
12
18.8
18.8
16 - 20
14.1
14.1
21 - 25
14
21.9
21.9
26 - 30
14.1
14.1
31 - 35
7.8
7.8
36 - 40
4.7
4.7
41 - 45
1.6
1.6
Other
11
17.2
17.2
Total
64
100.0
100.0
22% of the respondents are aged between 21 and 25 followed by 19% of those aged between
11 and 15. Those aged between 16 and 20 and those aged 26 and 30 formed 14% each of the
respondents.
2.1.2
Gender of Respondents
63.3% of the respondents were male and 36.7% or respondents were female. This could be
indicative of more men than women participating in sports.
Female 37%
Male 63%
Figure 1: Respondents by Gender

Sports and Arts
2.1.3 Highest level of Education

Table 2: Highest level of Education
Education level
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Primary
18
28.1
28.6
Secondary
31
48.4
49.2
Tertiary
9.4
9.5
University
12.5
12.7
Total
63
98.4
100.0
Missing
System
1.6
Total
64
100.0
Valid
49.2% of the responds had secondary school education while 28.6% had primary school education. Only 12.7% had university education and 9.5% had tertiary education.
2.2 Section B: About the Sport Played

2.2.1 The sport played
Table 3: The sport played
Valid
Missing
Sport
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Basketball
1.6
1.6
Swimming
24
37.5
38.1
Athletics
22
34.4
34.9
Tennis
3.1
3.2
Rugby
4.7
4.8
Other
11
17.2
17.5
Total
63
98.4
100.0
System
1.6
Total 64
100.0
38% of the respondents were swimmers, and 35% were athletes. 4.8% played rugby, 3.2%,
tennis, 1.6% Basketball and 17.5% played other sports.
Sports and Arts
2.2.2
Age at which respondents began to play
Table 4: Age at which respondents began to play
Valid
Missing
Age of Play
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
1.6
1.6
7.8
8.2
7.8
8.2
9.4
9.8
9.4
9.8
1.6
1.6
4.7
4.9
10
12.5
13.1
11
1.6
1.6
12
3.1
3.3
13
3.1
3.3
14
6.2
6.6
15
6.2
6.6
16
3.1
3.3
17
3.1
3.3
18
4.7
4.9
20
4.7
4.9
22
1.6
1.6
25
1.6
1.6
26
1.6
1.6
Total
61
95.3
100.0
System
4.7
Total 64
100.0
78.6% of all respondents began to playing the sport before the age of 15 with the majority starting at the age of 3 to 10 years as illustrated on table 4 and figure 2 .
Sports and Arts
Age began to play
9
8
Age began to play
7
6
0
0
10
15
No. of Respondents
20
25
Figure 2: Age at which respondents began to play
2.2.3 Level of competition participated in

Table 5: Level of competition participated in
Valid
Competition level
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Village / Estate
7.8
7.8
District
9.4
9.4
Provincial
14
21.9
21.9
National
13
20.3
20.3
Africa
10.9
10.9
International
19
29.7
29.7
Total
64
100.0
100.0
30% of the respondents had participated at the international level while 22% had participated
at the provincial level. 20% had participated at the national level while 11% had participated
at the Africa level of competition.
Sports and Arts
2.2.4 Capacity of engagement
Amateur 44%
Professional 56%
Figure 3: Capacity of engagement

56% of the respondents were professional sports persons whereas 44% were amateur sports
persons.
2.2.5
Where skills were developed (school & country)

Place of Skill Development
External Training 5%
Internal Training 95%
Figure 4: Where skills were developed (school & country)

95% of the respondents indicated that their skills were developed internally (in the country)
while 5% of the respondents indicated that their skills were developed externally (outside Kenya). The specific institutions are highlighted in table 7.
Sports and Arts
Table 6: Place of skill development
Internally
Externally
Aqua Kenya, Lavington
Baum Academy Mauritius
GSU training school, Kenya
University of Arizona, USA
Kenya Police College, Kiganjo

Kergung Pri. Sch.
Kipsoen Sec. Sch. Keiyo
Kosivai Sec. Sch. Nandi
Kwanthanze Sec. School Machakos
Kwanza, Kenya
Lavington Pri. Kenya
Nairobi Academy, Kenya
Nakuru, Kenya
Premier club
St. Austin, Kenya
St. Patricks Sch. Iten
Starehe boys, Kenya
Umala Pri. Sch. Siaya
University of Nairobi
HPTC
PSTC
Over 50% of skills development in Kenya is in primary and secondary schools. Training is then
enhanced in training/tertiary institutions and clubs.
2.2.6 Time spent on training per week (Hrs)

Table 7: Time spent on training per week (Hrs)
Valid
Sports and Arts
Training Time
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
10.9
11.3
6.2
6.5
4.7
4.8
3.1
3.2
10
14
21.9
22.6
11
4.7
4.8
12
14.1
14.5
13
1.6
1.6
14
4.7
4.8
15
3.1
3.2
16
1.6
1.6
18
1.6
1.6
20
3.1
3.2
25
1.6
1.6
28
4.7
4.8
30
1.6
1.6
32
1.6
1.6
35
3.1
3.2
Total
62
96.9
100.0
Missing
System
3.1
Total
64
100.0
22% of the respondents spend at least 10 hours a week in training while 15% spend at least
12 hours training. 11% spend at least 5 hours in a week training.
2.2.7 Train in private or public facility

Table 8: Train in private or public facility
Valid
Missing
Training facility
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Private
52
81.2
83.9
Public
10
15.6
16.1
Total
62
96.9
100.0
System
3.1
Total 64
100.0
Sports and Arts
84% of the respondents undertook their training in private training facilities and 16% undertook
their training in public training facilities.
2.2.8. Cost of training per session (KShs)

Table 9: Cost of training per session (KShs)
Valid
Missing
Training cost in Kshs Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
10.9
13.2
100
10.9
13.2
200
30
46.9
56.6
300
3.1
3.8
400
1.6
1.9
1,000
1.6
1.9
1,500
1.6
1.9
3,000
1.6
1.9
3,500
1.6
1.9
4,000
1.6
1.9
10,000
1.6
1.9
Total
53
82.8
100.0
System
11
17.2
64
100.0
Total
Training cost varies per session. However, about 70% of the respondents pay Kshs. 100.00 to
Kshs. 200.00 for training per session. 13.2 % do not spend anything. The most expensive training session costs an average of Kshs. 10,000.00
2.2.9 Advantages of training

Table 10: Advantages of training
Advantages
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
21
32.8
32.8
A professional coach
10
15.6
15.6
Accessible
1.6
1.6
Always open
1.6
1.6
Valid
10
Sports and Arts
Coach available
3.1
3.1
Convenient
3.1
3.1
Earn money
1.6
1.6
Encouragement from others
1.6
1.6
Flexible
3.1
3.1
Free training
1.6
1.6
Gain fame
1.6
1.6
Good facilities
9.4
9.4
Interactive experience
1.6
1.6
Keeping fit
1.6
1.6
Modern facilities
1.6
1.6
Privacy
3.1
3.1
Provides Support
1.6
1.6
Safety
9.4
9.4
Security
1.6
1.6
Training Partners
1.6
1.6
Well Equipped
1.6
1.6
Total
64
100.0
100.0
The respondents had varying answers on the advantages of training. The majority (15.6 %)
of the respondents indicated the presence of a professional coach, 9.4 % of the respondents
cited good facilities and another 9.4% cited safety as a reason.
2.2.10 Disadvantages of training

Table 11: Disadvantages of training
Disadvantages
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Valid
35
54.7
54.7
Cold Pool
3.1
3.1
Condition Not Favourable
1.6
1.6
Difficult Training
1.6
1.6
Distance
4.7
4.7
Easy Training
1.6
1.6
Sports and Arts
11
Expensive
12
18.8
18.8
Facility Not Maintained
1.6
1.6
Injuries
1.6
1.6
Lack Good Facilities
1.6
1.6
Lacks Facilities
1.6
1.6
Little Time Training
1.6
1.6
No Equipments
1.6
1.6
No Free Time
1.6
1.6
No Respect
1.6
1.6
Strict Rules
1.6
1.6
Total
64
100.0
100.0
19% of the respondents indicated that it was expensive to train whilst 4.7% of the respondents felt that the distance from the training facility was big.
2.2.11 Other public facilities known to the respondent

Table 12: Other public facilities known to the respondent
Other Facilities
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Valid
53
82.8
82.8
Kasarani Sports Centre
7.8
7.8
Kiganjo
1.6
1.6
MoW
1.6
1.6
Nyayo Stadium
4.7
4.7
Pumwani
1.6
1.6
Total
64
100.0
100.0
Public stadias provide alternative sporting facilities to sports men and women. 7.8% of the
respondents know about Kasarani Sports Centre and 4.7% know about Nyayo stadium.
12
Sports and Arts
2.2.12 Well known coaches

Table 13: Well known coaches
Amos Korir
Ben Ayimba
Felix Ochieng
Gordon Tijiens
David Letting
Julius Kirwa
Elizabeth Olaba
Lamai
Gerald Atek
James lii
Jonathan Cassacrande
Kirwa
Mike Otieno
Milka
Mrs. Raburu
Stephen Mwaniki
Omonyalla
Paddy Okello
Patrick Sang
J Chelimo
Rab
J. Kitur
Kipruto
Sospeter Maina
John Anzira
Samuel Matete
Johnson Gungu
Kibet
Omondi
Sports and Arts
13
george kariuki
John Wroe
23
Claudio
Benjamin Kemboi
brent Mcain
Isaac
Peter
12
Alex
John Odhiambo
Mr. Sally
Paul Angar
Mr. Mureithi
The most well known coaches were John Wroe and Peter.
2.2.13 Importance of Medical Insurance

Table 14: Importance of Medical Insurance
Valid
Missing
Total
Medical insurance
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Very Important
51
79.7
82.3
Important
10.9
11.3
Less Important
1.6
1.6
Not Important
4.7
4.8
Total
62
96.9
100.0
System
3.1
64
100.0
82% of the respondents said medical insurance was very important while 11% said it was important. Only 1.6% say it is less important and 4.8% indicate that it is not important.
14
Sports and Arts
2.2.14 Number with medical insurance

Table 15: Number with medical insurance
Valid
Missing
Have med. ins.
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Yes
40
62.5
65.6
No
21
32.8
34.4
Total
61
95.3
100.0
System
4.7
64
100.0
Total
66% of the respondents say they have medical insurance cover while34.4% indicated that they
do not have medical insurance cover.
2.2.15 Challenges encountered by a sports people

Table 16: Challenges encountered by sports people
Valid
Missing
Total
Challenges
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Financial
29
45.3
56.9
Training facilities
10.9
13.7
Sports Association
1.6
2.0
Government / Govt. policy 3
4.7
5.9
Coaching
4.7
5.9
Other
11.5
15.7
Total
51
79.7
100.0
System
13
20.3
64
100.0
57% of the respondents said that they encounter financial challenges while 14% said they encounter challenges of training facilities. 5.9% said that government policies posed challenges
and another 5.9% said coaching posed challenges.
Sports and Arts
15
2.2.16 Proposals to overcome challenges stated above

Table 17: Proposals to overcome challenges stated above
Overcoming challenges
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
30
46.9
46.9
Accountability
1.6
1.6
Cancel Less Important Activities
1.6
1.6
Financial Support
7.8
7.8
Free Training Facilities
1.6
1.6
Government Support
14.1
14.1
Heat Pool
3.1
3.1
Improve Facilities
1.6
1.6
Improve Management
1.6
1.6
Motivate New Sportspersons
1.6
1.6
Permanent Sponsor
9.4
9.4
Provide Free Training Equipment
3.1
3.1
Provide Health Services
1.6
1.6
Provide Quality Equipment
1.6
1.6
Stop Corruption
3.1
3.1
Total
64
100.0
100.0
Valid
14% of the respondents felt that government support would minimize some of the challenges
sports people encounter. Permanent sponsorship (9.4%) and financial support would also help
ease the challenges.
2.2.17 Extent to which this sport is developed competitively in Kenya

Table 18: Extent to which this sport is developed competitively in Kenya
Valid
16
Sports and Arts
Competitive game
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
No Extent
1.6
2.9
Small Extent
3.1
5.9
Large Extent
9.4
17.6
Very Large Extent
25
39.1
73.5
Missing
Total
34
53.1
System
30
46.9
64
100.0
Total
100.0
74% of the respondents indicated that their sport was to a very large extent well developed in
Kenya as a competitive sport while 18% felt it was only developed to a large extent
2.2.18 Extent to which this sport has developed infrastructure

Table 19: Extent to which this sport has developed infrastructure
Valid
Missing
Infrastructure
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
N/A
1.6
3.0
No Extent
1.6
3.0
Very Small Extent
7.8
15.2
Small Extent
14.1
27.3
Large Extent
6.2
12.1
Very Large Extent
13
20.3
39.4
Total
33
51.6
100.0
System
31
48.4
64
100.0
Total
An analysis of the development of the sport infrastructure revealed that 39.4% of the respondents to a very large extent agree that their sport has developed infrastructure compared to 12%
who felt that infrastructure is developed in their sport to a large extent. 27% felt that infrastructure in their sport is developed to a small extent and 15% felt that infrastructure is developed
to a very small extent.
2.2.19 Extent to which this sport has financial support from the government
Table 20: Extent to which this sport has financial support from the government
Valid
Financial support
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
N/A
4.7
9.1
No Extent
4.7
9.1
Very Small Extent
7.8
15.2
Sports and Arts
17
Missing
Small Extent
6.2
12.1
Large Extent
7.8
15.2
Very Large Extent
13
20.3
39.4
Total
33
51.6
100.0
System
31
48.4
64
100.0
Total
39% of the respondents stated that to a very large extent, their sport has financial support from
the government while 15.2% felt that their sport had financial support by the government to
a large extent. 12% felt that governments financial support was there to a small extent while
15.2% felt that governments support was there to a very small extent.
2.2.20 Extent to which this sport has financial support from the private sector
Table 21: Extent to which this sport has financial support from the private sector
Financial support private
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Valid
N/A
1.6
3.0
No Extent
12.5
24.2
Very Small Extent
3.1
6.1
Small Extent
6.2
12.1
Large Extent
1.6
3.0
Very Large Extent
17
26.6
51.5
Total
33
51.6
100.0
System
31
48.4
64
100.0
Missing
Total
52% of the respondents felt that their sport had financial support from the private sector to a
very large extent. 24% felt that the private sectors support not there and 12% felt that their support was to a small extent
18
Sports and Arts
2.2.21 Extent to which this sport is popular among the Kenyan public
Table 22: Extent to which this sport is popular among the Kenyan public
Popular sport
Valid
Missing
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
N/A
3.1
5.9
No Extent
4.7
8.8
Very Small Extent
4.7
8.8
Small Extent
3.1
5.9
Large Extent
4.7
8.8
Very Large Extent
21
32.8
61.8
Total
34
53.1
100.0
System
30
46.9
64
100.0
Total
62% of the respondents felt that their sport was popular among Kenyans to a very large extent.
2.2.22 Extent to which Kenya performs well globally in this sport

Table 23: Extent to which Kenya performs well globally in this sport
Kenya performs
Valid
Missing
Total
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
N/A
1.6
3.0
No Extent
3.1
6.1
Very Small Extent
6.2
12.1
Small Extent
3.1
6.1
Large Extent
9.4
18.2
Very Large Extent
18
28.1
54.5
Total
33
51.6
100.0
System
31
48.4
64
100.0
55% of the respondents felt that Kenya Kenya performs well globally in this sport to a very large
extent and 18% felt that Kenya performs well globally in this sport to a large extent.
Sports and Arts
19
2.2.23 Does the respondent play for a club?

Table 24: Does the respondent play for a club?
Play for club

Valid
Missing
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Yes
36
56.2
83.7
No
10.9
16.3
Total
43
67.2
100.0
System
21
32.8
64
100.0
Total
84% of the respondents play for a club while 16% do not.
2.2.24 Respondents Benefits of playing for a club

Table 25: Benefits of playing for a club
20
Benefits
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Valid
45
70.3
70.3
Available facilities
1.6
1.6
Avails training time
1.6
1.6
Encourages competition
3.1
3.1
Financial support
3.1
3.1
Good coaching
4.7
4.7
Helps players keep fit
1.6
1.6
Improves talent
1.6
1.6
Provides more training time
1.6
1.6
Nurtures talent
1.6
1.6
Peer motivation
1.6
1.6
Players encouraged
1.6
1.6
Players interact
1.6
1.6
Social development
1.6
1.6
Sponsorship
1.6
1.6
Support provided
1.6
1.6
Total
64
100.0
100.0
Sports and Arts
Benefits listed for playing for a club include: good coaching (4.7%); financial support (3.1%)
and encouraged competition (3.1%) among other reasons
2.2.25 Awareness of Private Sector Support

Private Sector Support
Yes 42%
No 58%
Figure 5: Aware of private sector support

Only 42% of those interviewed knew of private sector support in their sport while 58% did not
know of private sector support.
2.2.26 Specific Organizations Providing Support and Type of Support

Table 26: Organization and type of support
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
52
81.2
81.2
KCC (Financial Support)
3.1
3.1
Provide (Cash And Land)
1.6
1.6
Safaricom (Financial Support)
10.9
10.9
Sponsors Team
1.6
1.6
Toy World
1.6
1.6
Total
64
100.0
100.0
Valid
Organizations supporting various sports do it in cash and/or in kind. The company most recognized by respondents is Safaricom followed by Kenya cooperative creameries (KCC).
Sports and Arts
21
2.2.27 Specific Organizations Providing Support and Type of Support

Table 27: Have a decent livelihood from sports
Livelihood
Valid
Missing
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Yes
30
46.9
68.2
No
14
21.9
31.8
Total
44
68.8
100.0
System
20
31.2
64
100.0
Total
Analyzing whether sport provides a decent livelihood revealed that 68.2% agree that sport can
earn one a decent living while 31.8% did not agree that sports could earn one a decent living.
2.2.28 Average monthly income from sports

Table 28: Average monthly income from sports
Monthly income
Valid
Missing
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
0 - 5,000
22
34.4
62.9
5,001 - 10,000
6.2
11.4
10,001 - 20,000
3.1
5.7
20,000 - 50,000
4.7
8.6
50,001 - 100,000
4.7
8.6
100,000 and above
1.6
2.9
Total
35
54.7
100.0
System
29
45.3
64
100.0
Total
62.9% of the respondents earn on average a monthly income of between Kshs. 0 and Kshs.
5,000.00 while 11.4% earn a monthly income of between Kshs. 5,001.00 and Kshs. 10,000. 00.
Only 2.9% of the sports person earn some monthly income of Kshs. 100,000 and above. These
amounts however sound very low and the respondents may have under stated their income to
avoid any tax queries especially because on table 27 above a whopping 68% said they had a
decent livelihood from sports.
22
Sports and Arts
2.2.29 % of Sports People Involved in Formal Employment

Table 29: % of Sports People Involved in Formal Employment
Formal Employment
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
Yes
16
25.0
39.0
39.0
No
25
39.1
61.0
100.0
Total
41
64.1
100.0
System
23
35.9
64
100.0
Missing
Total
39% of the respondents were also formally employed while 61% were not in any form of formal
employment.
2.2.30 Types of Formal Employment Sports People Involved in

Table 30: Types of Formal Employment Sports People Involved in
Benefits
Frequency
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
56
87.5
87.5
Air Force
1.6
89.1
Banker
1.6
90.6
Business
1.6
92.2
Civil service
1.6
93.8
Community officer
1.6
95.3
Courier services
1.6
96.9
Prison warden
1.6
98.4
Swimming coach
1.6
100.0
Total
64
100.0
Sports people were also in the air force, banking, business, civil service, community work, courier services, swimming and working as prison wardens.
Sports and Arts
23
3 Findings and Results of the Arts Survey

3.1.1 Age of Respondents
Age Distribution of Respondents
36-40
6%
31-35
12%
21-25
35%
26-30
47%
Figure 6: Age Distribution of Respondents

The majority of the respondents in the art sector were 26-30 years (47%), followed by 21-25
years olds (35%) as indicated on figure 6.
3.1.2 Gender of Respondent

Gender of Respondents
Female 29%
Male 71%
Figure 7: Gender of Respondents
24
Sports and Arts
A majority of the respondents were men (71%) compared to only 29% of women.
3.1.3 Highest Level of Education

Table 31: Highest Level of Education
Education level
Valid
Missing
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Secondary
16.7
17.6
Tertiary
22.2
23.5
University
10
55.6
58.8
Total
17
94.4
100.0
System
5.6
18
100.0
Total
An analysis of the level of education of the respondents revealed that 58.8% of the artists had
university level of education, 23.5% were college graduates while 17.6% had a secondary
school certificate.

3.2.1 Type of Artist
Table 32: Type of Artist
Artist
Valid
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Story Teller
5.6
5.6
Dancer
27.8
27.8
Poet
5.6
5.6
Musician
16.7
16.7
Actor / Actress
11.1
11.1
Comedian
5.6
5.6
DJ
5.6
5.6
Other
22.2
22.2
Total
18
100.0
100.0
Majority of the respondents were dancers (27.8%), followed by musicians (16.7%), actors and
actresses (11.1%) then story tellers, poets, comedians and DJs each with 5.6% representation.
Sports and Arts
25
3.2.2 Time Allocated to Art
Time allocated to the Art
Part time 44%

Full time 56%
Figure 8: Time Allocated to Art (Part Time or Full Time)

56% of the respondents were full time artists while 44% were part-time artists.
3.2.3 Other Activities Carried Out By Part-Time Artists

Table 33: Other Activities Carried Out By Part-Time Artists
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
10
55.6
55.6
Assistant Prog. Officer -Kituo Cha Sheria
5.6
5.6
Business
5.6
5.6
Marketer
5.6
5.6
Producer
5.6
5.6
Radio and Tv Announcer
5.6
5.6
Researcher and Policy Analyst
5.6
5.6
French Translator
5.6
5.6
Volunteer
5.6
5.6
Total
18
100.0
100.0
Valid
Part-time artists also worked in NGOs, in the private sector, in the media, as volunteers and in
think tanks as indicated on table 33. Of these, 53% consider themselves formally employed and
47% consider themselves informally employed.
26
Sports and Arts
3.2.4
Age when Artist began to Perform
Table 34: Age when Artist began to Perform
Age began to perform
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Valid
5.6
5.9
5.6
5.9
11.1
11.8
10
11.1
11.8
12
11.1
11.8
13
5.6
5.9
14
5.6
5.9
15
11.1
11.8
17
5.6
5.9
18
11.1
11.8
20
5.6
5.9
24
5.6
5.9
Total
17
94.4
100.0
System
5.6
18
100.0
Missing
Total
The ages at which the artists began to perform vary. A comparable number of 11.8% each began
their performance at ages 8 years, 10 years, 12 years, 15 years and 18 years. Others (5.9% each)
began at age 3, 7, 13, 14, 17, 20 and 24.
3.2.5
Level of Performance
8
6
3
1
Provincial
National
Africa
International
Figure 9: Level of Performance

Sports and Arts
27
44% of the respondents had performed at the national level, 33% at the international level, 17%
in Africa and 6% at the provincial level. 50% of the artists had packaged or recorded their work
for sale, while another 50% had not.
3.2.6 Profits Realized from the Sales made

Table 35: Profits Realized from the Sales made
Profits
Valid
Missing
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
20,000.00
5.6
11.1
40,000.00
5.6
11.1
100,000.00
16.7
33.3
150,000.00
5.6
11.1
250,000.00
5.6
11.1
400,000.00
5.6
11.1
500,000.00
5.6
11.1
Total
50.0
100.0
System
50.0
18
100.0
Total
33.3% of the artists had realized profits of Kshs. 100,000.00. Other profits realized varied from
Kshs. 20,000.00 to Kshs. 500,000.00 as illustrated on table 36 above. Cost of recording varied
from Kshs. 7,000.00 to Kshs. 1.5 million.
3.2.7 Extent to which Art is Promoted in Schools

Table 36: Extent to which Art is Promoted in Schools
28
Art is promoted
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Valid
n/a
5.6
5.6
no extent
11.1
11.1
very small extent
11.1
11.1
small extent
16.7
16.7
large extent
22.2
22.2
very large extent
33.3
33.3
Total
18
100.0
100.0
Sports and Arts
33.3% of the respondents said that art is promoted in schools to a very large extent while 22%
felt that art is only promoted in schools to a large extent. 17% of the respondents felt that art
was promoted to a small extent, 11% to a very small extent and another 11% to no extent as
indicated in table 36.
3.2.8 Extent to which the form of Art has private and public infrastructure
Table 37: Extent to which the form of Art has private and public infrastructure
Public & private infra
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Valid
no extent
5.6
5.6
very small extent
38.9
38.9
small extent
27.8
27.8
large extent
16.7
16.7
very large extent
11.1
11.1
Total
18
100.0
100.0
39% of the respondents felt that their form of art had public and private infrastructure to a very
small extent, 28% to a small extent while 17% to a large extent as indicated on table 37.
3.2.9 Extent to which the form of Art has financial support from the government
Table 38: Extent to which the form of Art has financial support from the government
Govt. support
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
n/a
27.8
27.8
no extent
38.9
38.9
very small extent
22.2
22.2
small extent
11.1
11.1
Total
18
100.0
100.0
39% of the respondents said that government financially supported the form of art to no extent,
22% to a very small extent and 11% to a small extent.
Sports and Arts
29
3.2.10 Extent to which the form of Art has financial support from the private
sector
Table 39: Extent to which the form of Art has financial support from the private sector
Valid
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
no extent
11.1
11.1
very small extent
33.3
33.3
small extent
38.9
38.9
large extent
16.7
16.7
Total
18
100.0
100.0
39% of the respondents said that private sector financially supported the form of art to a small
extent, 33% to a very small extent and 17% to a large extent.
3.2.11 Extent to which the form of Art is popular among Kenyan public
Table 40: Extent to which the form of Art is popular among Kenyan public
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
small extent
27.8
27.8
large extent
44.4
44.4
very large extent
27.8
27.8
Total
18
100.0
100.0
44% of the respondents said that their form of art was popular among the Kenyan public to a
large extent, 28% to a small extent and another 28% to a very large extent.
3.2.12 Extent to which Kenya has high global ranking in this art
Table 41: Extent to which Kenya has high global ranking in this art
Profits
Valid
30
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
no extent
16.7
16.7
very small extent
33.3
35.3
small extent
16.7
17.6
large extent
27.8
29.4
Total
17
94.4
100.0
Sports and Arts
Missing
System
Total
5.6
18
100.0
35% of the respondents said that Kenya had a high global tanking in this art to a very small
extent, 29% to a large extent, 18% to no extent and another 18% to a small extent.
3.2.13 The Artists Capacity of Performance

Table 42: The Artists Capacity of Performance
Valid
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Professional
50.0
50.0
amateur
50.0
50.0
Total
18
100.0
100.0
50% of the artists perform as professionals and 50% perform as amateurs. About 22% of the
artists were mentored and 17% developed their talents in highschools.
3.2.14 Training schools attended by artists

Table 43: Training school and country
Training school and country

Berklee, USA
KCC, Kenya
Kenya National Theatre, Kenya
Kenya School of Adventure and Leadership
Medeva Kenya
Music Technology Academy, Kenya
Phoenix Theatre, Kenya
3.2.15 Time spent training in the art

Table 44: Time spent training in the art
Valid
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
16.7
20.0
5.6
6.7
Sports and Arts
31
Missing
11.1
13.3
10
5.6
6.7
12
22.2
26.7
30
5.6
6.7
35
11.1
13.3
40
5.6
6.7
Total
15
83.3
100.0
System
16.7
18
100.0
Total
26.7% of the artists spent on average 12 hours in training and practice, 20.0 % spent 2hours,
13.3% spent 6 hours and 35 hours in training as indicated on table 44.
3.2.16 Available Private Training Schools

Table 45: Available Private Training Schools
Available Private Training Schools

Daystar university
MEDEVA
National outward bound school
Phoenix theatre
The conservatoire
Toastmasters club
Table 45 shows the private training schools known to the artists.
3.2.17 Available Public Training Schools

Table 46: Available Public Training Schools
Available Public Training Schools

Kenya School of Adventure and Leadership
Kenyatta University
KIMC
Moi University
32
Sports and Arts
Table 46 shows the public training schools known to the artists.
3.2.18 Awareness of Private Sector Support
Yes 41%
No 59%
Figure 10: Awareness of Private Sector Support

41 of the respondents were aware of private sector support while 59% were not aware. Some
organizations specified as private sponsors of various arts include: Deliverance church; EABL;
Nation meida; PSI; Safaricom and USAID.
3.2.19 Challenges faced in the arts

Table 47: Challenges faced in the arts
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
5.6
5.6
Disrespect from elders
5.6
5.6
High production costs
5.6
5.6
Lack costumes
5.6
5.6
Lack of funds
33.3
33.3
Lack public appreciation
5.6
5.6
Lack professionals
5.6
5.6
Low audience turnout
5.6
5.6
No permanent trainer
5.6
5.6
Poor pay
22.2
22.2
Total
18
100.0
100.0
Valid
Sports and Arts
33
33% of the respondents felt that the biggest challenge in the arts sector was financial resources
followed by poor pay (22%). Other reasons included disrespect, high production costs, lack of
costumes, lack of public appreciation, lack of professionals, low audience turnout, and no permanent trainers as indicated on table 48. 33% of the respondents felt that government should
invest more in the sector while 17% wanted private sector investment. 11% would like a professional body set. Interestingly though was the fact that 78% of the respondents felt that art
provides a decent livelihood while 22% felt otherwise. Average monthly incomes varied as
indicated on table 48
Table 48: The average monthly income from the arts
34
Monthly income
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Valid
0 - 5,000
5.6
5.6
5,001 - 10,000
33.3
33.3
10,001 - 20,000
11.1
11.1
20,001 - 50,000
11.1
11.1
50,001 - 100,000
27.8
27.8
100,000 and above
11.1
11.1
Total
18
100.0
100.0
Sports and Arts
Appendix I: Sports Questionnaire

Instructions:
1. Please Check
2.
the preferred response and complete the blank spaces appropriately.
If you are filling the questionnaire online kindly check the box, right click your mouse
and select properties. Under Default values, click checked on the appropriate answer you
would like to give and click ok. Ensure that there is a tick on the check box enabled, which
you find under field settings.
3. In case you prefer to fill in the questionnaire manually, kindly check

propriate box.
or Tick
the ap-
4. If a question is not applicable to you as a respondent please write N/A on the relevant
space
Section A: Demographic Information of the Respondent

1.
Name
2.
E-mail Address
3.
Phone Number
4.
Age (tick the relevant age range)

11-15
16- 20
21-25
26-30
31-35
36-40
41-45
46-50
51-55
56-60
61-65
Other (Specify)
5.
Gender:
Male
Female
6.
Highest Level of Education

Primary
High school/ secondary
Tertiary College
University level (specify) PHD
Masters
Undergraduate
Other (Specify)
Sports and Arts
35
7.
Educational Backgound or Profession e.g Economics, Accounts etc
Section B: About the Sport You Play

8.
9.
What kind of sport do you play?

Basketball
Swimming
Athletics
Boxing
Football
Tennis
Hockey
Rugby
Golf
Auto racing
Chess
Gymnastics
Handball
Volleyball
Karate
Taekwondo
Other (Specify)
At what age did you begin /discover your talent? E.g 2 yrs
10. What levels of participation have you competed in, in this sport? Participant can check or
tick more than one
Village /Estate
Location
District level
Provincial
National
Africa
Internationally (Specify Country)
11. In what capacity do you engage with your sporting activities

Professional
Amateur (if amateur, skip question 12).
12. If you play on a professional capacity, specify where you developed your skills? (E.g.Training
school/Coaching, specify - name and location )
Name the specific training school and country where the school os located
13. How much time do you spend on average per week training? E.g. 10 hours
36
Sports and Arts
14. Do you train in a private or public facility?

Private (Specify which one and how much it costs in Kshs. per training session)
Public (Specify which one and how much it costs in Kshs. per training session)
15. What are the advantages and disadvantages of training in that (Refering to Qs. 14) facility?
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
a.
a.
b.
b.
16. List other training facilities you know of in your sport

Private:
Public:
a.
a.
b.
b.
17. Who are the 2 (two) well known coaches in the sport you play
a.
b.
18. How is medical insurance important for you as a sports man?

Very Important
Important
Less Important
Indifferent
Not Important
19. Do you have medical insurance
Yes
No
20. What are the challenges you encounter as a sportsperson (the respondent can tick/check
more than one answer)
Financial
Training Facilities
Sports Association
Government & /or Government policy
Coaching
Other
Sports and Arts
37
21. What can be done to overcome the challeges you encounter (Refering to Qs. 18) in your
sport?
a.
b.
22. In order to measure the success of this sport in Kenya, kindly indicate to what extent:
Very Large
Extent
Large
Extent
Small
Extent
Very small
Extent
No Extent
This sport is developed as a competitive game e.g. in schools or for

competition in national, regional
and global events?
This sport has developed
infrastructure (such as training
facilities) countrywide?
This sport has financial support
from the government?
This sport has financial support
from private sector?
This sport is popular among the
Kenyan public?
Kenya perfoms well globally in
this sport
23. Do you play for a club? / Are you a member of a sports club?
Yes
(Specify which one)
No
24. What are the benefits of playing for a club / being a member of a sports club?
a.
b.
38
Sports and Arts
N/A
25. Are you aware of any private sector support to your sport?
Yes (Specify organization and type of support i.e. cash or in kind and estimated
amounts or items donated in the last 2 years.)
No
26. Can one manage to have a decent livelihood from exclusively playing this sport?
Yes
No
27. What is your average monthly income (indicate in Kshs.) from playing that sport?
0-5000
5001-10,000
15,001-20,000
20,001-50,000
50,001-100,000
100,000 and above
28. Are you involved in formal/informal employment alongside your sport?

Yes (Specify type (formal or informal) and what you do e.g. banker, business person/
where you work etc)
No
Sports and Arts
39
Appendix II: Arts Questionnaire

Instructions:
1. Please Check
the preferred response and complete the blank spaces appropriately.
2. If you are filling the questionnaire online kindly check the box, right click your mouse
and select properties. Under Default values, click checked on the appropriate answer
you would like to give and click ok. Ensure that there is a tick on the check box enabled,
which you find under field settings.
3. In case you prefer to fill in the questionnaire manually, kindly check
appropriate box.
or Tick
the
4. If a question is not applicable to you as a respondent please write N/A on the relevant
space
Section A: Demographic Information of the Respondent

1.
Name
2.
E-mail Address
3.
Phone Number
4.
Age (tick the relevant age range)

11-15
16- 20
21-25
26-30
31-35
36-40
41-45
46-50
51-55
56-60
61-65
Other (Specify)
5.
Gender:
Male
Female
6.
Highest Level of Education

Primary
High school/ secondary
Tertiary College
University level (specify) PHD
Other (Specify)
40
Sports and Arts
Masters
Undergraduate
Section B: About Your Art

7.
What kind of artiste are you?

Storyteller
Visual Artist
Dancer
Musician
Actor/Actress
Comedian
Poet
Dj
Artist (Specify e.g. painter, photographer)

Other (Specify)
8.
Are you a full time or a part time artist?

Fulltime
Part-time (If part time what else do you do ? )
9.
Where do you perform ?

TV
Radio
Theatre
Clubs
International festivals and organized events

10. At what age did you begin /discover your talent? E.g. 2 yrs
11. Of the following levels which ones best describe your coverage in regards to performance
?
Village /Estate
Location
District level
Provincial
National
Africa
Internationally (Specify Country)

12. Have you packaged your work/recorded to sell to a wider audience in the past?
No
Yes
a)
If yes what have been the average profit realized?
b)
How much did it cost to packaged your work/record ?
Sports and Arts
41
13. In order to measure extent to which this form of art has developed in Kenya, indicate to
what extent:
Very Large
Extent
Large
Extent
Small
Extent
Very small
Extent
No Extent
This form of art is promoted in

schools through extra curricular
activities e.g. Music Festivals
This form of art has Private &
Public infrastruture countrywide
(such as social halls and theatre
halls)
This form of art has financial support from the government?
This form of art has financial support from the private sector?
This form of art is popular among
the Kenyan public
Kenya has a high global ranking in
this form of art
14. How would you categorize your performance?

Professional (specify where you developed your skills, below)
Name specific training school and country where the school is located
Amateur (specify how you developed your skills, below)

Name specific mentor(s)
42
Sports and Arts
N/A
15. List other formal training facilities /schools you know in your form of art
Private:
a.
Public:
a.
b.
b.
16. How much time do you spend on average per week rehersing? E.g. 10 hours
17. Are you aware of any private sector support to your form of art ?
Yes (Specify organization and type of support i.e. cash or in kind and estimated
amounts or items donated in the last 2 years.)
No
18. What are the challenges you face in your area of entertainment?
a.
b.
19. What can be done to overcome the challenges you encounter in your form of art?
a.
b.
20. Can one manage to have a decent livelihood from exclusively engaging in your form of art?
Yes
No
21. What is your average monthly income (indicate in Kshs.) from your performances?
0-5000
5001-10,000
15,001-20,000
20,001-50,000
50,001-100,000
100,000 and above

Sports and Arts
43
44
Sports and Arts

Talent Development in Sports and Arts

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Talent Development in Sports and Arts

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Talent

UNICEF and IEA-Kenya

Design and Layout,

Findings and Results of the sports survey

Findings and results of the arts survey

Appendix I: Sports Questionnaire

Appendix II: Arts Questionnaire

Tables and Figures

Table 1: The Age of Respondents

Table 2: Highest level of Education

Table 3: The sport played

Table 4: Age at which respondents began to play

Table 5: Level of competition participated in

Table 6: Place of skill development

Table 7: Time spent on training per week (Hrs)

Table 8: Train in private or public facility

Table 9: Cost of training per session (KShs)

Table 10: Advantages of training

Table 11: Disadvantages of training

Table 12: Other public facilities known to the respondent

Table 13: Well known coaches

Table 14: Importance of Medical Insurance

Table 15: Number with medical insurance

Table 16: Challenges encountered by sports people

Table 17: Proposals to overcome challenges stated above

Table 18: Extent to which this sport is developed competitively in Kenya

Table 19: Extent to which this sport has developed infrastructure

Table 24: Does the respondent play for a club?

Table 25: Benefits of playing for a club

Table 26: Organization and type of support

Table 27: Have a decent livelihood from sports

Table 28: Average monthly income from sports

Table 29: % of Sports People Involved in Formal Employment

Table 30: Types of Formal Employment Sports People Involved in

Table 31: Highest Level of Education

Table 32: Type of Artist

Table 33: Other Activities Carried Out By Part-Time Artists

Table 34: Age when Artist began to Perform

Table 35: Profits Realized from the Sales made

Table 36: Extent to which Art is Promoted in Schools

Table 42: The Artists Capacity of Performance

Table 43: Training school and country

Table 44: Time spent training in the art

Table 45: Available Private Training Schools

Table 46: Available Public Training Schools

Table 47: Challenges faced in the arts

Table 48: The average monthly income from the arts

Figure 2: Age at which respondents began to play

Figure 3: Capacity of engagement

Figure 4: Where skills were developed (school & country)

Figure 5: Aware of private sector support

Figure 6: Age Distribution of Respondents

Figure 7: Gender of Respondents

Figure 8: Time Allocated to Art (Part Time or Full Time)

Figure 9: Level of Performance

Figure 10: Awareness of Private Sector Support

2 Findings and Results of the Sports Survey

The Age of Respondents

Table 1: The Age of Respondents

Figure 1: Respondents by Gender

2.1.3 Highest level of Education

2.2 Section B: About the Sport Played

Age at which respondents began to play

Table 4: Age at which respondents began to play