DIOCTYL PHTHALATE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO 117-81-7

EINECS NO. 204-211-0
FORMULA C6H4(COOC8H17)2
MOL WT.
390.56
H.S. CODE 2917.32.0000
UN NO. 3082
TOXICITY Oral rat LD50: 30 gm/kg
SYNONYMS Di-sec-octyl phthalate; DOP;
Bis(2-Etheylexyl) Phthalate; Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate; Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl)
ester; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester; Octoil; Ethyl hexyl phthalate; 2-Ethylhexyl
phthalate; Di-sec-octyl phthalate; DEHP; Octyl phthalate; phthalic acid dioctyl ester; BEHP; Other
RN: 8033-53-2, 40120-69-2, 50885-87-5, 109630-52-6, 126639-29-0, 137718-37-7, 205180-59-2, 275818-89-
8, 607374-50-5
SMILES c1(c(C(OC[C@@H](CCCC)CC)=O)cccc1)C(OC[C@@H](CCCC)CC)=O
CLASSIFICATION Plasticizer, Acaricide
EXTRA NOTES An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is
used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE clear liquid, slight odor
MELTING POINT -50 C
BOILING POINT 384 C
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 0.986
SOLUBILITY IN WATER
Insoluble (0.27mg/l)
SOLVENT SOLUBILITY
pH
VAPOR DENSITY 13.5
log Pow 7.6 (Octanol-water)
VAPOR PRESSURE 1.42E-07 (mmHg)
HENRY LAW CONSTANT 2.70E-07 (atm-m3/mole at 25 C)
OH RATE CONSTANT 2.20E-11 (cm3/molecule-sec at 25 C Atmospheric)
NFPA RATINGS Health: 1; Flammability: 1; Reactivity: 0
REFRACTIVE INDEX
FLASH POINT 109 C
STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions
EXTERNAL LINKS & GENERAL DESCRIPTION
http://www.dehp-facts.com/
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most cost effective and widely available general
purpose plasticisers. It is used mainly for making PVC soft and pliable and it accounts for around 15%
of all plasticiser usage in Western Europe . DEHP (CAS No [117-81-7]) is also known as di-octyl
phthalate (DOP). It is the phthalate ester of the alcohol 2-ethyl hexanol, which is normally
manufactured by the dimerisation of butyraldehyde, the butyraldehyde itself being synthesised
from propylene. DEHP is a plasticiser which offers a good all-round performance and is therefore
used for a great many cost-effective, general purpose products including building material such as
flooring, cables, profiles and roof membranes, as well as medical products such as blood bags and
dialysis equipment. DEHP possesses reasonable plasticising efficiency, fusion rate and viscosity (of
great importance for plastisol applications). The content of DEHP in flexible polymer materials varies
but is often around 30% (w/w). Production process: All manufacturers of phthalate esters use similar
processes. DEHP is produced by the esterfication of phthalic anhydride with 2-ethyl-hexanol. This
reaction occurs in two successive steps. The first reaction step results in the formation of monoester
by alcoholysis of phthalic acid. This step is rapid and proceeds to completion. The second step
involves the conversion of the monoester to the di-ester. This is a reversible reaction and proceeds
more slowly than the first. To shift the equilibrium towards the di-ester, the reaction water is removed
by distillation. Elevated temperatures and a catalyst accelerate the reaction rate. Depending on
the catalyst used, the temperature in the second step varies from 140C to 165C with acid catalysts
and from 200C to 250C with amphoteric catalysts. Variations in purity may occur depending on
catalyst, reactant alcohol and process type. Excess alcohol is recovered and recycled and DEHP is
purified by vacuum distillation and/or activated charcoal. The reaction sequence is performed in a
closed system. This process can be run continuously or batchwise.
Local: Phthalates are by far the most widely used plasticisers, primarily to make soft and flexible
polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for the applications in the industry of automotive, building & construction
material, cable, flooring, medical device and toys. Phthalates make the long polyvinyl molecules to
slide against one another. Minor quantity of phthalates are used in adhesives, caulk, sealants, paint
to improve work performance. Small molecule phthalates are used as solvents in perfumes to
provide longer linger longer and in nail polish to prevent chipping. They are also used as ingredients
of insect repellents, as solvents in lacquer and pesticides, and as dye carrier. They are used as textile
lubricating agents and as solid rocket propellents. Phthalates are produced by the reaction of
phthalic anhydride with appropriate alcohols from methanol up to isodecanol (C13), either as a
straight chain or with some branched in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid as a catalyst.
Excess alcohols are recovered and recycled and phthalates are purified by vacuum distillation
and/or activated charcoal. A wide range of phthalates of varying chain length and structure
provides each adequate properties and cost-effective for various processing and mechanical
requirements. C8 - C9 phthalates, such as di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP or called DOP),
diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) and diisononyl phthalate (DINP) are the most widely used general
purpose phthalates. DOP is the dominant plasticizer used in PVC, providing low cost. Short chain
phthalates (C3 - C7) are used when rapid setting and stain resistance is required. 2-Ethyl hexanol,
produced by the dimerisation of butyraldehyde obtained from propylene, is cheaper than isononyl
alcohol which are prepared by the carbonylation of an olefin. Long chain phthalates (C11 - C13)
are used when high temperature stability is required. C1 and C2 phthalates are used as solvents.
Special phthalates which contain aromatic ring in the side chain are used when fast-fused is
required. Diallyl phthalate is used as a crosslinking agent, plasticizer or dying carrier for polyesters.
Examples of common phthalates include:
Plasticizer CAS # FORMULA & Mol weight
Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) 131-11-3 C6H4(COOCH3)2 194.19
Diethyl phthalate (DEP) 84-66-2 C6H4(COOC2H5)2 222.24
Diallyl Phthalate (DAP) 131-17-9 C6H4(COOCH2CH=CH2)2 246.26
Di-n-propyl phthalate (DPP) 131-16-8 C6H4(COOCH2CH2CH3)2 250.29
Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) 84-74-2 C6H4[COO(CH2)3CH3]2 278.35
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) 84-69-5 C6H4[COOCH2CH(CH3)2]2 278.35
Butyl cyclohexyl phthalate (BCP) 84-64-0 CH3(CH2)3OOCC6H4COOC6H11 304.39
Di-n-pentyl phthalate (DNPP) 131-18-0 C6H4[COO(CH2)4CH3]2 306.40
Dicyclohexyl Phthalate (DCP) 84-61-7 C6H4(COOC6H11)2 330.42
Butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) 85-68-7 CH3(CH2)3OOCC6H4COOCH2C6H5 312.36
Di-n--hexyl phthalate (DNHP) 84-75-3 C6H4[COO(CH2)5CH3]2 334.45
Diisohexyl phthalate (DIHxP) 146-50-9 C6H4[COOCH2CH(CH3)4]2 334.45
Diisoheptyl phthalate (DIHpP) 41451-28-9 C6H4[COOCH2CH(CH3)5]2 362.51
Butyl decyl phthalate (BDP) 89-19-0 CH3(CH2)3OOCC6H4COO(CH2)9CH3362.51
mixture of C7 - C11 alkyl esters 39393-37-8
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP or
DOP)
117-81-7 C6H4[COOCH2CH(C2H5)(CH2)3CH3]2390.56
Di(n-octyl) Phthalate (DNOP) 117-84-0 C6H4[COO(CH2)7CH3]2 390.56
Diisooctyl phthalate (DIOP) 27554-26-3 C6H4[COOCH2CH(CH3)6]2 390.56
mixture of C8 - C10 branched alkyl
esters (C9 rich)
68515-48-0 C6H4(COOC9H19)2 418.62
n-Octyl n-decyl phthalate (ODP) 119-07-3 CH3(CH2)7OOCC6H4COO(CH2)9CH3418.62
Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) 28553-12-0 C6H4(COOCH2CH(CH3)7)2 418.62
Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) 26761-40-0 C6H4(COOCH2CH(CH3)9)2 446.67
mixture of C9 - C11 branched alkyl
esters (C10 rich)
68515-49-1 C6H4(COOC10H21)2 446.67
Diundecyl phthalate (DUP) 3648-20-2 C6H4[COO(CH2)10CH3]2 474.72
Diisoundecyl phthalate (DIUP) 85507-79-5 C6H4[COOCH2CH(CH2)9]2 474.72
Ditridecyl phthalate (DTDP) 119-06-2 C6H4[COO(CH2)12CH3]2 530.83
Diisotridecyl phthalate (DITCP) 68515-47-9 C6H4[COOCH2CH(CH2)11]2 530.83
DOP (Di-sec-Octylphthalate) is the most widely used general purpose plasticizer for the
manufacture of flexible plastics (especially with PVC). It is insoluble in water and has a good stability
to heat and ultraviolet light, a broad range of compatibility, and excellent resistance to hydrolysis. It
is used in PVC, polyvinyl acetate, rubbers, cellulose plastics and polyurethane. End application
include PVC floorings and wall coverings, expanded leather, PVC foams, films, sealing and
adhesive systems based on polyurethane or polysulphide, PVAc based adhesives and paint binders.
SALES SPECIFICATION
APPEARANCE clear liquid
ESTER CONTENT 99.6% min [GC]
REFRACTIVE INDEX 1.485 0.003 at 20 C [ASTM D1045]
COLOR 30max , Pt/Co scale [ASTM D1045]
DENSITY 0.986 0.003 g/cm
3
[ASTM D1045]
WATER 0.05% max [ASTM D1364]
HEATING LOSS 0.1% max
VOLUME RESISTIVITY 2 x 10" ohm/cm [ASTM D1169]
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 200kgs in drum, bulk
HAZARD CLASS
UN NO. 3082