MI NI STERE DE LENSEI GNEMENT SUPERI EUR

ET DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE
Universit de la Formation Continue
Vice Rectorat de Pdagogie
Sous Direction de lEnseignement Distance
Module: Anglais
2
me
Anne : 2
me
envoi
DROIT DES AFFAIRES
Enseignante : Belkharchouche Malika
C: Tout Droit Rserv.
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COURSE 01:
I. Syntax:
The comparative forms are three kinds :
1. Comparatives of superiority:
* We use ....er for short words (adjectives and adverbs)
E.g. cheap cheaper
Tall taller
Fast faster
* We use more for longer words (adjectives and adverbs)
E.g. more serious more expensive more comfortable
* We use than after comparatives
Examples:
- You are older than me.
- The new car is faster than the old one.
- The first exercise is more difficult than the second.
* Some adjectives and adverbs have irregular comparative forms:
Good / well better
Bad / badly worse
Far farther or further
Examples:
- I feel better than yesterday.
- The university is farther than I thought.
Exercise: Give the comparative of the following words:
Productive interesting lucky happy weak stable quick good cold
high important spicy faithful
II. Reading Comprehension and Lexis:
Drilling for Oil
Before oil is extracted, its exact position must be located with precision. This technical
operation is called exploration. There are many stages in this operation. First, an area is
chosen because of its geological interest. Then, an aerial survey is made with the help of a
plane. After that, a detailed geological study of the area is conducted. Rocks are extracted
and analyzed in a laboratory. Next, if this study shows that the area contains oil, an
exploration well is made to find out if enough oil exists there. Finally, the decision to drill
an oil well is made.
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Practice:
I. Answer the following questions:
1. What is the first step in drilling an oil well?
2. After choosing the area, what is the next operation?
3. How is the geological study of the area made?
II. Notice the use of the underlined words and expressions in the text. They are adverbs of
sequence: first, then, next, after that, later, finally, in the end.They are used to give
things in the order they happen.
* Write a very short paragraph about what you do in an ordinary day using these adverbs
of sequence.
COURSE 02:
I. Syntax:
2. Comparatives of inferiority:
We use less..than with all words (short or long):
Less quick less important less happy less interesting
Examples:
- This film is less interesting than the first one.
- My car is less quick than yours.
2. Comparatives of equality:
We use asas for comparatives of equality.
Examples:
- Today is as cold as yesterday. (both today and yesterday are cold)
- The motorcycle is as quick as the car. (both are quick)
Exercise: Complete the sentences using as..as
1. I am sorry, I am late. I got here . I could (fast)
2. How long can I stay with you?, you can stay you like (long)
3. I need the information quickly, so please let me know ..possible (soon)
4. I am going to sleep on the floor. It is .sleeping in that old bed (hard)
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II. Reading Comprehension and Lexis:
Superstition
Although the United States has become an advanced technological country, many
old-fashioned superstitions still remain. When walking down a street in New York City
past ingeniously built skyscrapers, you might see a sophisticated New Yorker walk around
instead of under a ladder. Of course he or she knows that walking under a ladder brings
bad luck. Again, when a black cat wanders in the street, some people would cross to the
other side of the street to avoid letting a black cat cross their paths. It is true that most
buildings in the United States do not have a thirteenth floor and many theatres do not have
a thirteenth row. A lot of people know that thirteen is an unlucky number.
Practice:
I. Answer the following questions:
1. Why do people avoid a black cat?
2. Do you believe in superstition?
3. Can you cite some superstitious examples you know?
II. Give synonyms or synonymous expressions of the underlined words in the text.
COURSE 03:
I. Syntax:
The superlative form:
The superlative form is ..est or most
1. We use ..est for short words and mostfor longer words.
E.g. long longest hard hardest quick quickest
Most famous most difficult most expensive
2. We use the before a superlative, we say:
The longest the most expensive
Examples:
- That mosque is the oldest in the town.
- Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
- Sam is the most intelligent student in the class.
3. These adjectives have irregular superlative forms:
-Good the best - bad the worst - far the farthest / the furthest
E.g. This is the best film I have ever seen.
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Exercise: Complete the sentences using a superlative (est or most), the
first example is done for you:
- It is a very nice room. It is the nicest in the hotel.
1. It is a very cheap restaurant. It is in the town.
2. It was a very happy day. It was of my life.
3. She is a very intelligent student. She is . in the class.
4. He is a very dangerous criminal. He is .. in the country.
5. She is a very famous star. She is in Hollywood.
II. Reading Comprehension and Lexis:
Pesticides
One of the reasons the use of pesticides in farming should be severely restricted and
controlled is that pesticides kill good and bad insects indiscriminately. But some
insects are actually beneficial to farmers. By spraying their fields with toxic pesticides,
they destroy the good with the bad. One example of a useful insect is the honeybee. In the
United States, nearly 100 crops with a farm value of $ 1 billion annually depend on the
honeybee for pollination because of higher and better-quality yields. However, honeybees
gather poison as they forage for pollen. As a result, they are being exterminated, and
scientists predict that their number will continue to decline.
However, the population of the world is continuing to increase and higher food
production is becoming a global priority. Farmers agree that honeybees are the most
efficient way to pollinate their crops. Yet with their use of pesticides, they are surely
eliminating their best friends.
Practice:
I. Answer the following questions:
1. What are pesticides?
2. Why are pesticides dangerous in farming?
3. Why are honeybees beneficial in farming?
4. Give another title to the text.
II. Rewrite the underlined sentences in the text into the passive.