ONLINE ASSIGNMENT

EDU O 9: THEORETICAL BASE OF PHYSICAL

SCIENCE EDUCATION II


TOPIC: LIBRARY, SCHOOL LIBRARY, CLASS LIBRARY.




SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
SALINI MANOJ
Date: 24 -09 -14 ANILA S PILLAI
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
REG. NO. 13373003







INDEX





SL NO.

CONTENT

PAGE NO.
1 INTRODUCTION 1
2 SCHOOL LIBRARY 2
3 HISTORY OF SCHOOL LIBRARY 2
4 PURPOSE OF SCHOOL LYBRARY 3
5 STAFFING OF SCHOOL LIBRARY 4
6
7
8
9
NEED FOR COLLABORATION
CLASS LIBRARY
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
5
6
7
8





INTRODUCTION

A library is an organized collection of sources of
information and similar resources, made accessible to a defined community for
reference or borrowing. It provides physical or digital access to material, and may
be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both. A library's collection
can include books, periodicals, newspapers, manuscripts, films, maps, prints,
documents, microform, CDs, cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs, e-books,
audio books, databases, and other formats. Libraries range in size from a few
shelves of books to several million items.
The first libraries consisted of archives of the earliest
form of writing the clay tablets in cuneiform script discovered in Sumer, some
dating back to 2600 BC. Private or personal libraries made up of written books
appeared in classical Greece in the 5th century BC. In the 6th century, at the very
close of the Classical period, the great libraries of the Mediterranean world
remained those of Constantinople and Alexandria.
A library is organized for use and maintained by a public
body, an institution, a corporation, or a private individual. Public and institutional
collections and services may be intended for use by people who choose not to or
cannot afford to purchase an extensive collection themselves, who need material
no individual can reasonably be expected to have, or who require professional
assistance with their research. In addition to providing materials, libraries also
provide the services of librarians who are experts at finding and organizing
information and at interpreting information needs. Libraries often provide quiet
areas for studying, and they also often offer common areas to facilitate group study
and collaboration. Libraries often provide public facilities for access to their
electronic resources and the Internet. Modern libraries are increasingly being
redefined as places to get unrestricted access to information in many formats and
from many sources. They are extending services beyond the physical walls of a
building, by providing material accessible by electronic means, and by providing
the assistance of librarians in navigating and analyzing very large amounts of
information with a variety of digital tools.


SCHOOL LIBRARY
A school library is a library within a school
where students, staff, and often, parents of a public or private school have access to
a variety of resources. The goal of the school library media center is to ensure that
all members of the school community have equitable access "to books and reading,
to information, and to information technology." A school library media center
"uses all types of media is automated, and utilizes the Internet for information
gathering." School libraries are distinct from public libraries because they serve as
"learner-oriented laboratories which support, extend, and individualize the school's
curriculum. A school library serves as the center and coordinating agency for all
material used in the school.

Researchers have demonstrated that school libraries
have a positive impact on student achievement.

HISTORY OF SCHOOL LIBRARY
The later part of the 19th century marked the
beginning of the modern American library movement with the creation of the
American Library Association (ALA) in 1876 by a group of librarians led by
Melville Dewey. At these beginning stages of development, the school libraries
were primarily made up of small collections with the school librarian playing
primarily a clerical role.
Dewey wrote that "a broad conception at the
end of the century of the work of the schools is simply this, to teach the children to
think accurately, with strength and with speed. If it is in the school that they get
their start, then where do they get their education?"

1920 marked the first effort by the library and education communities to evaluate
school libraries with the publication of the Certain Report, which provided the first
yardstick for evaluating school libraries.

School libraries experienced another major
push following the launch of Sputnik in 1957, which forced the United States to re-
evaluate its priorities for math and science education. As a result, the 1960s were
one of the greatest periods of growth and development for school libraries due to
an increased flow of money and support from the private sector and public funding
for education. Most notable during this time was the Knapp School Libraries
Project

which established model school library media centers across the country.
Hundreds of new school libraries were expanded and renovated during this time.
Most recently, school libraries have been defined by three major guidelines
documents: Information Power (1988) and Information Power II (1998).
Globally important mission statement is the UNICCO School library Manifesto,
which states: "The school library provides information and ideas that are
fundamental to functioning successfully in todays information and knowledge-
based society. The school library equips students with life-long learning skills and
develops the imagination, enabling them to live as responsible citizens.

THE PURPOSE OF SCHOOL LIBRARY

The school library exists to provide a range of learning
opportunities for both large and small groups as well as individuals with a focus on
intellectual content, information literacy, and the learner. In addition to classroom
visits with collaborating teachers, the school library also serves as a place for
students to do independent work, use computers, equipment and research
materials; to host special events such as author visits and book clubs; and for
tutoring and testing.
School libraries function as a central location for all of
the information available, and a school librarian functions as the literary map to the
resources and materials found within the library.
A school library functions as an opportunity for
educators to work with librarians in support of a resource center for the students to
be able to safely access the internet for both school work and interacting with each
other. The school library media center program is a collaborative venture in which
school library media specialists, teachers, and administrators work together to
provide opportunities for the social, cultural, and educational growth of students.
Activities that are part of the school library media program can take place in the
school library media center, the laboratory classroom, through the school, and via
the school library's online resources.


STAFFING OF SCHOOL LIBRARY
In many schools, school libraries are staffed by librarians,
teacher-librarians, or school library media specialists or media coordinators who
hold a specific library science degree. In some jurisdictions, school librarians are
required to have specific certification and or a teaching certificate.
The school librarian performs four leadership main roles:
teacher, instructional partner, information specialist, and program administrator. In
the teacher role, the school librarian develops and implements curricula relating to
information literacy and inquiry. School librarians may read to children, assist
them in selecting books, and assist with schoolwork. Some school librarians see
classes on a "flexible schedule". A flexible schedule means that rather than having
students come to the library for instruction at a fixed time every week, the
classroom teacher schedules library time when library skills or materials are
needed as part of the classroom learning experience.
In the instructional partner role, school librarians
collaborate with classroom teachers to create independent learners by fostering
students' research, information literacy, technology, and critical thinking skills.
As information specialists, school librarians develop a
resource base for the school by using the curriculum and student interests to
identify and obtain library materials, organize and maintain the library collection in
order to promote independent reading and lifelong learning. Materials in the library
collection can be located using an Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC). Often
these catalogs are web-based from which students can gain access both at school
and from home.
This role also encompasses many activities relating to
technology including the integration of resources in a variety of formats: periodical
databases; Web sites; digital video segments; podcasts; blog and wiki content;
digital images; virtual classrooms, etc. School librarians are often responsible for
audio-visual equipment and are sometimes in charge of school computers and
computer networks.
Many school librarians also perform clerical duties. They
handle the circulating and cataloging of materials, facilitate interlibrary loans,
shelve materials, perform inventory, etc.
THE NEED FOR COLLABORATION
Collaboration is important among school
librarians, teachers, and parents. Harvey, a school librarian, emphasizes that it isnt
enough to just coexist in the same community, but to ensure that communication is
ongoing during the school year. Exposure to another perspective or outlook can
lead to strong, thought-provoking discussions, ideas, and activities and Harvey
points out that by working together as educators, teacher librarians and classroom
teachers can learn from each other. There is a need to create a culture where
collaboration is the foundation for how our schools work and operate. School
librarians can take the lead by modeling this behavior as they work with teachers to
ensure communication is ongoing during the school year.
There is value for schools offering the ability
for an e-book lending system. Wheeler Books, a leading supplier of books to
schools and libraries, has created an e Platform that provides schools and libraries
the ability to lend out e-books in a secure manner. It also allows users to load other
material onto their computers or mobile devices, such as the teacher's notes. In an
article supporting e-lending systems in schools, Temple argues that they add value,
stating Students may no longer have to carry around the same volume of paper
based materials it could completely change the way a student works.
CLASS LIBRARY
In object oriented programming, a class
library is a collection of pre written classes or coded templates, any of which can
be specified and used by a programmer when developing an application
programme. The programmer specifies which classes are being used and
furnishes data that instantiates each class as an object that can be called when
the programme is executed .Access to and use of a class library greatly simplifies
the job of the programmer. Since standard, pretested code is available that the
programmer doesnt have to write.
As a class library is analogous to a
subroutine library in earlier, procedural programming.

Recent studies on literacy confirm what educators have known for years: the more
contact children have with books, the better readers they become. Teachers can
promote better reading performance by reading to children daily and by having
they interact with books through the extensive use of classroom libraries. This
paper outlines some of the most recent research on classroom libraries and gives
specific ideas on how to apply these important findings in the classroom.
CONCLUSION
Libraries are collections of books and other media.
A library plays a very important role in promoting the progress of knowledge.
There are many who love reading. But they cant afford to buy books because the
prices of books are very high. So when one becomes a member of a library, he can
borrow valuable books and return them by their due date. Librarians support the
general requirement of the library like acquisition, cataloguing, circulation.
Librarians need to have all detailed information about students and books. They
need to keep a track on the how many books are available in library and books
issued to the students and also book lost in library. This is a really tedious task.
Management of a library is a tedious task. It not only involves storing a lot many
books for the readers but keeping a track on these books such as taking care of
things like- to whom books are being issued, whether these books have been
returned or not or whether books have been returned on time or not.



REFERENCE
1. www.wikipedia.org
2. http://www.google.com/xhtml?q=Library&client=ms-opera-
Mb-channel=bh