Types of press tools

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Press tools are commonly used in hydraulic, pneumatic, and mechanical presses to produce
components at high volumes. Generally press tools are categorized by the types of operation
performed using the tool, such as blanking, piercing, bending, forming, forging, trimming etc.
The press tool will also be specified as a blanking tool, piercing tool, bending tool etc.
[1]

Contents
1 Classification of press tools
o 1.1 Blanking tool
o 1.2 Piercing Tool
o 1.3 Cut off tool
o 1.4 Parting off tool
o 1.5 Trimming tool
o 1.6 Shaving tool
o 1.7 Bending tool
o 1.8 Forming tool
o 1.9 Drawing tool
o 1.10 Progressive tool
o 1.11 Compound tool
o 1.12 Combination tool
o 1.13 General Press tool Construction
o 1.14 Cutting force in Press tool
o 1.15 Stripping Force
o 1.16 Press Force
o 1.17 Fits in Press Tools
2 References
Classification of press tools
Blanking tool

Blanking Tool
When a component is produced with one single punch and die where the entire outer
profile is cut in a single stroke the tool is called a blanking tool.
Blanking is the operation of cutting flat shapes from sheet metal.
The outer area of metal remaining after a blanking operation is generally discarded as
waste.
Size of blank or product is the size of the die & clearance is given on punch.
It is a metal cutting operation.
Piercing Tool

Piercing tool
Piercing involves cutting of clean holes with a resulting scrap slug. The operation is called
die cutting and can also produce flat components where the die, the shaped tool, is pressed
into a sheet material employing a shearing action to cut holes. This method can be used to cut
parts of different sizes and shapes in sheet metal, leather and many other materials.
Cut off tool

Cutoff tool
Cut off operations are those in which a strip of suitable width is cut to length in a single
operation. Cut-off tools can produce many parts. The required length of strip can be cut off
for bending and forming operations using this tool.
Parting off tool
Partings are similar, in that a discrete part is cut from a sheet or strip of metal along a desired
geometric path. The difference between a cutoff and a parting is that a cutoff can be nestled
perfectly on the sheet metal, due to its geometry. With cutoffs, the cutting of sheet metal can
be done over one path at a time and there is practically no waste of material. With partings,
the shape can not be nestled precisely. Partings involve cutting the sheet metal along two
paths simultaneously. Partings waste a certain amount of material, that can be significant.
Trimming tool
When cups and shells are drawn from flat sheet metal the edge is left wavy and irregular, due
to uneven flow of metal. This irregular edge is trimmed in a trimming die. Shown is flanged
shell, as well as the trimmed ring removed from around the edge. While a small amount of
Material is removed from the side of a component in trimming tool.

Trimming Tool
Shaving tool
Shaving removes a small amount of material around the edges of a previously blanked
stampings or piercing. A straight, smooth edge is provided and therefore shaving is
frequently performed on instrument parts, watch and clock parts and the like. Shaving is
accomplished in shaving tools especially designed for the purpose.
Bending tool
Bending tools apply simple bends to stampings. A simple bend is done in which the line of
the bend is straight. One or more bends may be involved, and bending tools are a large
important class of press tools.

Bending Tool
Forming tool
Forming tools apply more complex forms to work pieces. The line of bend is curved instead
of straight and the metal is subjected to plastic flow or deformation.
Drawing tool
Drawing tools transform flat sheets of metal into cups, shells or other drawn shapes by
subjecting the material to severe plastic deformation. Shown in fig is a rather deep shell that
has been drawn from a flat sheet.

Drawing Tool
This type of Press tool is used to perform only one particular operation therefore classified
under stage tools.
Progressive tool
A progressive tool differs from a stage tool in the following respect: in a progressive tool the
final component is obtained by progressing the sheet metal or strip in more than one stage. At
each stage the tool will progressively shape the component towards its final shape, with the
final stage normally being cutting-off.
Compound tool
The compound tool differs from progressive and stage tools by the arrangement of the punch
and die. It is an inverted tool where blanking and piercing takes place in a single stage and
also the blanking punch will act as the piercing die.
Combination tool
In a combination tool two or more operations such as bending and trimming will be
performed simultaneously. Two or more operations such as forming, drawing, extruding,
embossing may be combined on the component with various cutting operations like blanking,
piercing, broaching and cut off takes place- it can perform a cutting and non cutting
operations in a single tool.
General Press tool Construction
The general press tool construction will have following elements:
Shank: It is used to locate the press tool in press for alignment purpose.
Top Plate: It is used to hold top half of the press tool with press slide.
Punch Back Plate : This plate prevents the hardened punches penetrating into top
plate.
Punch Holder: This plate is used to accommodate the punches of press tool.
Punches : To perform cutting and not cutting operations either plain or profiled
punches are used.
Die Plate: Die plate will have similar profile of the component where cutting dies
usually have holes with land and angular clearance and non cutting dies will have
profiles.
Die Back Plate:This plate prevents the hardened Die inserts penetrating into bottom
plate.
Guide Pillar & Guide Bush : Used for alignment between top and bottom halves of
the press tools.
Bottom plate:It is used to hold bottom half of the press tool with press slide.
Stripper plate: it is used to strip off the component from punches.
strip guides: It is used to guide the strip into the press tool to perform the operation.

Press tool
Cutting force in Press tool
In general cutting force (CF) can be calculated using formula: CF =L x S x max
cutting force will be in Newton(N) Where, L = Cut length in mm,(perimeter of profile to be
cut) Ex: 40 mm square to be cut will have cut length of 160 mm
S = Sheet metal thickness in mm,
max = Maximum shear strength of sheet metal MPa
Stripping Force
Stripping force will be usually 10 to 20 % of cutting force.
Press Force
Press force will be cutting force with stripping force Press Force = Cutting force + Stripping
force
Fits in Press Tools
Punch holder and Punches =H7/k6
Punch and Stripper = H7/g6
Guide Pillar and Guide bush = H7/g6
Guide bush and Top plate = H7/p6
Guide pillar and bottom plate = H7/p6
Dowel and plate = H7/m6
References
1. Cyril Donaldson, George H LeCain, V C Goold, Tool design 3rd edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi.
Categories:
Machine tools
Presswork
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Types of press tools
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Press tools are commonly used in hydraulic, pneumatic, and mechanical presses to produce
components at high volumes. Generally press tools are categorized by the types of operation
performed using the tool, such as blanking, piercing, bending, forming, forging, trimming etc.
The press tool will also be specified as a blanking tool, piercing tool, bending tool etc.
[1]

Contents
1 Classification of press tools
o 1.1 Blanking tool
o 1.2 Piercing Tool
o 1.3 Cut off tool
o 1.4 Parting off tool
o 1.5 Trimming tool
o 1.6 Shaving tool
o 1.7 Bending tool
o 1.8 Forming tool
o 1.9 Drawing tool
o 1.10 Progressive tool
o 1.11 Compound tool
o 1.12 Combination tool
o 1.13 General Press tool Construction
o 1.14 Cutting force in Press tool
o 1.15 Stripping Force
o 1.16 Press Force
o 1.17 Fits in Press Tools
2 References
Classification of press tools
Blanking tool

Blanking Tool
When a component is produced with one single punch and die where the entire outer
profile is cut in a single stroke the tool is called a blanking tool.
Blanking is the operation of cutting flat shapes from sheet metal.
The outer area of metal remaining after a blanking operation is generally discarded as
waste.
Size of blank or product is the size of the die & clearance is given on punch.
It is a metal cutting operation.
Piercing Tool

Piercing tool
Piercing involves cutting of clean holes with a resulting scrap slug. The operation is called
die cutting and can also produce flat components where the die, the shaped tool, is pressed
into a sheet material employing a shearing action to cut holes. This method can be used to cut
parts of different sizes and shapes in sheet metal, leather and many other materials.
Cut off tool

Cutoff tool
Cut off operations are those in which a strip of suitable width is cut to length in a single
operation. Cut-off tools can produce many parts. The required length of strip can be cut off
for bending and forming operations using this tool.
Parting off tool
Partings are similar, in that a discrete part is cut from a sheet or strip of metal along a desired
geometric path. The difference between a cutoff and a parting is that a cutoff can be nestled
perfectly on the sheet metal, due to its geometry. With cutoffs, the cutting of sheet metal can
be done over one path at a time and there is practically no waste of material. With partings,
the shape can not be nestled precisely. Partings involve cutting the sheet metal along two
paths simultaneously. Partings waste a certain amount of material, that can be significant.
Trimming tool
When cups and shells are drawn from flat sheet metal the edge is left wavy and irregular, due
to uneven flow of metal. This irregular edge is trimmed in a trimming die. Shown is flanged
shell, as well as the trimmed ring removed from around the edge. While a small amount of
Material is removed from the side of a component in trimming tool.

Trimming Tool
Shaving tool
Shaving removes a small amount of material around the edges of a previously blanked
stampings or piercing. A straight, smooth edge is provided and therefore shaving is
frequently performed on instrument parts, watch and clock parts and the like. Shaving is
accomplished in shaving tools especially designed for the purpose.
Bending tool
Bending tools apply simple bends to stampings. A simple bend is done in which the line of
the bend is straight. One or more bends may be involved, and bending tools are a large
important class of press tools.

Bending Tool
Forming tool
Forming tools apply more complex forms to work pieces. The line of bend is curved instead
of straight and the metal is subjected to plastic flow or deformation.
Drawing tool
Drawing tools transform flat sheets of metal into cups, shells or other drawn shapes by
subjecting the material to severe plastic deformation. Shown in fig is a rather deep shell that
has been drawn from a flat sheet.

Drawing Tool
This type of Press tool is used to perform only one particular operation therefore classified
under stage tools.
Progressive tool
A progressive tool differs from a stage tool in the following respect: in a progressive tool the
final component is obtained by progressing the sheet metal or strip in more than one stage. At
each stage the tool will progressively shape the component towards its final shape, with the
final stage normally being cutting-off.
Compound tool
The compound tool differs from progressive and stage tools by the arrangement of the punch
and die. It is an inverted tool where blanking and piercing takes place in a single stage and
also the blanking punch will act as the piercing die.
Combination tool
In a combination tool two or more operations such as bending and trimming will be
performed simultaneously. Two or more operations such as forming, drawing, extruding,
embossing may be combined on the component with various cutting operations like blanking,
piercing, broaching and cut off takes place- it can perform a cutting and non cutting
operations in a single tool.
General Press tool Construction
The general press tool construction will have following elements:
Shank: It is used to locate the press tool in press for alignment purpose.
Top Plate: It is used to hold top half of the press tool with press slide.
Punch Back Plate : This plate prevents the hardened punches penetrating into top
plate.
Punch Holder: This plate is used to accommodate the punches of press tool.
Punches : To perform cutting and not cutting operations either plain or profiled
punches are used.
Die Plate: Die plate will have similar profile of the component where cutting dies
usually have holes with land and angular clearance and non cutting dies will have
profiles.
Die Back Plate:This plate prevents the hardened Die inserts penetrating into bottom
plate.
Guide Pillar & Guide Bush : Used for alignment between top and bottom halves of
the press tools.
Bottom plate:It is used to hold bottom half of the press tool with press slide.
Stripper plate: it is used to strip off the component from punches.
strip guides: It is used to guide the strip into the press tool to perform the operation.

Press tool
Cutting force in Press tool
In general cutting force (CF) can be calculated using formula: CF =L x S x max
cutting force will be in Newton(N) Where, L = Cut length in mm,(perimeter of profile to be
cut) Ex: 40 mm square to be cut will have cut length of 160 mm
S = Sheet metal thickness in mm,
max = Maximum shear strength of sheet metal MPa
Stripping Force
Stripping force will be usually 10 to 20 % of cutting force.
Press Force
Press force will be cutting force with stripping force Press Force = Cutting force + Stripping
force
Fits in Press Tools
Punch holder and Punches =H7/k6
Punch and Stripper = H7/g6
Guide Pillar and Guide bush = H7/g6
Guide bush and Top plate = H7/p6
Guide pillar and bottom plate = H7/p6
Dowel and plate = H7/m6
References
2. Cyril Donaldson, George H LeCain, V C Goold, Tool design 3rd edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi.
Categories:
Machine tools
Presswork
Navigation menu
Create account
Log in
Article
Talk
Read
Edit
View history
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikimedia Shop
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Edit links
This page was last modified on 22 August 2014 at 09:31.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License;
additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and
Privacy Policy. Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation,
Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Mobile view