ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration

www.provibtech.com
9/34
Client/Serverarchitectureenablesusertoaccessdataanywhereonintranet/internet
Readilyintegrateswiththirdpartyvibrationmonitorsandprocessmonitorswithminimum
hardwarerequirements
MultipledigitalI/OProtocols,suchasModbusRTU/TCP
Multiplehardwareoutputmodulesreadyforfurtherdatatransferandannunciationinrelays
andcurrenttransmission
24hournotificationthroughonsitealarms,operatorinterfaceandevenSMSmessagingon
GPRSmobile
RemotenotificationwithSMSmessagestoanycellularphonewithmachinerunningstatus
Advancedpostprocessingoftransientdataminimizesdataloss,maximizinganalysiscapability
PCM360DataFlowIntroduction
Inadditiontorunningwellwithtransmitters/monitorsofProvibTechitself,withgreatintegrate
abilityandversatileinterface,PCM360isalsoabletointerfacewithdiversetransmitters/monitors
/sensorsor ModbusTCPServerorOPCserverfromthirdpartywhichtakesgreatconveniencefor
retrofitprojectsandmakestheplantmanagementmoreefficientandeffectivelywithoutspending
muchmoney.
Apartfromthese,PCM360alsocanplayaroleasModbusTCPServerorOPCServerwhichmakes
interfacingwiththirdpartyconditionmonitoringsystemavailable.
Inconclusion,PCM360isveryflexibleandfunctional.Withitsreliability,itnotonlycanacquirethe
datafromthirdpartybutalsoshareitsdatawiththirdparty.

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
10/34
PlotsSupportedByDifferentMeasurementPoints
MeasurementPoint
Device
Type
Channel
Type
DataType
Single
Channel
Dual
Channel
PlotsandLists

bargraph,waveform,spectrum,
bode,polar,cascade,
(dynamic,transient)waterfall,
(dynamic,transient,historical)trend,
statuslist,alarmlist,transientlist
Acceleratio
n,Velocity
Dynamic
data,
Transient
data

bargraph,waveform,spectrum,
fullspectrum,shaftXYvibration,
bode,polar,cascade,fullcascade,
(dynamic,transient)waterfall,
(dynamic,transient,historical)trend,
statuslist,alarmlist,transientlist

bargraph,waveform,spectrum,
bode,polar,cascade,
waveformwithDCcoupling,
(dynamic,transient)waterfall,
(dynamic,transient,historical)trend,
statuslist,alarmlist,transientlist
DAQ
Card:
6013,
6220,6
250
Vibration[f
romProx]
Dynamic
data,
Transient
data
bargraph,waveform,spectrum,
fullspectrum,shaftXYvibration,
shaftcenterline,
waveformwithDCcoupling,
shaftXYvibrationwithDCcoupling,

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
11/34
bode,polar,cascade,fullcascade,
(dynamic,transient)waterfall,
(dynamic,transient,historical)trend,
statuslist,alarmlist,transientlist
Position[fr
omProx],
Process
Staticdata

bargraph,statictrend,
statuslist,alarmlist

Modbu
sDAQ
for
Proces
s
Acceleratio
n,Velocity,
Vibration[f
romProx],
Position[fr
omProx],
Process
Staticdata

bargraph,statictrend,
statuslist,alarmlist

bargraph,waveform,spectrum,
dynamicwaterfall,alarmlist,
(static,dynamic)trend,statuslist
Modbu
sDAQ
forDW

Dynamic
data,Static
data

bargraph,waveform,spectrum,
fullspectrum,shaftXYvibration,
dynamicwaterfall,alarmlist,
(static,dynamic)trend,statuslist

OPC
Client
Acceleratio
n,Velocity,
Vibration[f
romProx],
Position[fr
omProx],
Process
Staticdata

bargraph,statictrend,
statuslist,alarmlist

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
12/34
Plots
Waveform
plot
(realtimeandhistorical)
Waveform
plotwithDCcoupling
(realtimeandhistorical)
Spectrum
plot(realtimeandhistorical)
Full
spectrumplot(realtimeandhistorical)

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
13/34
ShaftXY
vibration
(realtimeandhistorical)
ShaftXY
vibrationwithDCcoupling
(realtimeandhistorical)
Trendplot
(static,dynamic,transient,historical,andrealtime,gap)
Waterfall
plot
(dynamicandtransient)

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
14/34
BarGraph
shaft
centerlineplot(realtimeandhistorical)
Bodeplot
Cascade
plot
Full
cascadeplot
Polarplot

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
15/34

Shaftcenterlinemodeshape

ShaftXYvibrationmodeshape
Lists
Transientlist

Alarmlist

Statuslist

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
25/34
Measurement Illustration
ShaftX,YVibration(RadialVibration)
ShaftX,YVibrationisforshaftdynamicmotion
whichisgenerallymeasuredinadirection
perpendiculartotheshaftaxis,itisalsocalled
radialvibrationorlateralvibration.Itisindicated
byPKPKwithunitmorMil.5mmor8mm
proximityprobesareoftenusedtoobserveShaftX,
YVibration.ProvibTechsproximityprobe
TM0105(5mm)andTM0180(8mm)willsupply
completesolution.

PleaserefertotheFigure1.1andFigure1.2.Theyareshowingthetypicalwayforprobeinstallation
forRadialVibration.

ApartfromtheinstallationwayofFigure1.1and
Figure1.2,theresanotherinstallationway,please
refertoFigure1.3.ProbeXishorizontallyinstalled
andProbeYisverticallyinstalled.

Sometimes,proximityprobeswillbemounted
insidethemachinebyprobeclamp,andsometimesprobeswillbemountedwithhelpofprobe
holder.ProvibTechsTM0393Xsupplyaverycost
effectivesolutionformountingtheproximityprobes
forthesemachineswhateverfornormalpressureor
highpressurepurpose.Customercanreplacethe
probewithoutopeningthemachinecasewhichtakes
greatconvenienceandsavelotsoftimeand
maintenancecost.Adjustablepenetrationdepth
+/13mm(0.512)makestheinstallationveryflexible.
PleaserefertoFigure1.4andFigure1.5for
installationreference.

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
26/34

ThrustPosition(AxialPosition)
ThrustPositionistomeasurethemovementofshaftin
theaxialdirectionwithrespecttosomefixedreference.
Typically,thereferenceisthethrustbearingsupport
structureorothercasingmembertowhichthe
displacementprobeismounted.Theprobeisgenerally
toobservethethrustcollardirectlyoraxialshaftsurface.
ThrustPositionisalsocalledAxialPosition,anditis
indicatedbyaveragewithunitmorMil.5mmor8mm
proximityprobes
areoftenusedto
observeThrustPosition.ProvibTechsproximityprobe
TM0110(11mm)andTM0180(8mm)willsupplycomplete
solution.

DueThrustPositionisveryimportantforsomeessential
machines,itisstronglyrecommendedtousedualproximity
probestomonitorThrustPositionastheredundancywill
increasethereliabilityofthemonitoring.
PleaserefertoFigure2.1andFigure2.2.

SeismicVibration(CasingVibration)
SeismicVibrationmeasurestheabsolutevibrationofmachinecaseorstructure.Thismeasurement
doesntrequireotherobjectspositionormovementasareference.Accelerometersandvelocity
sensorsareoftenusedforSeimicVibration.ItisalsocalledCasingVibration.Itwillbeindicatedby
PKorPKPKorRMS.
Theinstallationdirectioncouldbehorizontalorvertical.PleaserefertoFigure3.1.

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
27/34

RotationSpeed
Rotorspeedisimportantmeasurementsduringnormalmachineoperatingconditionsaswellas
duringstartupandcoastdown.Suddenunexpectedchangesinrotorspeedmaybeanindicationof
machineryorprocessmalfunction.

OverSpeed
OverSpeedprotectionsystemismandatoryforcriticalmachinesespeciallylikesteamturbines.Due
therotationspeedforthesteamturbineisthemostimportantfactor,sogenerallyweusetwo
proximityprobesorthreeproximityprobestocomposeasystem.Itcouldbe2outof 2or2outof
3.

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
28/34

ReverseRotation
Forboilerfeedpumporsomemachines,ReverseRotationmonitoringisnecessaryasthereverse
flowwillcausethetotalmachineshutdownfinallystopwatersupplying.TypicallyReverseRotation
requirestwoproximityprobestomountonthegearorshaftwithanotch.Pleaserefertobelow
Figure6.1fordetails.

ZeroSpeed
Whenthesteamturbineormachineisunderturningstate,therotationspeedshouldnotbevery
slow.Ifitrotatesslowerthanitshouldbe,thenitwilltrip.ZeroSpeedissimilarlikespeed
monitoring,butSpeedmonitoringistotripwhenitrotatetoofastthanitshouldbe,andZeroSpeed
monitoringistotripwhenitrotatetooslowthanitshouldbe.

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
29/34
PhaseReference
PhaseReferenceisatransducerthatproducesavoltagepulseforeachturnoftheshaft.Thissignal
isusedprimarilytomeasureshaftrotativespeedandservesasareferenceformeasuringvibration
phaselagangle.Typicallyproximityprobe,magneticpickup,opticalpickupareusedformeasuring
PhaseReference.
PleaserefertobelowFigure7.1fordetails.

DifferentialExpansion
DifferentialExpansionistomeasuretheaxialpositionoftherotorwithrespecttothemachine
casingatsomedistancefromthethrustbearing.DifferentialExpansionisusuallymeasuredwhen
machinestartupandshutdownasthemachinehasabigthermalexpansionduringthatperiod.

Themeasurementistypicallymadewithaproximityprobetransducermountedtothemachine
casingandobservinganaxialoftherotor.

Theproximityprobecouldbemountedbytwoways.Oneisbynormalshaftdirection,pleaserefer
tobelowFigure9.1.

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
30/34

Anotherwayismountedbyrampshaftdirection.PleaserefertobelowFigure9.2.

CaseExpansion
CaseExpansionistomeasureaxialpositionofthemachinecaserelativetoafixedreference,usually
thefoundation.Changesincasingaxialpositionaretheresultofthermalexpansionandcontraction
ofthecasingduringstartupandshutdown.ItisgenerallymeasuredbyLVDT(LinearVariable
DifferentialTransformer).
PleaserefertobelowFigure10.1forCaseExpansion.

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
31/34
Eccentricity
Eccentricityisveryimportantformonitoringturbinerotorbow.PT2060/10PROXproximitymodule
canprovidesophisticatedonlineeccentricitymonitoring.Themonitorissuitableforvirtuallyall
typesofrotatingmachineryintermsofeccentricity.ThePT2060/10PROXproximitymodulewillbe
continuouslymeasureandmonitoringinuptotwochannelspermodule.

Eccentricitymeasurementsindicatethedeviationoftherotorphysicalcenterandthetheoretical
center.Thedifferencehastobesmallenoughtoallowmachinestartupwithoutcausingdamage.
ThePT2060/10PROXproximitymoduleprovidespeaktopeakeccentricitymeasurement,which
measurethedifferencebetweenthepositiveandthenegativeextremesoftherotorbow.Italsohas
onemorechannelthatoutputthepositionoftherotor.

Operatorsuseeccentricitymeasurementstodeterminewhenacombinationofslowrollandheating
havereducedtherotoreccentricitytothepoint
wheretheturbinecansafelybebroughtupto
speedwithoutdamagefromexcessivevibrationor
rotortostatorcontact.
EccentricityisthemeasurementofRotorBowat
rotorslowrollwhichmaybecausedbyanyora
combinationof
Fixedmechanicalbow
Temporarythermalbow
Gravitybow

ProvibTechsApplicationNote_PowerGeneration
www.provibtech.com
32/34
ValvePosition
ValvePositionistomeasurethepositionoftheprocessinlet
valvesonamachine,usuallyexpressedasapercentageof
thevalveopening;zeropercentisfullyclosed,100percentis
fullyopen.

PleaseseebelowFigure12.1forValvePosition.

Temperature
Temperaturemonitoringisalsoanimportantparameterto
monitorthemachinehealthstatus.Whensomethingwrong
insidethemachine,itwillcausemorefrictionwhichwillcausetemperaturegettinghigher.Typically
welluseRTD/TCsensortoacquiretheprocesssignalandtransfertotransmitters/monitors,finally
transfertoconditionmonitoringsystem.
FlowRate,Pressureandotherprocessvariables
Alltheseparametersareliketemperatureastheyareprocessvariables,andthesearetocontrol
somethingorfeedbackthehealthstatusofthemachine.Typicallywellusedifferentkindsof
sensorstogettheprocesssignalsandfinallytransfertoconditionmonitoringsystem.