ADBTF14 - RAM - Republic of Korea Case Study

Road Asset Management Training Workshop (18-19 September 2014, Manila)
Pyeong Jun Yoo, PhD

Research Fellow, Pavement Research Division
Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology
(www.kict.re.kr, pjyoo@kict.re.kr)
Pavement Management System in
Korea
Definitions - PMS
"Pavement management SYSTEM is a set of
defined procedures for collecting, analyzing,
maintaining, and reporting pavement data,
to assist the decision makers in finding optimum
strategies for maintaining pavements in serviceable
condition over a given period of time for the least
cost."
2
PMS Overview
A PMS is designed to PROVIDE OBJECTIVE
INFORMATION AND USEFUL DATA FOR
ANALYSIS so that road managers can make
more consistent, cost-effective, and defensible
decisions related to the preservation of a
pavement network.
While a PMS cannot make final decisions, it can
provide the basis for an informed understanding
of the possible consequences of
ALTERNATIVE DECISIONS.
A PMS does NOT make decisions,
Managers DO!
3
PMS Levels
Network Level: Birds Eye View of
Network Pavements as a whole
Statewide Pavement Condition
Summary
Budget Estimate
Performance Prediction
Project Level: Assist Designers in
Constructing, Maintaining, or
Rehabilitating a Section of Roadway
Preventive Maintenance
Resurfacing or Reconstruction
Treatment Options for a Project
4
Reliable PMS
Systematic PMS Leads to
Evaluate Pavement Conditions Objectively
Apply MR&R Method Timely and
Appropriately
Allocate MR&R Budgets Efficiently
Enhance Structural Integrity of Pavements
5
National Highway PMS in
Korea
National Highway MS in Korea
Pavement MS Bridge MS
Cut-Slope MS Highway MS
7
PMS Applications in Korea
1986 : Introduction to National Highways
1996 : Application to National
Expressways
2002 : Introduction to Major Airports
2002 : Introduction to Seoul Metro City
2008~ : Expansion to Small Cities

8
National Highway Management System
Design Construction Completion Maintenance
PQMS
RSIS PDMS
RMIS RSMS
9
Korea System Components
Detail Survey
Repair Method Selection
Economic Analysis
Specification
Field Survey
Budgeting
Section Classification
Priority Level
Deterioration Type and Severity
Level
Prompt Survey, NHPCI
Network Level Project Level
Evaluation Results Feed Back
Calibration Model
Research Level
10
National Highway PMS
PMS D/B
Pavement Condition Evaluation
PES (Pavement Evaluation Surveyor)
HWD (Heavy Weight Deflectometer)
PFT (Pavement Friction Tester)
GPR (Ground Penetration Radar)
Decision-Making System
Korea Decision-Making Support System
HDM-4 (Reference)
11
Governing Organization for PMS
Road Bureau
-National Highway Planning and
Construction Division
KICT
- Pavement Research Division
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and
Transport
Budgeting
Decision Makers
Policy Makers
19 Regional Offices
Performer
Survey, Analysis and
Research
12
Route Status
Selection
Survey Section
Survey
(1
st
Survey)
Detail Survey
(2
nd
Survey)
Decision
Repair Method
Decision Priorities Repair Section
1
st
Survey
2
nd
Survey
PES
ARAN
GPR
PFT HWD
Budget
Roughness
Request (1time/year)
Request
Investigation
Maintenance
Achievement
Emergency
Repair
Review
Method
Request(at any time)
Pavement
Status
Survey
Regional
Offices (19)
[ Any Time ]
[ Common ]
13
National Highway PMS Operation
14
Survey Sections
National Highways
Total Length : 13,747 km
99% Paved Roads, 90% Asphalt Pavements
General Survey Sections
Length : 3,000~5,000 km (2-lane)
Based on PMS D/B and Requests
Inspection : Surface Distress (ARAN, PES)
Detailed Survey Sections
Length : 1,500~2,500 km (2-lane)
Based on General Survey Results
Inspection : Structural Capacity (FWD, GPR, PFT)

15
General Survey
Object : Pavement Surface Condition
Evaluation
Equipment
1986 : VIZIROAD (Semi-auto)
1999 : ARAN (Automatic Road Analyzer)
2008 : PES (Pavement Evaluation Surveyor)
Pavement Condition
Crack
Rut Depth
IRI
16
16
Detailed Survey
Object : Pavement Structural Condition
Evaluation
Sections : Except Excellent Rated
Sections from General Survey
Equipment
FWD : Structural Capacity
GPR : Pavement Layer Thickness, Void
PFT : Surface Friction
17
17
Pavement Condition Index
Visual Index (VI) : Crack Rate + Rut Depth
Quality Index (Q) : VI + Surface Deflection (FWD)

18
18
Surface Condition Evaluation
National Highway Pavement Condition
Index (NHPCI)
Crack Rate (%)

IRI (m/km)

Rut Depth (mm)
19
VI Rate
Used for Homogeneous Analysis
Based on Surface Distresses (Crack and Rut Depth)

20
Crack(%)

Rut Depth
(mm)
Low
(<5)
Medium
(5~15)
High
(>15)
Low(<12) VI1 VI2 VI3
Medium(12~20) VI3 VI4 VI5
High(>20) VI5 VI6 VI7
20
Q Grade
Overall Pavement Condition Evaluation
Based on VI and Maximum Surface Deflection in
FWD (D
0
)
D
0
(mm)
VI Rate
I II III
VI1 Q1 Q2 Q7
VI2~VI3 Q3 Q5 Q8
VI4~VI7 Q4 Q6 Q9
0.50 0.85
21
National Highway PMS Operation
Survey Plan &
Basic Data Collection
Survey Section Selection
General Pavement Survey
(ARAN, PES)
Detailed Section Selection
Based on VI (1~7)
Detailed Pavement Survey
(FWD, GPR, PFT)
Pavement Evaluation
MR&R Decision
Based on QG (1~9)
Traffic Information
Prioritized Section
> 15 mm rut, > 30% crack
No priority analysis
General Section
Priority analysis
based on HDM-4

On-site Due-diligence
Final MR&R and Section
Decision
22
Decision Tree
Distress Analysis
RD > 15mm
Crack > 30%
No
Microsurfacing
Slurry Seal
Crack > 20%
No
5AC(HMA)
Mill+5AC(HMA)
HDM-4
Crack : 2~7%
Crack : 7~10%
Yes
Final Decision
RD > 25mm
ESAL 3000
Mill+5AC(PMA)
Fatigue > 40%
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Mill+5AC(HMA)
Grid+5AC(HMA)
5AC(PMA)
Priority Repair Sections
Yes
Yes
Recycling
23
Priority Analysis
HDM-4 (Highway Development and Management)
Economic Analysis Tool by World Bank
Timing and Priority Decision Based on NPV(Net Present
Value)

Current Condition
- Crack, Rut, IRI
- Traffic, Deflection
- Layer Thickness
HDM-
- Performance
Prediction
HDM-
-Economic Analysis
MR&R Alternatives
NPV
- Priority Decision
24
PMS Effects on PM
Annual MR&R Budget : 75.2% Reduction (1991~2011)
Pavement Service Life : 44.2% Increase (2001~2008)
0
3
6
9
12
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
P
a
v
e
m
e
n
t

s
e
r
v
i
c
e

l
i
f
e

(
y
e
a
r
)
A
n
u
u
a
l

M
R
&
R

c
o
s
t

p
e
r

l
a
n
e

(
$
/
k
m
)
year
Cost
Service life
75.2% reduction
in unit MR&R cost (1991~2011)
44.2% increase
in service life
(2001~2008)
25
Difficulties in HDM-4
Too Many Input Parameters -> N.G. for Pavements
Not Consistent to Korea Regulations for
Transportation Facilities
-> Not Easy to Use
Black Box in Model -> Not Possible to Modify
Complicate Usage, but Lower Reliability!
Need to Develop Our Own System
26
Upgrading NHPMS
Korea Decision-Making System (KoPMS)
GIS Based PDMS (Pavement Database
Management System)
Available Tech-Transfer to DMCs!!
27
Major Features
MR&R
Various Methods, Benefit-Cost
Pavement Performance Model
Timing, No. Applications, Agent Cost
Vehicle Velocity Model
Vehicle Types and Environments
Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Government Standards
Network/Project Level Analysis Model
Project : Long-term performance
Network : Annual Priority(NPV, B/C)
Budgets for the Next 3 Years
1987
2005
2005
1987
28
Items
Agency Cost + User Cost (VOC, Delay, Noise)
Based on NPV and B/C
Multiple MR&R Strategies
Considering Repair Delay (Budget Limitation)
P
a
v
e
m
e
n
t

C
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n

Without Repair
Economic Analysis Model
Cut + 5AC(PMA)
Cut + 5AC(HMA)
5AC(HMA)
Year
After Repair
A(2013)
B(2014)
C(2015)
Poor
Good
29
Example : Project Level (10 YRS)
Pavement Distresses (Crack, Rutting, IRI)
Deterioration Prediction with/out Repair
Cost-Delay Analysis
Applications of the New System
Crack
Rutting
IRI
Year
30
31
E-W Routes : 24
S-N Routes : 27
32
Route Status
Selection
Survey Section
Survey
(1
st
Survey)
Detail Survey
(2
nd
Survey)
Decision
Repair Method
Decision Priorities
1
st
Survey
2
nd
Survey
PES
ARAN
GPR
PFT HWD
_
Start and end point
of Road
Traffic control point Road structure change
point
Administrative
boundary
Speed / Lane change
point
IC/JC
Road Intersection
General Roads Flyovers /
Underground Roadway
One-way
Seperated road
33
register or change of route directly
Edit Link : separate / merge link
Edit Node: event registration, editing of
the link attribute
Show attribute information of the selected route
Change of route attribute information
Move and delete Route
Show the attribute information of the selected node
Changing the attribute information of node
Move and delete node
34
Traffic
DB
Trafiic
Axle Weight (7 species)
Traffic volume of 12 species of point-by-
point
Automatic
conversion
of traffic
Route
Data
Data linkage
35
Weather station
Station Agency

Temperature
Rainfall Amounts
Snowfall Amounts

36
Enter the start and end points on the basis of the event.
Start and end points are automatically selected to the
corresponding position on the map.
Input reason of survey
37
search by Year, Agency, Route, Direction, and final Repair Method
38
Search by Year, Agency, Route, direction,
final repair method
Select the section /
display of detailed information
39
Show the location of points of the section
and the detailed survey-results on the map
Viziroad Data
ARAN Data
PES Data
40
Original Information
Maintenance Information
Search by distance (15/30/45/60 Km)
Detail Information
Tunnel
Boundary
Bridge
Intersection
JC
IC
Junction Point
Icon for each Events
Regional Agency Information
41/41
Thanks for Your Attention!!
Q&A?

Email to pjyoo@kict.re.kr

ADBTF14 - RAM - Republic of Korea Case Study

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Road Asset Management Training Workshop (18-19 September 2014, Manila)

Pyeong Jun Yoo, PhD

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