Blake Clinton Y.

Dy
ID# 10645837
Midterm Examination
!e"t I.
1. #otional Ek$%ra"i" & ' $oem o( #otional Ek$%ra"i" re$re"ent" a )ork o( art t%at doe" not a*t+ally
exi"t, -ein. entirely a *on"tr+*t o( lan.+a.e. Exam$le" o( t%i" in*l+de /omer0" t%e 1%ield o( '*%ille"
)%i*% %a" no la*k o( art(+l de"*ri$tion and Book 3 o( C%a+*er0" !%e 2ni.%t0" !ale )%ere t%e tem$le"
o( Diana, Mar" and 3en+" are de"*ri-ed in exa*tin. detail de"$ite %a4in. no real li(e *o+nter$art.
5. 6e$re"entational 7ri*tion in Ek$%ra"i" & !%i" i" t%e *on(li*t -et)een t%e "i.ni(ier, t%e material medi+m
o( $re"entation and t%e "i.ni(ied, t%e o-8e*t or (i.+re" to -e re$re"ented. It i" t%e "en"e o( di((eren*e
-et)een t%e "+-8e*t matter o( a )ork o( art and t%e medi+m. !%i" i" "%o)n in t%e 1%ield o( '*%ille"
)%ere t%e $oem doe" not a"k +" to only ima.ine t%e "*ene" on t%e "%ield -+t al"o make" +" *on"*io+"
o( t%e material +"ed in *ra(tin. t%e "*ene. !%e $oem doe" not a"k +" to ima.ine real eart% or real )a4e"
-+t rat%er t%e .old t%at %a" -een made to re"em-le t%o"e t%in.".
3. 9ro"o$o$oiea & Dramati* $er"oni(i*ation or t%e .i4in. 4oi*e to t%e m+te inanimate o-8e*t. !%e $oem
em$loyin. t%i" ty$e o( ek$%ra"i" .i4e" "o+nd or "$ee*% to t%e inanimate "+-8e*t matter. !%i" *an -e
"een in t%e :a"t D+*%e"" )%ere t%e "$eaker )%o at (ir"t "eem" to -e t%e 4ie)er ;t%e D+ke< or %i"
*om$anion i" in all a*t+ality t%e D+*%e"" de$i*ted in t%e $aintin.. !%i" *an al"o -e "een in /omer0"
1%ield o( '*%ille" )%ere t%o+.% %e .i4e" no "$ee*% %e .i4e" indi*ation o( "o+nd and "on. in t%e "*ene"
de$i*ted.
4. Indi*i+m 1*eleri" & !%e Indi*i+m 1*eleri" i" an am-i.+o+" "i.n ;it i" not "tated ex$li*itly )%et%er it
)a" a )ritten a**o+nt or a .ra$%i* de$i*tion< )o4en into t%e *lot% +"ed -y 9%ilomela to *omm+ni*ate
t%e )ron." $er$etrated on %er -y !ere+" to %er "i"ter 9ro*ne. !%i" $%enomenon i" al"o di"$layed in t%e
)ea4in. *onte"t -et)een 'ra*%ne and 't%ena, )%ere t%e mortal )ea4er de$i*t" t%e ra$a*io+" attit+de"
o( .od" to)ard mortal )omen
5. Ek$%ra"i" & !%e 4er-al re$re"entation o( a 4i"+al re$re"entation. It i" t%e +"e o( lan.+a.e to re$re"ent a
)ork o( art ;!%e 1%ield o( '*%ille"< t%at doe" not exi"t or to .i4e 4oi*e, li(e or a*tion to a "tati* art)ork
;My :a"t D+*%e"", =>ymandia" and 'n =de to a ?re*ian @rn<.
6. @t 9i*t+ra 9oe"i" & A'" i" $aintin. "o i" $oetry.B ' "tatement (rom /ora*e0" 'r" 9oeti*a t%at mean" to
tell +" t%at -ot% $aintin. and $oetry "%o+ld not -e "e.re.ated a" -ein. one art t%at i" "+$erior to
anot%er -+t rat%er a$$re*iated a" t)o eC+al art (orm".
7. #e.ati4e Ca$a-ility & ' t%eory -y Do%n 2eat". /e -elie4e" t%at $eo$le, mo"t e"$e*ially $oet", may
%a4e t%e a-ility to a**e$t t%at not e4eryt%in. *an -e re"ol4ed, t%at tr+t%" (o+nd in t%e ima.ination %a4e
a**e"" to %oly a+t%ority and may not ne*e""arily -e +nder"tood. #e.ati4e Ca$a-ility i" ex%i-ited )%en
t%e %+man i" *a$a-le o( a**e$tin. +n*ertaintie" )it%o+t rea*%in. (or (a*t and rea"on. !%i" *on*e$t )a"
ex$re""ed in %i" $oem, =de to a #i.%tin.ale and 2eat" %im"el( %old" +$ 1%ake"$eare a" one o( t%e
$eo$le )%o e$itomi>ed t%i" *on*e$t.
8. I*ono$%o-ia & Di"ta"te (or 4i"+al art d+e to t%e -elie( o( t%e "+$eriority o( t%e )ord -a"ed $rimarily on
t%e 4i"+al art0" a-ility to $ro4oke emotion" in t%e 4ie)er", di"$la*in. t%e orator a" 9%ilomela0"
Indi*i+m 1*eleri" doe" to !ere+" or 9%yrene0" n+de di"$lay to %er 't%enian 8+ror".
E. Ek$%ra"ti* /o$e & 'n idea $ro$o"ed -y F.D.! Mit*%ell a" $art o( %i" tri$artiate +nder"tandin. o(
ek$%ra"i". Ek$%ra"ti* %o$e o$$o"e" t%e indi((eren*e -et)een 4er-al and material in a moment o(
in"$iration or meta$%or or ima.ination )%ere t%e .a$ -et)een t%e 4er-al and t%e 4i"+al i" "ome%o)
*lo"ed -y a mean" t%at *an only -e de"*ri-ed a" ek$%ra"i". !%e end .oal -ein. to a-le to )rite o( an
o-8e*t in "+*% a )ay t%at "omeone mi.%t en*o+nter t%em 4er-ally -+t "till -e im$re""ed -y t%e 4i"+al.
10. 6omanti* Ek$%ra"i" & It i" t%e ex$re""ion o( $ro(o+nd am-i4alen*e to)ard t%e timele"" nat+re o(
4i"+al art in diametri* o$$o"ition to t%e idea o( tran"*enden*e or t%e timele""ne"" o( t%e 4i"+al art. !%e
re4eren*e (or t%e timele"" -ea+ty or "+-limity o( t%e i*on i" *%e*ked -y )ord" t%at +ndermine it"
a+t%ority. !%e )ord" re4eal it" material0" im$ermanen*e and ex$o"e it" $etri(yin. im$a*t on t%e
narrata-le (lo) o( li(e. !%i" i" mo"t $ointedly ill+"trated in Byron0" Don D+an )%ere )%ile %e $rai"e"
t%e "tat+e a" a %a4in. a -ea+ty t%at may -e admired t%at -ea+ty i" "omet%in. t%at m+"t -e e4ent+ally
relinC+i"%ed -y anyone tr+ly *ommitted to li(e.
!e"t II.
1. Dame" /e((ernan in GM+"e+m o( Ford",G *itin. !%i-a+d in :e Bo+*lier dH'*%ille "ay" Ge4en i( t%e
"%ield "ym-oli>e" t%e My*enean *i4ili>ation t%at '*%ille" "et" o+t to de(end, e4en i( /e$%ae"t+"H
ma"ter$ie*e i" meta$%ori*ally inter*%an.ea-le )it% '*%ille" %im"el(, )%o -e*ome" t%e "%ield (or t%e
)%ole ?reek )orld, t%e "%ieldH" *a$a*ity to re$re"ent and t%+" $er$et+ate t%at )orld i" *om$romi"ed -y
t%e de$t% o( it" 4ery in4ol4ement in moral 4i*i""it+de"II in %+man *ontin.en*y.G This so because
fundamentally the shield itself is an instrument of battle, an object to be borne in combat to withstand
the blows from the bears foes and is eventually pierced by the spear of Hector. Though it bears scenes
embossed upon it that depict a respite from war it is still very much an instrument of war. !%o+.%
'*%ille" i" deemed to -e t%e $rote*tor o( My*enean *i4ili>ation t%e (a*t t%at %e m+"t $rote*t %im"el(
)it% ima.ery t%at e""entially ex$o"e" t%at )%i*% %e $rote*t" to t%e enemy "$eak" o( t%e "%ield0"
;and '*%ille"< (+ndamental ina-ility to de(end t%e My*enean )ay o( li(e ;1EE311<.
2. 9atri*ia 2leindie"t Do$lin in G!%e 4oi*e o( t%e "%+ttle i" o+r"G "ay" t%o"e $oliti*al marria.e" like t%at o(
9ro*ne to !ere+" al)ay" reC+ire" t%e "a*ri(i*e o( a da+.%ter and t%e "%eddin. o( %er -lood. In =4idH"
GMetamor$%o"i"G !ere+" i" a .emin+" *oni+nx, a do+-le %+"-and. Do$lin *ite" t%at t%e .ra$%i* tale
)o4en -y 9%ilomela $ro(o+ndly t%reaten" t%e $oliti*al order o( ?ree*e, and more $re*i"ely 't%en".
This so because Athens being a patriarchal society is one that has a profound sense of conophobia. t
is a fear that pictures !though in this case a womans weaving" given their ability to solicit the rawest
oft emotions would displace the power of the orator, the bastion of the word and of male supremacy.
9%ilomela0" Indi*i+m 1*eleri" re$re"ent a t%reat to -ot% it" .ender %ierar*%y and it" $oliti*al "+r4i4al.
!%e (ormer t%ro+.% t%e di"$la*ement o( t%e orator, allo)in. t%e (emale 4oi*e )%i*% "tr+..le" to -e
%eard to "$eak and t%e latter -y t%e di"r+$tion o( t%e allian*e -et)een 9andion and !ere+" and t%+"
't%en" "+r4i4al i" $la*e in 8eo$ardy ;1EE3 47I4E<.
#. 2eat"H $oem G=de on a ?re*ian @rnG a*t+ali>e" t%e $otential t%at ek$%ra"i" %a" al)ay" $o""e""edII t%e
*a$a*ity to C+e"tion and *%allen.e t%e art it o"ten"i-ly "al+te". He accomplishes this through his use of
language that aims to both criti$ue and honor the concept of transcendence that invariably
accompanies every piece of graphic art but he not only confines himself to criti$uing the urn but goes
on to criti$ue contemporary !at the time" e%phrasis itself. !%ro+.% t%e $oem %e demon"trate" t%at
ek$%ra"i" *an -ot% re$re"ent and mi"re$re"ent a )ork o( art in t%at )%ile a narrati4e may $rod+*e a
(ra*tion o( t%e )ork0" -ea+ty it al"o e4ent+ally o4erride" )%at -ea+ty *an -e ex$erien*ed (ore4er. !%e
$oem doe" "o in $re"entin. +" )it% t%e *on(li*t o( t%e .rie4in. lo4er )%om .i4en t%e *a$a*ity and told
not to .rie4e -y t%e $oem lo""e" %i" tran"*endent C+ality. !%ro+.% t%i" t%e $oem" a"k" a" to *%oo"e
)%et%er )e )i"% to %a4e t%e narrata-le tr+t% o( $a""ionately m+ta-le li(e or t%e imm+ta-le -ea+ty o(
.ra$%i* art ;1EE3 107I115<.
&. 1%elleyH" "onnet G=>ymandia"G C+e"tion" and ar.+e" a.ain"t )%at 2eat"H G=de on a ?re*ian @rnG take"
)%olly (or .ranted t%e im$eri"%a-ility o( 4i"+al art. 'helley does so through the poems parado(ical
envoicing of statue of )*ymandias who boasts of his greatness yet is blissfully unaware of the ruin and
emptiness that surrounds him and the statues state of gradual dissolution. F%erea" 2eat" -elie4e" %i"
to @rn to "+r4i4e t%e a.e", 1%elley (ore"ee" t%e e4ent+al de*ay o( t%e "tat+e. 1%e mo"t $ointedly
ill+"trate" t%i" t%ro+.% t%e "+-8e*t matter it"el( )%i*% )%en ere*ted "o lon. a.o )a" meant to re$re"ent
end+rin. $oliti*al $o)er yet no) lie" in a "tate o( de(iant r+ination, it" le." "tandin. $ro+dly yet it"
(a*e "ma"%ed in %al(, a $rel+de o( t%in." to *ome. !%ro+.% t%i" "%e ill+"trate" t%at material art0" *laim
to $ermanen*e i" -+t a (alla*y ;1EE3 115I117<.
Bi-lio.ra$%y
/e((ernan, Dame" F. M+"e+m o( Ford" !%e 9oeti*" o( Ek$%ra"i" (rom /omer to '"%-ery. C%i*a.o
@ni4er"ity o( C%i*a.o 9re"". 1EE3.