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During the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s, the Puritan ideal of hard work being virtuous became stronger, though many workers pushed for more free time. Despite efforts to suppress leisure, participation grew in various popular activities. After the Civil War, popular culture like circuses, vaudeville, sports, and amusement parks flourished, while parks and public recreation also expanded through organizations like the Playground Association of America. Voluntary nonprofit groups emerged to promote recreation and leisure through organizations like the YMCA, YWCA, Boy Scouts, and Girl Scouts. The period saw changing attitudes toward leisure through the 1920s, Great Depression, World War 2, and post-war economic boom.
During the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s, the Puritan ideal of hard work being virtuous became stronger, though many workers pushed for more free time. Despite efforts to suppress leisure, participation grew in various popular activities. After the Civil War, popular culture like circuses, vaudeville, sports, and amusement parks flourished, while parks and public recreation also expanded through organizations like the Playground Association of America. Voluntary nonprofit groups emerged to promote recreation and leisure through organizations like the YMCA, YWCA, Boy Scouts, and Girl Scouts. The period saw changing attitudes toward leisure through the 1920s, Great Depression, World War 2, and post-war economic boom.
During the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s, the Puritan ideal of hard work being virtuous became stronger, though many workers pushed for more free time. Despite efforts to suppress leisure, participation grew in various popular activities. After the Civil War, popular culture like circuses, vaudeville, sports, and amusement parks flourished, while parks and public recreation also expanded through organizations like the Playground Association of America. Voluntary nonprofit groups emerged to promote recreation and leisure through organizations like the YMCA, YWCA, Boy Scouts, and Girl Scouts. The period saw changing attitudes toward leisure through the 1920s, Great Depression, World War 2, and post-war economic boom.
History of Leisure in Western Civilization (Part II) Industrial Revolution WWII
Leisure in the Industrial Revolution (1800s) The Puritan Ideal became stronger in the Industrial revolution Hard work would lead to salvation Work becomes the hallmark of American life, and the basis for social and moral values. People were made to feel guilty about playing. The managers of the mills, the mines, and the factories pushed for an industrial morality, calling for long hours, discipline, and denial of pleasures, respect for authority, and the turning from sin; the workers pushed for more free time for family prayer, reading the Bible, and attending church services and activities. Despite the efforts of the church to suppress leisure activities, there was increased participation in the early 1800s in minstrel shows, theater, dance halls, amusement parks, concerts, beer halls, horse racing, regattas, foot races, baseball, and boxing. Men go to work in the mills, mines, factories, and women were pushed to stay home Leisure after the Civil War (1865-early 1900s) Popular culture emerges Golden Age of the American Circus Vaudeville, minstrel shows, amusement parks, the American theater, and beer gardens begin to flourish Sports: baseball, basketball, football, track and field, gymnastics, gold, tennis, cricket, etc. American country clubs begin to flourish (upper class) The development of parks and public recreation Central Park, NY in 1853 Fairmount Park, Philadelphia in 1867 1872 - First National Park: Yellowstone. By 1900, 750 cities had set aside land for local public parks 1906 The Playground Association of America (PAA) By 1910, 336 cities were offering public recreation programs 1930 National Recreation Association 1945 NC establishes first state recreation commission 1965 NRPA The rise of voluntary (nonprofit) agencies The Muscular Christianity Movement (YMCA, 1851) (YWCA, 1866) 1885 Boston Sand Garden First playground in the united states Joseph Lee- The father of the American playground movement, Addams and Ellen Starr 1889 Established the Hull House in Chicago 1906 Boys Club 1910 Boy Scouts 1910 Camp Fire Girls and 1912 Girl scouts 1918- The Seven Cardinal Principles of Education included the worthy use of leisure time 1919-18th amendment called for prohibition 1920s The Jazz Age The roaring 20s 1930s The great depression and the New Deal 1940s WWII 1950s Great optimism, suburbanization, and TV 1960s Increased ;leisure, early retirement and time- saving devices 1970s Challenges to the Establishments 1980s The Me Generation 1990s Leisure as an industry