21 Worksheet (A2)

Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg

1
K
1
Specific latent heat of fusion of water = 3.4 10
5
J kg
1
1 escri!e the arrange"ent of ato"s# the forces !etween the ato"s an$ the "otion of the
ato"s in%
a a soli$ &3'
b a li(ui$ &3'
c a gas. &3'
2 ) s"all a"ount of gas is trappe$ insi$e a container. escri!e the "otion of the gas ato"s
as the te"perature of the gas within the container is increase$. &3'
3 a efine the internal energy of a su!stance. &1'
b *he te"perature of an alu"iniu" !lock increases when it is place$ in the fla"e of a
+unsen !urner. ,-plain why this causes an increase in its internal energy. &3'
c ) lu"p of "etal is "elting in a hot o.en at a te"perature of /00 01.
,-plain whether its internal energy is increasing or $ecreasing as it "elts. &4'
4 2rite a wor$ e(uation for the change in the ther"al energy of a su!stance in ter"s of its
"ass# the specific heat capacity of the su!stance an$ its change of te"perature. &1'
5 *he specific heat capacity of a su!stance is "easure$ in the units J kg
1
K
1
# whereas
its specific latent heat of fusion is "easure$ in J kg
1
. ,-plain why the units are $ifferent. &2'
6 uring a hot su""er3s $ay# the te"perature of /.0 10
5
kg of water in a swi""ing pool
increases fro" 21 01 to 24 01. 1alculate the change in the internal energy of the water. &3'
7 ) 300 g !lock of iron cools fro" 300 01 to roo" te"perature at 20 01. *he specific heat
capacity of iron is 440 J kg
1
K
1
. 1alculate the heat release$ !y the !lock of iron. &3'
8 1alculate the energy that "ust !e re"o.e$ fro" 200 g of water at 0 01 to con.ert it all
into ice at 0 01. &2'
)S an$ ) 5e.el 6hysics 7riginal "aterial 8 1a"!ri$ge 9ni.ersity 6ress 2010 1
21 Worksheet (A2)
9 a 1hange the following te"peratures fro" $egrees 1elsius into kel.in.
i 0 01
ii :0 01
iii 120 01 &3'
b 1hange the following te"peratures fro" kel.in into $egrees 1elsius.
i 400 K
ii 2;2 K
iii 3 K &3'
10 )n electrical heater is use$ to heat 100 g of water in a well<insulate$ container at a stea$y
rate. *he te"perature of the water increases !y 15 01 when the heater is operate$ for a
perio$ of 5.0 "inutes. eter"ine the change of te"perature of the water when the sa"e
heater an$ container are in$i.i$ually use$ to heat%
a 300 g of water for the sa"e perio$ of ti"e &3'
b 100 g of water for a ti"e of 2.5 "inutes. &3'
11 *he graph !elow shows the .ariation of the te"perature of 200 g of lea$ as it is heate$
at a stea$y rate.
a 9se the graph to state the "elting point of lea$. &1'
b ,-plain why the graph is a straight line at the start. &1'
c ,-plain what happens to the energy supplie$ to the lea$ as it "elts at a constant
te"perature. &1'
d *he initial te"perature of the lea$ is 0 01. 9se the graph to $eter"ine the total
energy supplie$ to the lea$ !efore it starts to "elt. &3'
=*he specific heat capacity of lea$ is 130 J kg
1
K
1
.>
e 9se your answer to d to $eter"ine the rate of heating of the lea$. &2'
f )ssu"ing that energy continues to !e supplie$ at the sa"e rate# calculate the
specific latent heat of fusion of lea$. &3'
)S an$ ) 5e.el 6hysics 7riginal "aterial 8 1a"!ri$ge 9ni.ersity 6ress 2010 2
21 Worksheet (A2)
12 *he $iagra" shows pipe$ water !eing heate$ !y an electrical heater.
*he water flows through the heater at a rate of 0.015 kg s
1
. *he heater war"s the water
fro" 15 01 to 42 01. )ssu"ing that all the energy fro" the heater is transferre$ to
heating the water# calculate the power of the heater. &5'
13 ) gas is hel$ in a cylin$er !y a friction<free piston. 2hen the force hol$ing the piston in
place is re"o.e$# the gas e-pan$s an$ pushes the piston outwar$s.
,-plain why the te"perature of the gas falls. &2'
14 ?ot water of "ass 300 g an$ at a te"perature of 40 01 is a$$e$ to 200 g of col$ water
at 10 01. 2hat is the final te"perature of the "i-ture@ Aou "ay assu"e there are no
losses to the en.iron"ent an$ all heat transfer takes place !etween the hot water an$
the col$ water. &5'
15 ) "etal cu!e of "ass ;5 g is heate$ in a nake$ fla"e until it is re$ hot. *he "etal !lock is
(uickly transferre$ to 200 g of col$ water. *he water is well stirre$. *he graph shows the
.ariation of the te"perature of the water recor$e$ !y a $atalogger $uring the e-peri"ent.
*he "etal has a specific heat capacity of 500 J kg
1
K
1
. 9se the a$$itional infor"ation
pro.i$e$ in the graph to $eter"ine the initial te"perature of the "etal cu!e. Aou "ay
assu"e there are no losses to the en.iron"ent an$ all heat transfer takes place !etween
the "etal !lock an$ the water. &5'
*otal%
;1
Score% B
)S an$ ) 5e.el 6hysics 7riginal "aterial 8 1a"!ri$ge 9ni.ersity 6ress 2010 3