Project in

Physics
(Motion,Problem set)

Sub,by:Ordonez John
Kenneth D.
Sub,to: Raldy T.
Balintad

` Distance and Displacement
Problem:
An object moves from point A to point B to
point C, then back to point B and then to point
C along the line shown in the figure below.

a) Find the distance covered by the moving
object.

b) Find the magnitude and direction of the
displacement of the object.

Solution:

a) distance = AB + BC + CB + BC = 5 + 4 + 4 +
4 = 17 km

b) The magnitude of the displacement is equal
to the distance between the final point C and
the initial point A = AC = 9 km

The direction of the displacement is the
direction of the ray AB.





` SPEED AND VELOCITY
1. Problem:
A man walks 7 km in 2 hours and 2 km in 1
hour in the same direction.

a) What is the man's average speed for the
whole journey?

b) What is the man's average velocity for the
whole journey?

Solution:

a)

average
speed =
distance
time
=
7 km + 2
km
2 hours + 1
hour
=
9 km
3
hours
= 3
km/h

b)
average
velocity =
displacement
time
=
7 km + 2
km
2 hours +
1 hour
=
9 km
3
hours
= 3
km/h

2. Problem:
A man walks 7 km East in 2 hours and then 2.5
km West in 1 hour.

a) What is the man's average speed for the
whole journey?

b) What is the man's average velocity for the
whole journey?
Solution:

a)

average
speed =

distance
time
=
7 km
+ 2.5
km
2
hours
+ 1
hour
=
9.5
km
3
hours
= 3.2 km/h
(approximated to
the nearest tenth)
b)
average
velocity =
displacement
time
=
7 km -
2.5 km
2 hours +
1 hour
=
4.5
km
3
hours
= 1.5
km/h

3. Problem:
John drove South 120 km at 60 km/h and then
East 150 km at 50 km/h. Determine

a) the average speed for the whole journey?

b) the magnitude of the average velocity for the
whole journey?


Solution:

a)



The time t1 to cover 120 km at a speed of 60
km/h is given by

t1 = 120 / 60 = 2 hours

The time t2 to cover 150 km at a speed of 50
km/h is given by

t2 = 150 / 50 = 3 hours


average
speed =
distance
time
=
120 km +
150 km
=
270
km
= 54
km/h
2 hours + 3
hours
5
hours
b) The magnitude of the displacement is the
distance AC between the final point and the
starting point and is calculated using
Pythagora's theorem as follows

AC
2
= 120
2
+ 150
2
AC = (14400+22500) = 30
41 km
average
velocity =

displacement
time
=
30 41
km
2 hours
+ 3
hour
= 38.4 km/h
(approximated)


`ACCELERATION

1.Problem:
From rest, a car accelerated at 8 m/s
2
for 10
seconds.

a) What is the position of the car at the end of
the 10 seconds?

b) What is the velocity of the car at the end of
the 10 seconds?


Solution:

a) The car starts from rest therefore the
initial speed u = 0. Nothing is said about the
initial position and we therefore assume it is
equal to 0. Hence the position x is given by
the equation

x = (1/2) a t
2


where a is the acceleration (=8 m/s
2
) and t
is the period of time between initial and final
positions

x = (1/2)8 (10)
2
= 400 m

b) The velocity v of the car at the end of the
10 seconds is given by

v = a t = 8 * 10 = 80 m/s



2.Problem:


A boy on a bicycle increases his velocity from 5
m/s to 20 m/s in 10 seconds.

a) What is the acceleration of the bicycle?

b) What distance was covered by the bicycle
during the 10 seconds?



Solution:

a) In this problem the initial velocity u = 5 m/s
and the final velocity v = 20 m/s. The
acceleration a of the bicycle is the rate of
change of the velocity and is given as follows
a =
v - u
t
=
20 m/s - 5 m/s
10 seconds
= 1.5 m/s
2

b) There are two ways to find the distance
covered by the bicyle in t = 10 seconds.

1) x = (1/2)(v + u) t = 0.5 (20 + 5) 10 = 125
m

2) x = (1/2) a t
2
+ u t = 0.5 * 1.5 * 100 + 5 *
10 = 125 m




3.Problem:
What is the smallest distance, in meters,
needed for an airplane touching the runway
with a velocity of 360 km/h and an acceleration
of -10 m/s
2
to come to rest?


Solution:

a) In this problem the initial velocity u = 360
km/h, the final velocity v = 0 (rest) and the
acceleration a = -10 m/s
2
. The distance x can
be calculated using the formula

v
2
= u
2
+ 2 a x

Convert 360 km/h into m/s: 360 km/h = (360
000 m) /(3600 s) = 100 m/s

x = ( v
2
- u
2
) / (2 a) = (0 - 10,000) / (-20) =
500 me
`FREE FALL
1.Problem:
An airplane accelerates down a runway at 3.20 m/s
2
for 32.8 s until is
finally lifts off the ground. Determine the distance traveled before
takeoff.
Given:
a = +3.2 m/s
2
t = 32.8 s v
i
= 0 m/s
Find: d=??

d = v
i
*t + 0.5*a*t
2

d = (0 m/s)*(32.8 s)+ 0.5*(3.20 m/s
2
)*(32.8 s)
2

d = 1720 m

1.Problem:
A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a time of 5.21
seconds for a distance of 110 m. Determine the acceleration of the car.
Given:
d = 110 m t = 5.21 s v
i
= 0 m/s

Find:
a = ??
d = v
i
*t + 0.5*a*t
2

110 m = (0 m/s)*(5.21 s)+ 0.5*(a)*(5.21 s)
2

110 m = (13.57 s
2
)*a
a = (110 m)/(13.57 s
2
)
a = 8.10 m/ s
2


3.Problem:
A race car accelerates uniformly from 18.5 m/s to 46.1 m/s in 2.47
seconds. Determine the acceleration of the car and the distance
traveled.
Given:
v
i
= 18.5 m/s v
f
= 46.1 m/s t = 2.47 s

Find:
d = ??
a = ??
a = (Delta v)/t
a = (46.1 m/s - 18.5 m/s)/(2.47 s)
a = 11.2 m/s
2

d = v
i
*t + 0.5*a*t
2

d = (18.5 m/s)*(2.47 s)+ 0.5*(11.2 m/s
2
)*(2.47 s)
2

d = 45.7 m + 34.1 m
d = 79.8 m