One of the gang

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GRAMMAR
Present Simple
We use the Present Simple for
habits and routines: I go to the tennis club every
Monday. The tennis coach doesnt work here in the
winter.
facts: You become a teenager when you are thirteen.
Do British people have ID cards?
generalisations: Lots of young people are sports
fans. Teenagers often argue with their parents.
State verbs (seem, like, feel etc.) are usually in the
Present Simple:
You seem interested in photography.
Do you prefer colour or black and white?
Adverbs of frequency (occasionally, often, never,
always etc.) with the Present Simple show how often
things happen. We put them
before a main verb: He occasionally goes to rock
concerts.
after to be: She is often at home on Sunday
evenings.
between auxiliary (e.g. can, do, have) and main
verbs: We dont usually go to away games. You can
always get a taxi at the station.
Present Continuous
We use the Present Continuous for
things which are happening now: Im making
a poster for the school chess club now.
Shes not sleeping, you can go in.
temporary situations: At the moment, hes working
for a charity. Are you staying with your parents until
term starts?
changing situations: More people are joining
internet forums these days. Is the chess club
becoming less popular?
Time expressions (now, these days, at the moment
etc.) usually go at the beginning or end of the
sentence.
1 Label the words in order from all (100%) to none (0%)
of the time.
always
never
occasionally
often
usually
2 Look at the information about Joeys evenings and
choose the best alternative for each sentence.
TV homework basketball friends
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
In the evening
1 Joey sometimes / often meets his friends.
2 Joey always / usually watches TV.
3 Joey usually / sometimes plays basketball.
4 Joey occasionally / never does homework.
3 Find the errors with the position of the adverbs in the
sentences. Write a tick for correct sentences and
a cross for incorrect ones.
Members of a fan club usually can
buy cheap tickets.
1 My schools societies meet never
on Fridays.
2 People dont work usually full-time
when they are studying.
3 Always I feel good when I give money
to charity.
4 Her favourite music is hip hop but she
sometimes listens to soul.
5 They travel often by coach to away
games.
6 Do you often get a seat on the
supporters coach?
7 I usually am at home on Saturday
evenings.
8 She nishes her homework never
before midnight.
9 Does he always help you with your
homework?
10 She often is tired when she gets home
from work.
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One of the gang
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4 Choose the unnecessary word or phrase in each
sentence.
1 At the moment I work very hard every
Saturday.
2 She is sometimes living with her aunt until
she goes back to London.
3 Were not always going shopping much these
days.
4 I every weekend go for a long ride on
Sundays.
5 She now is talking to him now.
6 He sometimes has no time right now so you
cant talk to him.
5 Complete the sentences with the correct alternatives.
1 People often a club to make new
friends.
a are joining c join
b joins d arent joining
2 At the moment, I lots of new friends.
a make c m making
b s making d makes
3 you the supporters clubs
Internet address?
a Are knowing c Can know
b Does know d Do know
4 He always the clubs newsletter.
a writes c write
b is writing d doesnt write
5 Paul and Sue the car to work this
week instead of the bus because its so cold.
a take c is taking
b takes d are taking
6 the phone or is it a car
alarm?
a Does ring c Does ringing
b Is ringing d Is ring
7 The clubs committee members a lot
at the moment.
a argue c is arguing
b argues d are arguing
8 This year, the number of club members
very quickly.
a is growing c are growing
b grows d growing
9 In Britain, people more money to
animal charities than to childrens charities.
a are giving c doesnt give
b arent giving d give
10 he to the Scouts?
a Is belonging c Do belong
b Does belong d Do belongs
11 They young people in their club.
a arent wanting c doesnt want
b arent want d dont want
6 Write the sentences. Use the correct forms of the
verbs, either Present Simple or Present Continuous.
she / never / use / the Internet.
She never uses the Internet.
1 more young people / join / the Scouts / these
days?

2 parents / always / not understand / their
children / problems.

3 she / not do / a lot of work for charity at the
moment.

4 the club / not have / a website.

5 he / be / happier now that he / know / more
people.

6 you / listen to / the concert?

7 I / not support / a political party.

8 every week / she / forget / the time of the
meeting.

9 we / wait / for / the rain / to stop / before
/ we / go out

10 it / not snow / at the moment.

7 Complete the conversation with the correct forms of
the verbs in brackets.
Kay What do you usually do (do) at
the weekends?
Mark I
1
(spend) a lot of my weekends
camping because I
2
(belong) to the
Scouts.
Kay
3
you (go) camping every
weekend?
Mark No, not every weekend.
Kay What about this weekend?
Mark I
4
(do) exams at the moment so
I
5
(spend) this weekend revising.
Kay Why
6
you (belong) to the
Scouts?
Mark I
7
(not like) watching TV, I
8

(prefer) outdoor activities.
Kay
9
the organisation (grow)
these days?
Mark Yes, it is. And at the moment, I
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(organise) open days to attract new
members.
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Country music is wonderful, it has
such emotion and fantastic lyrics.
I dont understand this painting. Its
just lines and spots.
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8 Complete the text with the correct forms of the verbs
in the box.
allow be build do go have join learn
live save train work
SPEAKING
1 Match the beginnings and endings to make phrases.
1 That may
2 Im sorry but I cant
3 Thats a
4 Youve got
5 No
6 I agree
7 Come
8 Im afraid I have
a way!
b off it!
c up to a point.
d be true but
e good point.
f to disagree.
g a point but
h agree with you.
2
T2

Choose the correct phrases to complete the
conversation. Then listen to check.
Mr Gordon Grafti everywhere! Its so ugly.
Carl Come off it! / I couldnt agree
more. Grafti is OK, Dad. I think
grafti is art.
Mr Gordon Oh,
1
Im afraid I have to disagree
with you / I agree with you up to a
point, Carl. Grafti is not art. Its just
vandalism.
Mrs Gordon Hmm.
2
I agree with you up to
a point / Im afraid I have to
disagree. But Carl
3
has a good
point / is so true as well. Some
grafti is really clever.
Mr Gordon Well,
4
that may be true but / thats
so true a lot of grafti isnt. And why
not paint inside if they are artists?
Carl
5
No way / I couldnt agree with
you more! Grafti has to be outside.
Otherwise its not grafti at all!
Mrs Gordon
6
Come off it / Youve got a point
but what if the building belongs to
somebody? There should be special
places for it, not just ordinary
buildings.
Mr Gordon
7
I couldnt agree more! / Im
sorry but I cant agree with you.
Somewhere else, not all over the
railway station!
3 Choose the best ending for each sentence.
Raleigh International s a youth development
charity that
1
with young people aged
1724. Young people of all nationalities take
part in their home country or abroad. The
expeditions
2
self-condence and skills
and encourage the young people to understand
more about the needs of others. Nitin Rishi,
a volunteer from India, joined a Raleigh
expedition in his home country and says,
I decided to join Raleigh because I wanted to
learn more about developmental work, do some
travelling and get a true insight into the ways
different people
3
their lives.
The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl
Scouts is the sister organisation of the Scouts.
This worldwide organisation
4
more
than 10 million members in 144 countries. Girls
5
the Guides to develop leadership and
life skills. This year, 23,000 Guides and Scouts
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to a big international meeting in
Sweden. Guide Katy Dawes said, I am very
excited about going to Sweden. At the moment,
I
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all my spare money for a new
sleeping bag and rucksack.
The Duke of Edinburghs Award scheme is
a voluntary, non-competitive programme of
activities that lead to bronze, silver and gold
awards. The programme
8
people
aged 1425 to do individual challenges which
are exciting and fun. I nished my bronze
award when I was sixteen. Now I
9

my silver award. I
10
a new skill,
guitar making, and for my community service,
I
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a junior football team.
1 Oh, come off it! Its terrible / I love it.
2 Youve got a good point but I think its great /
I prefer metal.
3 That may be true but its really not very
interesting / the colours are beautiful.
4 I couldnt agree more! It doesnt make any
sense / Its very clever.
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GRAMMAR
Reflexive pronouns
Subject Object Reexive pronoun
I me myself
he him himself
she her herself
it it itself
we us ourselves
you you
yourself (singular)
yourselves (plural)
they them themselves
We use reexive pronouns
when the subject and object of the sentence are the
same person or thing:
He looks at himself in every shop window!
The cat washes itself a lot.
Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
to stress that something is done without help/
independently:
My mums a hairdresser but I always cut my hair
myself.
Did they build the boat themselves?
My great-grandmother is 92 but she drives herself
everywhere.
to stress the subject or object only:
I complained to the manager herself.
The hotel itself was quiet but the resort was very
noisy.
The dog itself wasnt the cause of the accident.
Mind the trap!
Theyre
throwing
water over
themselves.
Theyre
throwing
water over
each other.
1 These are all common expressions with reflexive
pronouns. Match expressions AE to pictures
14. There is one expression you dont need.
A Come in! Make yourselves at home!
B Please help yourselves.
C Dont blame yourselves.
D Be good, and behave yourselves!
E See you later. Enjoy yourselves!
2 Choose the correct reflexive pronouns.
He talks about himself / herself a lot.
1 I hurt ourselves / myself at my judo
class.
2 The politician lied about herself /
ourselves.
3 The Scouts carried their tents
himself / themselves.
4 Molly, please sit down and help
yourself / yourselves to a sandwich.
5 They enjoyed herself / themselves
at the football match.
6 Tom and I cooked themselves /
ourselves a huge meal.
7 If the temperature drops, the heating
will turn itself / himself on.
8 When the train starts to move, the
doors lock themselves / itself.
3 Tick the sentences in Exercise 2 where the
pronoun means independently.
1
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4 Complete the sentences with reflexive pronouns.
My dad taught hmself to play the piano.
1 My grandmother cut when she
was making lunch.
2 I cant forgive for the terrible
things I said.
3 The twins always buy an
enormous cake on their birthday.
4 Come to my party, Leo youll enjoy
.
5 When Jake looked at the photograph he
could see in his grandfathers
face.
6 Well win the match if we believe in
.
7 We have a noisy pet parrot which talks
to all the time.
8 Why dont you and Adam take
away for a long weekend?
9 Jess is unhappy because she doesnt like
very much.
5 Complete the text with reflexive pronouns,
pronouns or each other.
READING
1
T3

Read the article by a newspapers dance critic and
match headings AH with paragraphs 15. There are three
headings you dont need. Then listen and check.
A Why I love going to the ballet
B Where the idea came from
C Why I was worried
D Romeo and Juliet is the perfect choice
E A new star is born in Chicago
F How they found the young people
G My nal thoughts
H A dancers life
2 Read the article again and choose the best alternatives.
1 The article is about
a a professional ballet performance.
b why young people become criminals.
c an unusual ballet performance.
d the ballet of Romeo and Juliet.
2 At the beginning of the evening, the critic thought
the ballet was a idea.
a great c crazy
b harmless d fascinating
3 The critic thought the performance was going
to be bad.
a probably c not
b possibly d denitely
4 The two men wanted to make a programme in
which
a amateur singers and dancers got jobs in a
musical.
b professional dancers taught criminals to dance.
c ballet helped young people develop self-
condence.
d ballet dancers worked for a young peoples
charity.
5 The two men .
a had no experience of working with young
people
b met while working together
c worked together before the project
d knew each other before the project
6 chose the young people.
a Teenagers from an earlier project
b Professional dancers
c People with experience of difcult teenagers
d The two men and a television company
7 They chose Romeo and Juliet because
a teenagers can recognise the problems in it.
b there are mirrors in it for the dancers to look in.
c its a funny story that everyone enjoys.
d the music and choreography are good.
8 At the end of the evening, the critic said
a the performance was not very good.
b the performers werent good enough.
c the performance changed her mind.
d the performers were mad.
My dad is a fan of Joan Armatrading, a
British singer-songwriter. I dont like her very
much myself but my dad says shes fantastic.
She writes most of her songs
1

and she always accompanies
2

on the guitar. She played for Nelson Mandela
3
at his 70
th
birthday party at
Wembley Stadium in London.
There are lots of other Joan Armatrading
fans and they send
4
emails
about her music and concerts. My dad is
also a member of an Internet fan club which
sends
5
a newsletter every
month. Every time he gets the newsletter
he nds something he wants to buy
6
like a new Joan T-shirt or
a rare recording.
7
think he
should spend the money on
8
,
not himself!
My dads favourite Joan Armatrading album
is Me, Myself, I and he plays it all the time.
When my brother and I complain he says,
When you have your own homes, you can
please
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!
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1 Last night I was worried, very worried. I had the job
of going to watch amateur ballet dancers performing on
stage with one of the UKs top professional ballet
companies. A performance like this seemed very risky
and I asked myself, Are they mad? Before I tell you the
answer, Ill tell you why I had such big doubts.
2 The idea of mixing amateur and professional
dancers started a couple of years ago when two
friends with very different jobs found a way of working
together. One of the men had created an award-
winning TV series, Musicality, in which amateurs
trained to perform in the musical Chicago. The other
man runs a charity called Youth at Risk which works
with young people who have serious problems with
aggression and antisocial behaviour. Although it was a
risk, the two men thought they could make a TV
programme in which ballet changed the lives of young
people with problems.
3 Their idea was this: if the young people could
accept the strict discipline and challenge of ballet
training, it would build their self-esteem and give them
new condence in themselves. The rst step was to
Can ballet
change lives?
nd suitable teenagers to take part and they asked
teachers and youth workers already working
professionally with young people at risk to nd
candidates for the project. Through them 300 young
people joined the programme and although about half
dropped out, in the end sixty teenagers appeared on
stage in the public performance.
4 The ballet they chose was Sergei Prokoevs
Romeo and Juliet, choreographed by Sir Kenneth
MacMillan. The story of Romeo and Juliet includes
family conict, the generation gap, gangs, murder,
young love and teenage suicide so it is the perfect
mirror for the lives of troubled young people in todays
society.
5 Going back to my original question: Are they
mad? The answer is denitely no. As soon as the
ballet started, my worries disappeared. It was amazing
how these unlikely dancers were magically
transformed into their characters. At the end of the
evening I was left with this thought: ballet can change
lives. It is a dancing cure, not a talking cure; it is silent
so it stops arguments.
ARTS | BALLET
12 March ARTS MONTHLY 35
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WORD LIST
Clubs/Societies/
University life
annual event
belong to
charity
chav
clique
Debating Society
fan club
nal exam
rst-year student
fresher
gang
goth
guest speaker
half-term holiday
Internet group/forum
join
member
membership card
political party
scouting organisation
sports club/team
support (v)
supporters club
training session
university
Lifestyles/Relationships
antisocial
at weekends
be late for
boyfriend
bump into sb
calm down
close relationship
competition
computer game
enjoy yourself
fool around
get on with sb
get to know
go camping
go dancing
go out together
hang around
have fun
interests
lifestyle
make friends
married
(musical) taste
party
put on (a disco)
put up with
relationship
role model
youth (adj)
Appearance/Clothes
and accessories
accessory
appearance
baggy
bargain
baseball cap
belt
blouse
boot
bracelet
brand new
brush (v)
cap
cardigan
chain
coat (n)
cotton
denim
dress (n)
dress (v)
earring
eyeliner
fashion
fashionable
gold
hood
jeans
jewellery
leather
lipstick
mascara
necklace
nylon
old-fashioned
patch
piercing (n)
polo shirt
ripped
sale
shave
shirt
shorts
silk
silver
socks
striped
sweatshirt
T-shirt
top (n)
tracksuit
trainer
trendy
try on
wear (v)
woollen
Other
attend (school)
behave
care about sth
complain
confusing
district
go down
harmless
hurry (v)
laziness
litter
noisy
rude
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VOCABULARY
1 Complete the gaps with words from the Word List.
Noun Adjective
bag baggy
1 fashionable
2 noise
3 confusion
4 lazy
5 interesting
6 trend
2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
She has a large bag where she keeps all her
make-up.
1 I like those jeans with patches on them
theyre .
2 Please turn the volume down, Im nding the
music really .
3 Paris is the centre of the world.
4 He just sits around all day doing no work.
Hes so .
3 Complete the sentences with the correct verbs and
prepositions from the Word List.
Do you often go out with friends in the
evenings?
1 C d and tell me why you are
crying.
2 On Saturdays I often b i school
friends in town.
3 My parents worry because my younger sister
h a on street corners with a
gang.
4 We all f a in lessons sometimes
you cant always be serious.
4 Complete the definitions with nouns from the Word
List.
tracksut (n) a set of clothes designed for
doing sport, made up of a top and pants
1 (n) a small group of people who
spend time together and dont let others join
them
2 (n) an organised group of people
who all like a certain team or famous person
3 (plural n) sports shoes often worn
casually
4 (n) jewellery which you wear on
your wrist
5 (n) someone whose behaviour,
ideas, etc. people try to copy because they
want to be like them
6 (n) a part of a town or city
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5 Choose the best alternatives to complete the fashion
report.
1 Starting from the top: Geo is looking good
in a
1
. He is wearing a
2
top with a
3

and
4
trousers. To complete this fantastic
look, he has a
5
chain around his neck.
2 Now we have Frankie in a
6
skirt and a
7

leather jacket. She is also wearing
8
socks
and trainers. She has very 1960s make up
with heavy
9
and mascara.
3 Heres Natasha in
10
jeans with a
fashionable
11
on the knee and with a black
leather
12
. Her
13
boots are also very
fashionable. Shes also wearing a
14
T-shirt.
Unfortunately, Im not so sure about those
15
earrings shes wearing they look cheap
and nasty.
1 a bracelet b fashion c baseball cap
2 a fashionable b ripped c silk
3 a belt b hood c patch
4 a leather b short c baggy
5 a silk b nylon c gold
6 a jeans b combat c denim
7 a trendy black
b black fashionable
c bright black
8 a baggy woollen
b woollen red
c striped woollen
9 a top b earrings c eyeliner
10 a leather beige b ripped c baggy
11 a chain b logo c patch
12 a bracelet b hood c belt
13 a long b short c cropped
14 a cotton light
b trendy cotton
c horrible white
15 a big round b drop c fashionable gold
6 Choose the odd-one-out.
white striped brown leather
1 nylon ripped silk cotton
2 tight denim baggy ripped
3 mascara eyeliner lipstick earrings
4 striped studded tight ripped
5 patch chain bracelet earrings
6 cap hood hat top
7 trendy fashionable tight smart
Extend your vocabulary
1 Study the definitions of the phrasal verbs with hang.
Complete the sentences.
hang around (inf.): to spend time somewhere doing
nothing
hang on: used to ask someone to wait
hang on to: to keep something
hang out: to put washed clothes outside to dry
hang out with (inf.): spend a lot of time with
someone
hang over: if something bad is hanging over you,
you are worried about it
hang up: to end a phone call
The weather was terrible so I couldnt
hang out the washing in the garden.
1 It was very busy at the ticket ofce so I
decided to until the queue got
smaller.
2 ! Im not ready yet.
3 Youll need to your ticket until the
end of the journey.
4 Dont ! I havent nished!
5 While this terrible problem her, she
cant relax.
6 When we were younger we used to
outside the park.
7 I like to my friends during the
holidays.
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GRAMMAR
Zero, First and Second conditionals with if
With all conditional sentences:
One thing must happen (condition) before the second can happen
(result).
There are two clauses (parts): the if clause tells you the condition
and the other part tells you the result.
Either clause can be rst. We use a comma when the if clause is
rst.
There can be a mix of positive and negative verbs in the two
clauses.
We use the Zero Conditional ( if condition and result: Present Simple)
to talk about conditions which are always true:
She always takes her dog to the beach if its sunny.
Do dogs bark if they are frightened?
We use the First Conditional ( if condition: Present Simple result:
will + innitive) to talk about conditions that are possible or likely to
happen:
If we leave the dog alone all day, it will destroy the furniture.
If we buy you a cat , will you look after it?
We use the Second Conditional ( if condition: Past Simple result:
would + innitive) for unlikely or impossible situations in the present
or future:
I d be surprised if my parents bought me a pet. They both hate
animals.
If you went on a safari, where would you go?
Note If he were my son, Id send him to college. = If he was my
son, Id send him to college. but its more formal. However, when the
function is to give advice, we normally use the xed phrase, If I were
you, Id
Other conditional clauses
As soon as or when both mean at that time. We use them for
conditions that are denitely going to happen: As soon as he
arrives, well have dinner. Well have dinner when he arrives.
As long as and provided that both mean if the condition is agreed
or met. We use them to stress the condition on which something
happens:
As long as you need me, Ill stay here.
You can get a dog provided (that) it sleeps in the kitchen .
Unless is used instead of if + a negative statement. It means if the
condition doesnt happen or isnt met:
Unless you turn off the light, the baby wont sleep.

Mind the trap!
The First Conditional if clause is about the future, but we
always use the Present Simple, not will .
If we go away NOT If we will go away

1 Match actions 16 with results af.
Write the Zero Conditional sentences
with if + it .
look after a dog properly c
1 put oil on water c
2 a bee stings you c
3 crocodile loses a tooth c
4 predator pulls a lizards tail c
5 an ostrich is frightened c
a die
b put/head in the ground
c grow/a new one
d fall off
e oat
f live/for about 12 years
If you look after a dog
properly, t lves for about 12
years.
1

2

3

4

5

2 Complete the sentences with the
Second Conditional forms of the verbs
in brackets.
If I had (have) a million dollars,
I d never work (work) again.
1 If I (fall) in
love with you, you
(promise) to be true?
2 you still (love) me
if I (lose) everything?
3 If they (want) us to
help them, they (call)
us.
4 We (go) to the
Caribbean on holiday if we
(have) enough money.
5 If you (tell) me the
end of the lm, I (not
want) to watch it.

f
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3 Use the prompts below to write First or Second
Conditional questions. Then correct the mistake in
each answer.
1 A What will you do if (not have)
time to nish your homework?
B If I didnt have time to nish my
homework, Ill ask my friend to help in the
morning.
2 A What (do) if a dog bit you?
B If a dog bit me, Ill go to the doctors.
3 A What would you buy if someone
(give) you a million dollars?
B If someone gives me a million dollars, Id
buy a brand new red Ferrari.
4 A If a Hollywood producer asked you to star
in a movie, what (say)?
B I'll say yes if a Hollywood producer asked
me that!
5 A How (get) home if you miss the
last bus home?
B I would walk if I miss the last bus.
6 A How would you react if there
(be) an elephant in the classroom?
B If there will be an elephant in the
classroom, I would give it a peanut!
4 Complete the second sentence so it has the same
meaning as the first.
Well go on holiday at the end of term.
As soon as the term ends well go on
holday.
1 If you dont work hard, you wont pass your
exams.
Unless

2 You can have a pet if you promise to look
after it properly.
Provided

3 Ill go home and take the dog for a walk.
As soon as

4 If our cat has somewhere warm to sleep,
shes happy.
As long as

5 You shouldnt get a big dog if you havent got
a garden.
Unless

6 The dog whines if we leave it alone.
When

5 Complete the conversation with Zero, First or Second
Conditional sentences.
Child Oh, please, Mum. Can I have a
dog?
Mum No, you cant. If I bought (buy)
you a dog, you wouldnt take (not
take) it for walks.
Child Oh, please, I promise. If you
1
(buy) me a dog,
I (take) it for a walk
every day.
Mum No, you wont! I know you.
Shop assistant What about a cat? When you
2
(have) a cat, you
(not have to take) it for
walks.
Child Can I have a cat?
Mum No, Im sorry, you denitely cant
have a cat. Unless we
3

(keep) it indoors all the time, it
(bring) dead birds home.
Shop assistant What about a mouse? If you
4
(get) a mouse, it
(live) in a cage.
Mum Would it smell bad?
Shop assistant No, they are easy to look after. If
you
5
(clean) a mouses
cage regularly, it (not
smell) bad.
Child Oh, please, Mum.
Mum OK, provided that you
6

(promise) to look after it properly,
I (buy) a mouse for you.
Child I promise. Every day when I
7
(come) home from
school, I (feed) it and
(clean) the cage.
Mum As long as you do that, you can
have it. If you ever
8

(forget), I (bring) it
back to the shop. Do you
understand?
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50
LISTENING SPEAKING
1
T15

Read questions 14. Then listen and choose the
best alternative.
1 The person is
a speaking in a school lesson
b taking part in a family discussion
c giving a presentation to an audience
d taking part in a radio programme
2 The speaker and the host
a dont know each other
b know each other a little
c have only met recently
d are old friends
3 The most popular pets for the audience are
a small dogs
b big dogs
c cats
d birds
4 The speaker and the host
a both own cats
b both own dogs
c own a dog (the host) and a cat (the
speaker)
d own a cat (the host) and a dog (the
speaker)
2
T15

Listen again. Are the statements true (T) or
false (F)?
1 The audience is very large. c
2 More than half of the audience own dogs. c
3 Small dogs are popular with shy people. c
4 One reason for owning a small dog is
how it looks. c
5 Owners of big dogs are often not very
sociable. c
6 Busy people often own cats. c
7 Reptile owners travel a lot. c
8 Owners of parrots are usually very
outgoing. c
1
T16

Complete the conversation with words or
phrases from the box. Then listen to check.
ought shouldnt appreciate might find
if I were you at a loss worth ought not
a good idea remember
Martin Hello. I want to get a new pet
something exotic and Id really

1
your advice. Do tarantulas
make good pets?
Vet Well, that depends. They are fascinating
animals and they dont need much
attention, but its not
2
to
handle them too much, so you
3

pick them up very much, for example.
Martin Are they easy to look after?
Vet Generally, yes. Tarantulas need a
good tank to live in but its not
4

buying one too big as they dont
need much space.
5
to make
sure the tank has a good strong lid
tarantulas are very good at escaping!
You
6
to give the spider a place
to hide as well, you can buy something
from the pet shop for that.
Martin Are tarantulas dangerous?
Vet Not really. They bite sometimes if
theyre frightened but theyre not really
dangerous. You
7
it useful to
read a bit about tarantulas before you
buy one. There are a lot of books on
them.
Martin Thats really interesting, thanks, but Im
still not sure. Its a big decision To be
honest, Im
8
as to what to do.
Vet Well, I cant tell you that! You
9

to make a decision without thinking
about it carefully, so
10
Id go
home and have a think. If youre still
interested tomorrow then come back
and well talk some more.
2 Choose the incorrect word in each sentence.
1 Ive no idea how nding a job.
2 Im on my wits end.
3 Where dont you look in the library?
4 Im really appreciate your advice.
5 You might nd this useful to plan it before
you start.
6 Remember to asking your parents rst.
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Animal magic
0
6
Ever yone agr ees t hat we shoul d be as humane t owar ds
ani mal s as possi bl e and t r eat t hemwel l .

However , not
ever yone agr ees what t hi s means i n pr act i cal t er ms: i s i t
st i l l humane t o ki l l ani mal s f or f ood, or shoul d peopl e
st op eat i ng meat and become veget ar i ans?
Many peopl e t oday ar e choosi ng t o become veget ar i ans.
Fi r st l y, t hey t hi nk t hat eat i ng meat i s wr ong and t hat
ki l l i ng ani mal s f or f ood i s cr uel . Secondl y, pr oduci ng
meat i s expensi ve: i t woul d be mor e ef f i ci ent t o f eed
peopl e t he pl ant f ood i nst ead of t he meat . Fur t her mor e,
many peopl e bel i eve t hat eat i ng meat may be unheal t hy.
The ani mal s ar e at r i sk of i l l ness because t hey l i ve
cl ose t oget her so vet s gi ve t hemant i bi ot i cs whi ch can
get i nt o t hei r meat .
On t he ot her hand, many doct or s say t hat meat i s good f or
us. I f we want , we can buy heal t hy or gani c or f r ee r ange
meat . I n addi t i on, we can see f r omt he way our t eet h and
st omachs ar e desi gned t hat i t i s nat ur al f or us t o eat
meat . Fi nal l y, t her e i s t he ar gument of f r ee choi ce: t hat
peopl e shoul d not be t ol d what t hey can or can t eat .
I n concl usi on, al t hough ever ybody shoul d be abl e t o eat
what t hey l i ke, I bel i eve t hat a veget ar i an di et i s
heal t hi er , ki nder t o ani mal s and cheaper and wi l l become
mor e popul ar i n t he f ut ur e. Wi t h so many hungr y peopl e i n
t he wor l d we shoul d use our r esour ces t o f eed ever yone.
Eat i ng meat i s wr ong
a f or - and- agai nst essay
A
C
E
D
D
G
D
H
B
D
F
51
WRITING | A for-and-against essay
Eating meat is wrong. Write an essay giving
arguments for and against this statement and
state your own opinion.
1 Read the essay question and the essay. Find two
arguments agreeing and two disagreeing with the opinion
in the question.
2 Match information 18 with parts of the essay AH.
1 Present the arguments supporting the
statement. c
2 Use examples, quotes and authorities
to support points you make. c
3 Explain why the issue is controversial. c
4 Use linking words to introduce and sequence
each point. c
5 Add your own opinion. c
6 Start with a statement that most people can
agree with. c
7 Present the arguments against the statement. c
8 Provide a conclusion that pulls together both
sides of the argument. c

A
3 Choose one of the statements 13. Write an essay
giving arguments for and against the statement,
and state your own opinion. Remember to:
plan your essay and make notes before
you start .
use a formal, controlled style .
present your points logically .
use linking words and phrases to connect
ideas .
1 People should have to pass a test before
they can own a dog.
2 It is natural for humans to use animals for
food and clothing.
3 It is wrong to test medicines on animals.
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WORD LIST
Animals
amphibian
bat
bee
beetle
buttery
camel
chicken
chimpanzee
crab
crocodile
crow
dinosaur
dolphin
eagle
eel
elephant
ea
y
fur
furry
giraffe
golden retriever
gorilla
guinea pig
horse
insect
jellysh
kangaroo
kitten
lion
mammal
mollusc
mussel
octopus
owl
oyster
peacock
pet
predator
primates
rabbit
rat
raven
reindeer
reptile
salmon
sea lion
shark
snail
snake
spider
stork
tabby cat
toad
turtle
vampire bat
wing
worm
zebra
Science/Nature
allergic
aquarium
biologist
biology
blood
brain
breeding programme
cave
chemical (n)
evolution
freeze
genetics
hole
life form
microbe
pattern
pest
primitive
prove
recreate
research (n)
rock (n)
scientic experiment
single-celled organism
solution
solve
theory
trilobite
universe
vet
Other
afford
ancestor
changeable
complex
controversial
cool down
creature
t (v)
ap (v)
guess (v)
hide away
intriguing
irritable
lick (v)
loveable
loyal
maze
miss (v)
naked
obedient
playful
pointless
scratch (v)
solitary
spray (v)
survivor
train (v)
trick (n)
unique
whine
zookeeper
52
VOCABULARY
1 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the
words in brackets.
There are no easy solutons to the problem of
over hunting wild animals. (solve)
1 Darwins Theory of explains how
species change over time. (evolve)
2 Global warming is still a topic for
many politicians. (controversy)
3 The River Thames in London does not
these days, but it did in the past. (frozen)
4 A well-trained dog should be to its
master. (obey)
5 Some wild animals can go from quiet and calm
to angry and aggressive very quickly. Their
moods can be very and hard to
predict. (change)
6 The balance of nature is so we
shouldnt interfere too much. (complexity)
7 Cats expressions are extremely hard to interpret,
making them very pets. (intrigue)
8 One of the reasons dolphins are so popular is
that they are very . (playfulness)
9 The science of may help us to ght
many diseases. (genes)
10 Many people are to animal fur.
(allergy)
2 Number the animals from largest (1) to smallest (10).
bat c
bee c
buttery c
crow c
eagle c
elephant c
ea c
reindeer c
salmon c
worm c
3 Put the animals from Exercise 3 in the correct places in
the picture.
1
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6
p.53 -6.6b
aw6.6e
53
4 Choose the correct alternatives.
Bats and rats are both furry / winged
animals.
1 After a year at sea, penguins walk many miles
inland to their hunting / breeding grounds.
2 Rats and crows are both pets / pests for
farmers.
3 Wolves and bears are major predators /
pests of wild reindeer.
4 Tarantulas are unique / solitary creatures.
5 The weather in mountainous areas is very
changeable / patterned.
6 Before I can write the article I need to
do some research / experiment.
7 Life on other planets is likely to be in
the form of microbes / primates.
8 It is possible to train / obey dolphins
as effectively as dogs.
5 Match the adjectives with the definitions.
1 controversial c
2 naked c
3 playful c
4 unique c
5 intriguing c
6 pointless c
7 irritable c
8 loveable c
9 loyal c
10 obedient c
11 solitary c
a very interesting because its strange
or unusual
b supporting your friends, beliefs, country etc.
c always doing what you are told or what is
the rule or law
d without clothes
e provocative, not someone everybody
agrees with
f getting angry quickly, in a bad mood
g different from everybody else
h usually preferring to be alone
i without purpose or sense
j enjoys games and having fun
k friendly and attractive so easy to like
6 Write the correct adjectives from Exercise 5.
Extend your vocabulary
1 Complete the gaps with the correct nouns.
1 biology
2 botany botanist
3 chemistry
4 geology geologist
5 physicist
6 psychology
7 zoologist
2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
Bology is the study of all living things.
1 A studies animals and their
behaviour.
2 Maria Sklodowska Curie was a famous
.
3 The study of the worlds rocks, earth and how
they have changed is .
4 Sigmund Freud is one of the fathers of
modern .
5 study owers and plants.
6 Charles Darwin was a famous who
studied the evolution of animals.
aw6.6d
4
loveable
1
2
3
5
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96
GRAMMAR
Verb patterns
When we use two verbs together, the rst verb is in the
appropriate tense, the second verb doesnt change.
Present Simple: We like to cook .
Past Simple: We liked to cook .
In addition, the rst verb often decides the form of the second
one. The examples below show examples of different verb
patterns.
Verb + - ing
admit, avoid, cant stand, dont mind, enjoy, fancy,
hate, imagine, keep, miss, practise, stop
doing
Verb + preposition/phrasal verb + - ing
apologise for, dream about, feel like, give up, look
forward to, think about
cooking
to be + adjective + preposition + - ing
be
bad at, bored by, famous for, good at,
interested in, proud of, sorry for, tired of
arguing
Verb + to + innitive
agree, allow, choose, decide, expect,
hope, learn, manage, need, offer, promise,
refuse, seem, want, would like, manage
to make
(something)
Verb + object + to + innitive
allow him, ask her, help me, persuade them, tell us to leave
Verb + object + innitive (without to )
help her, let us, make them cook
Modals + innitive (without to )
can, might, must, should, will happen
Longer sentence patterns
Adverb + -ing verb
After eating such a big meal, I felt tired.
Before eating wash your hands.
By eating good food youll feel healthier.
Instead of eating at home, lets go to a restaurant.
When eating in a Chinese restaurant, you share the
dishes.
Without eating it I cant tell you what it tastes like.

Mind the trap!
Some verbs can be used with more than
one verb pattern and the meaning does not
change:
She prefers eating convenience food . =
She prefers to eat convenience food .
However, with a few verbs such as stop
and remember , a different verb pattern
changes the meaning:
He remembered taking her photograph.
(He had a memory of doing this.)
He remembered to take her photograph .
(He didnt forget to take her photograph.)
I stopped reading the leaet. (I looked
away from the leaet.)
I stopped to read the leaet. (I stopped
what I was doing and read the leaet.)

1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of eat .
I try to eat fruit every day.
1 I enjoy my dinner on a tray in front of the TV.
2 His mother made him all his vegetables before she allowed him any ice-cream.
3 Every year I give up chocolate for the month after Mardi Gras.
4 Although she hates cabbage, she managed it when her friend cooked some.
5 When I had u I couldnt anything.
6 If Im on a diet, I think about all the time.
7 Do you fancy in a restaurant this evening?
8 Ive been on a diet for two months but I still dream about a big bar of chocolate sometimes.
9 He didnt like the look of my dessert but I persuaded him a little and then he nished it in
about two minutes!

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The hard sell
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2
Wonder Bread
Machine
Can you imagine wakng up each morning to
the smell of freshly baked bread? If you are
tired of
1
bread by hand all that
mess and hard work, the Wonder Bread
Machine is for you. Instead of working for
hours in the kitchen, all you need
2

is put the ingredients in, switch it on and you
can look forward to
3
the taste
of delicious fresh
bread just two
hours later! The
Wonder Bread
Machine is so
simple, all the
family will want

4
it!
Home Caf
If you love
10
in elegant
surroundings, then Luigis is the place for you.
W
hatever the occasion, we promise
11

you an evening to remember. We look forward to

12
you the next time you
decide
13
out!
L
u
ig
is
L
u
ig
is
97
2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the
verbs in brackets.
The pizza company promised to delver
(deliver) within half an hour.
1 I always look forward to (have) a big
Sunday lunch.
2 Hes interested in (cook) so I usually
buy him recipe books for his birthday.
3 When I was a child I wasnt allowed
(have) sugary drinks.
4 When we go to Spain we might
(bring back) some olive oil.
5 She doesnt mind (drive) a long way
for a good meal.
6 The children must (nish) their
meals before they leave the table.
7 We were expecting (get) a nice big
meal but he only gave us a boring sandwich.
8 I avoid (buy) too much convenience
food.
9 We both enjoy (eat) but neither of us
enjoys (cook).
3 Choose the correct alternative.
1 I buying her a cookery book for her
birthday.
a thought about
b expect
c manage
d might
2 You make a cake for his birthday.
a enjoy
b look forward to
c should
d need
3 We to buy some drinks before we get on
the train.
a can
b stop
c think about
d need
4 The hotels guests to have dinner in the
garden.
a chose
b fancy
c will
d think about
5 He to make a meal with only four eggs,
some cheese and salad.
a fancied
b managed
c might
d imagined
6 We to invite you for dinner next
weekend.
a love
b think about
c offer
d would like
4 Complete the advertisements with the correct
forms of the verbs in the box.
do drink eat (x2) enjoy give impress
have make (x2) sit use wake up
welcome

Can you imagine
5
in a Paris caf
drinking a perfect cup of coffee?
Well now, you can enjoy

6
freshly made
coffee every day with Home
Caf. Home Caf lets you

7
perfect coffee
every time. So, if you are tired
of
8
unpleasant
instant coffee and you want
9
your friends,
get Home Caf today!
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LISTENING
1
T30

Listen and decide if the sentence is about Jeff
(J), Alice (A) or both (B).
Who
1 has ideas for the article?
J A B
2 is surprised at some of the things they talk
about?
J A B
3 gives an example of what they think is
dishonest practice?
J A B
4 talks about how marketing tricks make
them buy more things?
J A B
5 talks about how they try to beat the
marketing tricks?
J A B
6 is worried by the tricks they discuss?
J A B
2
T30

Read the questions. Listen again and choose
the best alternatives.
1 The aim of Buzz Marketing is
a to give your product away to the right
people.
b to get people talking about your product.
c to make people buy more trainers.
d to identify the coolest kids.
2 The author who wrote his own reviews
a paid a ne.
b went to prison.
c paid a ne and went to prison.
d did not have any punishment.
3 There is a better chance a person will buy
something if
a there is a smell of food.
b there is the right music.
c you touch it.
d you see it on a shelf.
4 According to Jeff, special offers
a make you buy unnecessary products.
b make you buy bigger packs.
c make you buy more expensive brands.
d are very good value.
5 Jeff says that buying bigger packs
a saves you money.
b makes you consume more.
c makes you go shopping less often.
d makes you go shopping more often.
6 Product placement is when a company
a puts an advertisment in a lm.
b pays for their goods to appear in a lm.
c pays an actor to use their product.
d buys advertising time in a cinema.
SPEAKING
1 Complete the conversations with phrases from the
box. There are two extra phrases.
dont blame me It wont happen again
Your waiter was extremely rude to me
Its not what I ordered Im trying my best
there is a mistake in the bill
Well replace it straight away.
Its entirely our fault.
A
Customer
1
. I asked for
the pasta. He asked for the salad.
Waiter Sorry. Im new here and
2
, Ill swap
the plates for you.
B
Customer Excuse me,
3
.
We didnt have three bottles of
mineral water.
Waiter Im sorry madam, you did. There are
two on the table and one on the oor
here.
Customer You shouldnt have put it there.
Waiter Please
4
,
I didnt put it on the oor.
C
Customer
5
.
Manager Im so sorry, madam.
6
.
Customer Thank you.
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The hard sell
1
2

NEW MESSAGE
Dear Sir/Madam,
A
I am writing to complain about the laptop computer which I bought through your online shop
shop.comps4all.com and about your customer service.
B
I ordered the computer on July 15
th
and my credit card was charged immediately but
the computer did not arrive until August 17
th
, more than a month later, although your website
guarantees delivery within one week. When the computer arrived the box had a hole in it, the
keyboard was scratched and the power cable was missing. I immediately phoned your helpline and
was told that I would have to pay for sending the computer back if I wanted a refund.
C
I am not satisfied with this service. I do not feel that it is acceptable that I have to pay for the
postage because it is clearly your fault that the computer arrived in this state. I suggest that in
future you package your goods more carefully before you send them, and that you make sure you
keep your promises about delivering orders quickly.
D
I would like either a replacement computer or a full refund as soon as possible, and I expect
you to pay for the courier to return the damaged computer.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Jenny Park
From Jenny Park <jennypark@zedmail.com>
To customerservice@comps4all.com
Date 28 August 2011
99
WRITING | A letter of complaint
1 Match the topics with the paragraphs
in the letter.
1 explain the background to the
problem and what happened
2 say what you want them to do
3 say why you are writing
4 suggest how the company can
improve its service
2 Read the letter again. Match
examples of these things to
paragraphs AD.
1 a reason for writing
2 a complaint
3 a suggestion
4 a reason for the complaint
5 two alternative solutions
6 a standard closing expression

3 Look at the underlined words and phrases in the email and match
them to the similar meanings below.
1 how a company treats its clients (n.)
2 something you can say yes to (adj.)
3 not in good condition (adj.)
4 not present when it should be (adj.)
5 on the Internet (adj.)
6 promises (v.)
7 when you get your money back (n.)
8 asked to pay for something (v.)
4 Choose one of situations 13 and write a letter of complaint. Explain
the situation, suggest a way it can improve its service and say what
sort of compensation you want. Remember to:
structure your letter logically.
use a formal style.
use some of the phrases from Exercise 3.
be polite but rm.
1 You bought a new mobile phone and it stopped working after
three weeks.
2 You ordered and paid for two T-shirts on-line. It is now a
month later and you havent received anything.
3 You stayed at a youth hostel which was dirty and unsafe.
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WORD LIST
Food
appetising/unappetising
articial
bake
bland
bun
cook (n, v)
delicious
diet (n)
eat out
fast food
fattening
fatty
lling (adj)
food colouring
fresh
fry
home-cooked
ingredient
junk food
lettuce
lose your appetite
natural
nutritious
packed lunch
peel (v)
prepare
recipe
salad
salt
slice (n)
stale
sweets
takeaway
tasty
tough
Shopping and services
bakers/bakery
bar code
bargain
butchers
carton
chain store
changing room
chemists (pharmacy)
compensation
complaint
delivery
department store
exchange (v)
faulty
greengrocers
grocers
helpline
in/out of stock
newsagents
offer (n, v)
on sale
order (n, v)
price
queue (v)
reduced
reduction
refund (n)
replace (v)
replacement
sale (n)
shopaholic
shopkeeper
shopping centre/mall
shopping trolley
spend
stationery
store (n)
try on
Money
bank (n)
bill (n)
borrow
broke (adj)
cash dispenser/
cashpoint
cash register
credit card
debt
nancial
interest payment
loan (n)
mortgage
(over)charge (v)
personal loan
salary
store card
wages
wallet
well-off
Advertising
ad/advert
advertise
advertising
billboard
campaign (n)
junk mail/spam
pop-up
(radio/TV) commercial
slogan
special offer
Other
apologetic
apology
avoid
blame (v)
feel like
rm (adj)
hopeless at
improve
in a hurry
instead of
look forward to
shrink (v)
sort sth out
straightaway
sweat (v)
100
VOCABULARY
1 Complete the gaps with words from the Word List.
Noun Adjective
appetite appetsng
1 apology
2 articiality
3 fault
4 nance
5 hurried
6 nature
7 nutrition
8 person
9 reduction
10 salty
11 taste
2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
If you arrange food properly on a plate, it looks
more appetsng.
1 I cant see anything! I think the computer is
.
2 Its important to start the day with a
breakfast or you wont have enough energy.
3 As part of my diet Im using only milk with
fat 1.5% instead of 3%.
4 I try to eat organic food without any
ingredients.
5 Putting too much on your meals is very
unhealthy.
6 When I complained he was really .
He spent about ve minutes saying sorry.
3 Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the
words in brackets.
Manager Can I help you?
Customer I hope so. Im afraid that I want to make
a complant (complain).
Manager Whats the problem, sir?
Customer I bought this
1
_____ (nature) vegetarian
salad here yesterday. However, when I got
home not only was it not
2
_____ (taste) but
I also saw that it contains butter which is
animal fat!
Manager Im sorry, sir, I must offer an
3
_____
(apologise) on behalf of Trufood
Supermarket. Would you like a
4
_____
(replace)?
Customer No, thank you. I think Id prefer to have a
5
_____ (refunded). And I think you should
give me some
6
_____ (compensate) for the
time is has taken me to return the meal.
Manager Im afraid I cant do that, but you can write
to our head ofce if youd like to.
Customer I might do that. While Im here, can I ask
why you dont have a bigger range of meat-
free meals on
7
_____ (sell) in your shop?
Manager Im afraid our stock is
8
_____(order) by a
central buyer, not me, but Ill pass on your
comments.
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The hard sell
1
2
Eating out
with Mike Dee
If you are thinking of going to Luigis for a romantic dinner,
dont! I took my favourite person there and although the
menu described the steaks as delcous, the fish as
1

from the sea and the ice-cream as completely natural the
truth was very different. The first course was soup which
was very salty and it was served with
2
bread
which must have been at least three days old. The meat was
next and it was so
3
that it hurt my teeth, the fish
was not
4
properly because it was still cold in the
middle. And to end it all, the ice-cream was full of artificial
ingredients, like bright blue food
5
! I
6
my
appetite before the main course even arrived. Certainly not
a restaurant I can recommend.
101
4 Choose the correct alternatives to complete the article.
A lot of young people in Britain have unhealthy
a which include too many
1
foods which are
full of fat and
2
. A lot of people
3
schools
for not educating students to know about the
benets of having a balanced,
4
diet.
However, others say that parents are at fault for
allowing their kids to eat too much
5
food
and too many
6
.
a diets c meals
b sweets d ingredients
1 a delicious c fast
b natural d appetising
2 a salt c sweets
b takeaways d ingredients
3 a treat c stick
b exchange d blame
4 a vegetarian c bland
b articial d nutritious
5 a junk c faulty
b lling d diet
6 a seeds c cartons
b takeaways d meat
5 Complete the restaurant review with words from the
Word List.
Extend your vocabulary
The noun shop has two main meanings:
a place where you buy things, e.g. a clothes
shop
a place where things are made or repaired,
e.g. a machine shop
1 Read the definitions and complete sentences 19
below.

all over the shop (inf.) things scattered about
untidily
set up shop (inf.) to start a business
shop someone (v inf.) to report someone to the
police
shop around (v) (1) to compare prices and quality in
different shops, (2) to look for something better
shop oor (n) the area in a factory where ordinary
workers are
shop steward (n) a worker elected by other workers
in a factory or business to represent them in
discussion with the management
shoplift (v) to take something illegally from a shop
shopsoiled (adj) something that is reduced because
it is slightly dirty or damaged
shut up shop (inf.) to close a shop or business either
temporarily or permanently
talk shop (inf.) to talk about things that are related
to your job
They shopped around for several months
before they decided where to live.
1 The company director had started her career
as a young worker on the .
2 The trousers were half price because they
were .
3 The thiefs wife him to the police.
4 Our local caf when a fast-food
chain opened next door to it.
5 Im not surprised you cant nd your football
shorts your clothes are .
6 When Harry and Steve get together they
all the time. Its so boring!
7 The actress was rich enough to buy the
clothes so nobody could understand why she
tried to them.
8 If you have a problem with your boss then
talk to your about it.
9 I left my job with the school and
as a dance instructor last year.

6 Complete the text with words from the Word List.
I needed to buy an outt for my cousins
wedding so I went to the shopping centre
because all the well-known
1
c s
are there. It was just after Christmas and there
were many items with
2
r prices. I spent
ages looking around and eventually found a very
elegant suit. I wasnt sure if it was the right size
so I went to the changing room to
3
t it
o . Unfortunately, when I took it to the

4
c r to pay, I discovered that I had
no cash and I had left my
5
c c at
home. I was really annoyed but the lady in the
shop said she would keep the suit for me while
I went to the
6
c to get some money from
my bank account.
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