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"# Ab$olute Mu$ic: Br E. Music depending entirely on its own structure or its appre!ension. See "#1. M%$ica &ura M%$ica ab$oluta '# A!appella: $ composition or %oices unaccompanied or wit!out an independent accompaniment.
"# Ab$olute Mu$ic: Br E. Music depending entirely on its own structure or its appre!ension. See "#1. M%$ica &ura M%$ica ab$oluta '# A!appella: $ composition or %oices unaccompanied or wit!out an independent accompaniment.
"# Ab$olute Mu$ic: Br E. Music depending entirely on its own structure or its appre!ension. See "#1. M%$ica &ura M%$ica ab$oluta '# A!appella: $ composition or %oices unaccompanied or wit!out an independent accompaniment.
Subject: Glosario de Terminologa Musical Student: Karina Steiner Year: 1 9 9 7 1 TERMINOLOGIA MSI!AL A "# Ab$olute Mu$ic: Br E. Music depending entirely on its own structure or its appre!ension. See "#1. M%$ica &ura M%$ica Ab$oluta '# A !appella: $ composition or %oices unaccompanied or wit!out an independent accompaniment. !anto a capella !anto a coro (# Accent: T!e importance gi%en to a note &y its relations to ot!ers. Acento )# Acciaccatura: $ melodic ornament in w!ic! t!e grace note is sounded wit! t!e main note and instantly released. Acciacatura *# Accidental: $ sign indicating a c!romatic alteration o an indi%idual note. Accidental +# Accompaniment: $ny part or parts o a musical composition w!ic!' eit!er or a portion or or all o it' play a su&sidiary part, Acompa-amiento .# Acute: (sed wit! reerence to t!e pitc! o a note. See 1)1. A/udo 0# Additional tone$: Tones accompanying t!e &asic tones. Tono$ Adicionale$ 1# A/o/ic accent: T!e importance gi%en to t!e longer o two successi%e notes, Acento A//ico "2# Air: $ melody o simple design. See )**. Aire Melod3a Tonada Mu$ical ""# Alphabetical Notation: +ndicating t!e notes o a musical wor, &y means o letters, Notacin Al4ab5tica "'# Altered !hord: 6Am E# -!ord w!ic! includes one or more notes in t!e diatonic scale o t!e pre%ailing ,ey o t!e passage in w!ic! t!ey occur. See #). Acorde Alterado "(# Alto: T!e second !ig!est emale %oice in a musical piece. !ontralto ")# Alto !le4: T!e - cle placed on t!e middle line to s!ow t!at t!at line corresponds wit! middle -. Lla7e de 8o " "*# Appo//iatura: Melodic ornament in w!ic! t!e principal note is delayed &y a grace note introduced &eore it. Apo9atura "+# Arpe//io: +ndicates t!at t!e notes o a c!ord are to &e played successi%ely instead o simultaneously, Arpe/io ".# Arran/ement: T!e presentation o a composition in ot!er t!an its original orm. Tran$cripcin "0# Atonal: .ot !a%ing tonality and not conorming to t!e traditional ,ey system. Atonal "1# Au/mentation: T!e proportionate increase o t!e note %alues o a t!eme. Aumentacin '2# Au/mented Inter7al: $ ma/or or perect inter%al increased &y a semitone. Inter7alo Aumentado '"# Au:iliar9 Note: $ mec!anic de%ice in w!ic! a part mo%es rom a note o t!e !armony to t!e note one degree a&o%e or &elow and &ac, again. Nota Au:iliar ; ''# ;ac<: T!e underneat! or &e!ind part o a stringed instrument as distinct rom t!e &elly. =ondo '(# ;allad: .owadays used or &ot! %ocal and instrumental compositions, ;alada ')# ;ar: T!e %ertical line across t!e sta%e, Ra9a de comp>$ '*# ;ar: T!e arrangements o t!e &eats wit!in t!e &ar. See )#0. !omp>$ '+# ;aritone: $ male %oice !a%ing a range &etween t!at o tenor and &ass, ;ar3tono '.# ;a$$ !le4: T!e 1 placed on t!e ourt! line to s!ow t!at t!at line corresponds wit! t!e 1 &elow middle -, Lla7e de =a '0# ;aton: T!e stic, used &y t!e orc!estra conductor, ;atuta '1# ;eat: $ccents arising rom t!e orderly grouping o notes &y t!eir time %alues, Tiempo (2# ;ind: $ cur%ed line /oining two notes o t!e same pitc!, See )##. Li/adura ("# ;lue: Melanc!olic' cynical nigger songs wit! an erotic accent, ;lue$ ('# ;race: T!e &rac,et and line /oining two or more sta%es, Acolada ((# ;ra$$: 2ind instruments ormerly made o &rass' some o w!ic! !owe%er are now made o ot!er metals. In$trumento$ de !obre ) ()# ;ra$$ In$trument: See )), ! (*# !adence: 3esting place in a musical composition. !adencia (+# !anon: Strict imitation or a composition in w!ic! strict imitation plays a predominant part, !anon (.# !han/in/ Note: .ote mo%ing &y step &etween t!e two notes w!ic! are part o t!e !armony. See "1*. Nota de &a$o (0# !he$t Tone: T!e lowest register o t!e %oice, ?o@ de &echo (1# !he$t ?oice: See )4. )2# !hoir: $ &ody o singers. !oro )"# !hord: T!e sound resulting rom t!e simultaneous production o two or more tones selected or musical eect, Acorde )'# !horu$: See #5. )(# !hromatic !hord: 6;r E#, See 1" ))# !hromatic Inter7al: $ musical inter%al w!ic! does not occur in a ma/or scale. Inter7alo !rom>tico )*# !le4: T!e sign placed at t!e &eginning o eac! sta%e to indicate t!e a&solute pitc! o notes on it. Lla7e )+# !olocatura: Vocal music w!ic! is !ig!ly coloured or igured wit! runs and ornaments. !olocatura ).# !ommon !hord: T!e c!ord ormed o a 6&asic7 tone 6called t!e root7 toget!er wit! eit!er $7 two ot!er tones at musical inter%als a&o%e t!e root o a ma/or or minor t!ird and a perect it! respecti%ely' and8or B7 ot!er tones any num&ers o complete octa%es a&o%e or &elow t!ese t!ree tones. Acorde &er4ecto )0# !ompa$: T!e range o notes &etween t!e e9treme limits w!ic! a %oice or instrument is a&le to produce. !omp>$ )1# !ompound Inter7al$: T!e inter%als greater t!an an octa%e' e.g. - to t!e : an octa%e and a note !ig!er. Inter7alo$ !ompue$to$ *2# !oncert: +n its &roadest sense' any sort o pu&lic musical perormance, !oncierto # *"# !oncerto: Generally' an e9tended instrumental composition or a solo perormer accompanied &y an orc!estra. !oncierto *'# !oncord: $ c!ord containing only consonances, Acorde !on$onante *(# !ounterpoint: T!e simultaneous sounding o two or more melodies or purposes o musical eect. !ontrapunto *)# !ouplet: Two notes occupying t!e time o a triplet. See 4*. 8o$illo 8 **# 8amper: $ pad o elt stopping t!e %i&ration o a string o a piano' ater t!e ,ey is released. Apa/ador *+# 8amper pedal: 6;r E#, T!e pedal o a pianoorte w!ic! raises all t!e dampersA regardless o w!et!er any ,eys are depressed, See 90' 1*1' "5*. &edal del =orte *.# 8eadBMarch: Marc! o a solemn c!aracter played during a uneral procession, See 11#. Marcha =%nebre *0# 8e/ree: T!e step rom one note to t!e ne9t in t!e musical alp!a&et regardless o t!e actual inter%al in%ol%ed, Grado *1# 8emiBtone: ;ne o t!e t!ree common orms o inter%als. See ))9. Tercera Menor +2# 8emi$emiCua7er: 6;r E#, T!e note wit! !al t!e time<%alue o t!e semi=ua%er. See )#5. =u$a +"# 8e$cant: $ ree part added a&o%e a gi%en melody, 8i$canto +'# 8e7elopment: T!e c!anges contri&uting to t!e musical growt! o su&/ect w!ic! gradually disclose t!e implications and latent possi&ilities. 8e$arrollo +(# 8iapa$on: T!e c!ie lue stop on Englis! organs, Re/i$tro &rincipal +)# 8iatonic: Said o a scale' melody or !armony, 8iatnico +*# 8i44erence Tone: T!e com&ination tone o w!ic! t!e re=uency is t!e dierence o t!e re=uencies o t!e two generating tones, Tono 8i4erencial ++# 8i/ital: $ny one o t!e ,eys ma,ing up t!e ,ey&oard o a piano or similar instrument. See 10". Tecla 0 +.# 8imini$hed Inter7al: $ perect or minor inter%al c!romatically reduced &y a semitone. Inter7alo 8i$minuido +0# 8imini$hed third: ;ne o t!e t!ree common orms o inter%als, Tercera di$minuida +1# 8i$minution: T!e proportionate decrease o t!e note %alues o a t!eme, 8i$minucin .2# 8i$cord: $ c!ord containing a dissonance. Acorde 8i$onante ."# 8i$junct Motion: T!e mo%ement o a part &y leap. Mo7imiento 8e$juntado .'# 8i$$onance: $ny com&ination o two notes w!ic! does not orm a consonance, 8i$onancia .(# 8ominant: T!e it! note o any scale in t!e modern ,ey system. 8ominante .)# 8ominant Se7enth: T!e principal c!ord deri%ed rom t!e dominant triad, Acorde de S5ptima de 8ominante .*# 8ot: T!e sign increasing t!e duration o a note &y !al, &unto .+# 8ouble bar: $ dou&le %ertical line across t!e sta%e, 8oble ;arra de !omp>$ ..# 8ouble !oncerto: $ concerto or two instrumentalists, !oncierto 8oble .0# 8ouble !ounterBpoint: $ two part in%erti&le counterpoint, !ontrapunto 8oble .1# 8ouble 4lat> T!e sign w!ic! lowers a note one tone rom its natural pitc!. 8oble ;emol 02# 8ouble =u/ue: $ ugue on two su&/ects w!ic! are started toget!er in t!e e9position. 8oble =u/a 0"# 8ouble Sharp: T!e sign w!ic! raises a note one tone rom its natural pitc!, 8oble So$tenido 0'# 8ouble Stoppin/: T!e sounding toget!er o two notes on an instrument o t!e %iolin amily. 8oble !uerda 0(# 8ouble Ton/uin/: $ met!od o tonguing used in certain wind instruments or playing =uic, passages, Golpe$ de Len/ua 8oble$ 0)# 8uet: $ composition o two singers or instrumentalists, See 40. 8ueto 8%o 0*# 8uo: See 4#. 0+# 8uplet: See 0#. * 0.# 89namic Accent: +mportance gi%en to a note &y relati%ely greater %olume. Acento 8in>mico E 00# Ei/htB4ootBpitch: Sounding in unison wit! t!e notation 6organ stops7. A Ocho &ie$ 01# Embouchure: +n t!e playing o &rass instruments and t!e lute' t!e modes o application o t!e lips' or t!eir relation to t!e mout!piece, Embocadura 12# Enharmonic: Melodic or !armonic c!anges w!ic! use two notes o dierent name &ut t!e same as eac! ot!er on a ,ey&oard. Enarmnico 1"# ECuall9 Tempered Scale: 6Am E# $ series o notes selected rom t!e di%ision o t!e octa%e 6usually7 into twel%e e=ual inter%als. See 1*)' 1*#. E$cala ECuitemperada 1'# E$$ential Note$: .otes orming an essential part o t!e !armony, Nota$ E$enciale$ 1(# E:po$ition: T!e initial statement o t!e su&/ect6s7 upon w!ic! a mo%ement is &ased, E:po$icin 1)# E:tempori@ation: T!e simultaneous in%ention and perormance o music. See 1)*. Impro7i$acin 1*# E:ten$ion &edal: 6$m E7. See 0*, = 1+# =al$e Relation: T!e conlict &etween a note in one part and itsel' c!romatically altered a semitone' in anot!er part in t!e same or an ad/acent c!ord. =al$a Relacin 1.# =al$et ?oice: Man?s %oice imitating a woman?s %oice. =al$ete 10# =iddle Stic<: T!e instrument ser%ing to ma,e %i&rate t!e strings o stringed instruments. Arco 11# =i4th: T!e inter%al co%ering i%e degrees o t!e scale, Inter7alo de Duinta Duinta "22# =i/ure: T!e s!ortest musical idea, =i/ura "2"# =inal: Model counterpart o t!e tonic. =inal Nota =inal "2'# =in/erB;oard: +n a stringed instrument' t!e long strip o !ard wood o%er w!ic! t!e strings are stretc!ed. Man/o M>$til 7 "2(# =in/erhole: T!e !ole in wind instruments &y w!ic! t!e pitc! is regulated, Ori4icio "2)# =ir$t in7er$ion o4 a chord: T!e in%ersion in w!ic! t!e t!ird note &ecomes t!e &ass. &rimera in7er$in de un Acorde "2*# =i:ed Son/: Melody adapted or contrapuntal treatment, !anto =ijo "2+# =lat: T!e sign w!ic! lowers a note one semitone rom its natural pitc!, ;emol "2.# =orm: T!e arrangement o melody' !armony' counterpoint and ot!er eatures o music. =orma "20# =ourth: T!e inter%al co%ering our degrees o t!e scale, !uarta Inter7alo de !uarta "21# =ree Reed: $ reed %i&rating t!roug! an air slot' i.e. rom one side to t!e ot!er, Len/Eeta Libre ""2# =ret$: 3aised lines across t!e inger<&oard o stringed instruments, Tra$te$ """# =u/ato: ; t!e nature o a ugue, =u/ado ""'# =u/hetta: $ s!ort ugue, =u/ueta ""(# =u/ue: $ musical style in w!ic! a melodic su&/ect is treated contrapuntally and w!ic! e9!i&its clearly recognised eatures. =u/a "")# =uneral March: See 07. G ""*# Gamut: T!e plan o t!e musical scale associated wit! t!e !e9ac!ord, E$cala 8iatnica ""+# Grace Note$: $ decoration' usually melodic' indicated &y a signe or &y small notes and perormed in an understood as!ion. Nota$ de Adorno "".# Gre/orian Tone$: T!e system o plainsong c!ants in Gregorian music or t!e singing o psalms' etc. !anto Gre/oriano ""0# Groo7e: -onduits or supplying wind to t!e organ pipes, !anal ""1# Guidin/ Theme: $ igure' melody or !armony associated wit! a person or idea t!roug!out t!e composition. Moti7o &rincipal F 4 "'2# Fal4B!lo$e: @armonic progression rom t!e dominant to t!e irst re%ersal o t!e tonic. See 1)0. !adencia Imper4ecta "'"# Fal4BNote: 6Am E# T!e note wit! !al t!e time<%alue o t!e w!ole note 6w!ole step7. See 174. ;lanca M3nima "''# Fal4BStep: T!e pitc! inter%al &etween successi%e tones o a c!romatic scale. See "74. Semitono "'(# Fammer: T!e implement &y w!ic! t!e strings o a piano are made to %i&rate, Martillo "')# Farmonic Serie$: $ succession o sounds w!ose re=uencies are in proportion to t!e w!ole mem&ers. Serie de Armnico$ "'*# Farmon9: $ succession o c!ords selected or musical eect, Armon3a "'+# Fead: T!e end o t!e &ow o stringed instruments opposite to t!at at w!ic! it is !eld. See ")1. &unta "'.# Fead Tone: 6Am E# T!e !ig!est register o t!e %oice. See 1"4. ?o@ de !abe@a "'0# Fead ?oice: 6;r E#, See 1"7, "'1# Femidemi$emiCua7er: 6;r E# T!e note wit! !al t!e time<%alue o t!e demisemi=ua%er. See "91. Semi4u$a "(2# Fe:achord: $ group o si9 sounds orming a scale, Fe:acordo "("# Fi/h: See 7. A/udo "('# Fomophone: Two strings 6!arp7 tuned to produce t!e same note, Fom4ono "((# Fomophon9: T!e complementary term o polyp!ony, Fomo4on3a I "()# Imitation: T!e strict or ree repetition o a melody or igure in anot!er %oice or part. Imitacin "(*# Imper4ect !adence: See 1"5. "(+# Impro7i$ation: See 9#. "(.# Incidental Mu$ic: Music occurring during t!e action o a play. M%$ica E$c5nica "(0# In4le:ion: $ny melodic %ariaton in an intonation w!ic! is mainly on one note, 9 In4le:in "(1# In$trumentation: T!e study o t!e c!aracteristics o t!e %arious instruments, In$trumentacin ")2# Interlude: $ composition played &etween t!e acts or scenes o a perormance o any ,ind. Interludio ")"# Interrupted !adence: T!e e9pected c!ord succession o dominant ollowed &y tonic is interrupted &y some ot!er c!ord sounding w!ere t!e tonic was e9pected. !adencia Interrumpida ")'# Inter7al: Between two magnitudes o t!e same %aria&le, Inter7alo ")(# Intonation: T!e inle9ion at t!e &eginning o a Gregorian c!ant, Entonacin "))# Introduction: $n initial section o a composition &eore t!e irst statement o t!e same su&/ect6s7. Introduccin ")*# In7er$ion o4 a !ommon !hord: $ common c!ord is said to &e in an in%erted position w!en t!e root is not t!e gra%est tone. See ")). Acorde &er4ecto In7ertido ")+# In7er$ion o4 Inter7al$: T!e re%ersing o t!e relati%e position o t!e two notes deining t!em. In7er$in de Inter7alo ").# In7erted Mordent: Mordent in w!ic! t!e prescri&ed tone alternates wit! t!e note a&o%e it. Mordente In7ertido G ")0# Gac<: -omponent part o t!e !arpsic!ord' consisting o a small piece o wood and pro%ided wit! a plectrum. Len/Eeta Tan/ente ")1# Godel: T!e a&rupt c!ange rom c!est %oice to alsetto. See )99. Gar/anteo Tirol5$ "*2# Gu$t Scale: 6Am E#, $ /ust scale is a musical scale ormed &y ta,ing t!ree consecuti%e triads. See 1*0' 1**. E$cala Natural E$cala Normal E$cala Temperada H "*"# He9: $7 -omponent part o lutes and similar instruments. B7 T!e scale and ,eynote o a musical composition written in a speciic scale. !la7e 15 "*'# He9: See **. "*(# He9board: -omponent part o musical instruments ena&ling t!e two !ands or t!e two !ands and two eet readily to control t!e sounds rom a muc! larger num&er o strings' reeds or pipes t!an could ot!erwise &e controlled. Teclado "*)# He9note: T!e tone or any o its octa%es' on w!ic! a scale is &uilt. Nota de !la7e "**# He9 Si/nature: T!e group o s!arp or lat signs placed ater t!e cle at t!e &eginning o a composition. Armadura de la cla7e L "*+# Lar/e: T!e longest note o t!e medie%al time system. M>:ima "*.# Leadin/ Note: T!e se%ent! note o any scale in t!e modern ,ey system. Nota Sen$ible S5ptima "*0# Le/er Line$: S!ort lines added w!en necessary a&o%e or &elow t!e sta, L3nea$ Adicionale$ "*1# Le7er: -omponent part o pianoorte mec!anism. &ul$ador "+2# Lon/: T!e second largest note o t!e medie%al time system. Lon/a "+"# Loud &edal: 6$m E7. See 0*. M "+'# Major Inter7al: +nter%als ound in ascending t!e ma/or scale rom its ,ey<note. Inter7alo Ma9or "+(# Major Scale o4 ECual Intonation: 6Br E7. See 91. "+)# Major Scale o4 ECual Temperament: 6Br E7. See 91. "+*# Major Scale o4 Gu$t Intonation: 6Br E7. See 105. "++# Major Scale o4 Gu$t Temperament: 6Br E7. See 105. "+.# Manual: Key&oard or t!e !ands' mostly used in connection wit! t!e organ. Manual Teclado Manual "+0# Manual !oupler: T!e coupling &etween t!e manual o two dierent organs' usually rom swell to great. Acoplamiento "+1# Meantone: T!e system o tuning w!ic! pre%ailed &eore t!e present system o e=ual temperament. A4inacin pura ".2# Mediant: T!e t!ird note o any scale in t!e modern ,ey system, Mediante "."# Medle9: $ conglomerate o unrelated and usually amiliar tunes. 11 &otBpourr3 ".'# Meli$ma: $ group o notes sung to one sylla&le in plainsong, Meli$ma ".(# Melod9 $ection: +n /aAA<&ands t!e section containing t!e trumpet' t!e clarinet and trom&one. A/rupacin Meldica ".)# Metamorpho$i$: T!e modiication o a musical idea rom one orm to anot!er. Tran$4ormacin del tema ".*# Metre: T!e regular grouping o notes wit! regard to t!eir accent and duration. M5trica ".+# Metronome: $n instrument indicating and essentially consisting o a dou&le pendulum' operated &y cloc,wor,. Metrnomo "..# Me@@oBSoprano: T!e %oice &etween t!e tre&le and t!e contralto, Me@@o@oprano ".0# Minim: 6;r E#, See 1"1. ".1# Minor Inter7al: $ ma/or inter%al c!romatically reduced &y a semitone. Inter7alo Menor "02# Minor Scale: $ scale wit! eig!t tones to t!e octa%e' t!e musical inter%al &etween t!e ,eynote and t!e mediant &eing a minor t!ird. 1or eac! ,eynote t!ere are se%eral minor scales. T!ese dier in t!e arrangement o t!e remaining tones. E$cala Menor "0"# Mi$tunin/: T!e principle o tuning stringed instruments in ot!er t!an t!e normal manner to suit t!e ,ey o certain compositions. See "7#. 8e$a4inacin Anormal Scordatura "0'# Mi:ture Stop$: $ll stops a&o%e t!e iteent!, Mi:tura$ Re/i$tro$ de Mi:tura "0(# Mode: $ c!aracteristic succession o inter%als orming a scale, Modo "0)# Modulation: T!e process o passing rom one ,ey to anot!er in t!e course o a musical composition. Modulacin "0*# Monod9: Music in w!ic! t!e melody is in one part only. Monod3a "0+# Monophon9: :istinct rom !omop!ony in !a%ing one line o notes instead o se%eral lines' etc. Mono4on3a "0.# Monotone: ;ne tone only, Montono "00# Mood: T!e relation &etween t!e large' t!e long and t!e &re%e in t!e medie%al time system, Modo "01# Mordent: $ melodic ornament in w!ic! t!e principal note is alternated rapidly wit! t!e note a&o%e it, Mordente 1" Duiebro "12# Motet: S!ort %ocal composition or liturgical use, Motete "1"# Motion: T!e mo%ement o a succession o notes wit! regards to t!eir pitc!. Mo7imiento "1'# Moti7e: More or less e9tended musical idea o at least two notes. See ))0. Moti7o Tema "1(# Mu$ical Inter7al: T!e pitc! inter%al &etween two tones o a scale. Inter7alo Mu$ical "1)# Mu$ical Dualit9: 6Am E#, Tim&re is t!at attri&ute o auditory sensation in terms o w!ic! a listener can /udge t!at two sounds similarly presented and !a%ing t!e same loudness and pitc! are dissimilar. Timbre "1*# Mu$ical S9mbol$: +nternationally arranged signs or indicating e.g. s!arps' lats' etc. Si/no$ de M%$ica "1+# Mu$icolo/9: Study o t!e art and t!e !istory o music, Mu$icolo/3a "1.# Mutation Stop: $ny register sounding a note o dierent name rom t!at o t!e ,ey pressed down. Re/i$tro de Mutacin "10# Mute: Means to alter t!e pitc! o musical instruments, See )51. Sordina N "11# Natural: T!e sign w!ic! restores to its natural pitc! a note ot!erwise s!arp or lat. ;ecuadro '22# Natural =reCuenc9: T!e re=uency o a ree %i&ration, =recuencia Natural =recuencia &ropia '2"# Natural Note: $ note t!at is neit!er raised nor lowered, Tono Natural '2'# Ninth: T!e inter%al co%ering nine degrees o t!e scale. No7ena '2(# Nonet: $ composition or nine %oices or instruments. Noneto O '2)# Octa7e: $7 $ pitc! inter%al. B7 T!e tone o w!ic! t!e re=uency is twice t!at o t!e gi%en. -7 T!e inter%al o an octa%e' toget!er wit! t!e tones included in t!e inter%al. Octa7a '2*# Octet: $ composition or eig!t %oices or instruments, 1) Octeto '2+# Open &edal: 6Br E7. See 0*. '2.# Open Score: $ score in w!ic! a sta%e is allotted to eac! part or instrument, &artitura de OrCue$ta '20# Open Strin/: $ string o a &owed or pluc,ed instrument w!en not stopped &y t!e ingers. !uerda al Aire '21# Opera: :ramatic composition entirely set to music wit!out spo,en dialogues, Opera '"2# Orche$tra: +n a general sense' any com&ination o a num&er o musical instruments o a dierent nature. OrCue$ta '""# Orche$tration: $7 T!e act o or art o scoring or an orc!estra B7 T!e art o using and com&ining t!e instruments o an orc!estra, OrCue$tacin '"'# O7erture: +nstrumental prelude to an opera or a play. Obertura & '"(# &art: T!e single line o instrumental or %ocal music played or sung &y t!e indi%idual perormer. &arte '")# &a$$a/e: $ portion o music wit!out any consideration o its siAe or relation to t!e remainder o t!e composition. &a$aje '"*# &a$$ica/lia: $ c!aconne wit! a ground &rass in )<# time' always in minor. &a$acalle '"+# &a$$in/ Note: See )7. '".# &au$e: T!e sign placed o%er a note or rest to indicate a lengt!ening o t!e time %alue t!ereo. See "*0. &au$a '"0# &edalboard: T!e ,ey&oard played &y t!e eet o a perormer. Teclado de !ontra$ Teclado de &edale$ '"1# &edal Note: ;n a &rass wind instrument' t!e undamental or irst !armonic, Nota &edal &edal ''2# &edal &oint: $ sustained note round w!ic! t!e !armony and counterpoint continues. &unto de Or/ano ''"# &entatonic Scale: $ scale o i%e notes reac!ing t!e octa%e on t!e si9t!, E$cala &entatnica '''# &hanta$9 : $ composition o no prescri&ed orm' and t!ereore essentially an instrumental composition. 1# =anta$3a ''(# &hra$e: ;ne o t!e smallest portions in w!ic! an e9tended composition may &e mar,ed o. =ra$e '')# &hra$in/: T!e art o mar,ing o t!e p!rases into w!ic! a composition alls. =ra$eado ''*# &iece: $ name used musically in a non<tec!nical sense or any instrumental mo%ement. &ie@a ''+# &itch: T!e su&/ecti%e =uality o sound w!ic! determines its position in t!e musical scale or t!e general pitc! le%el o a passage o music. Tono ''.# &itch Accent: T!e importance gi%en to a note &y a relati%ely !ig!er pitc!' particularly in %ocal music. See )#9. Acento Tnico ''0# &lain$on/: T!e w!ole &ody o c!urc! music de%eloped &eore t!e rise o polyp!ony. !anto Llano !anto Gre/oriano ''1# &lica: $ particular note in medie%al music' consisiting o a &re%e or longa wit! t!e addition o some grace note. &lica '(2# &luc<ed In$trument$: String instruments played &y pluc,ing t!e strings, In$trumento$ de cuerda$ punteada$ '("# &oint: See 1"*. '('# &ol9tonalit9: @a%ing more t!an one tonality, &olitonalidad &oliton3a '((# &o$ition o4 a !ommon !hord: See 1#0. '()# &o$tlude: T!e counterpart o prelude. &o$tludio '(*# &relude: +ntroduction to anot!er or to a group o compositions. &reludio '(+# &reparation: T!e sounding o a note as part o a concord &eore it is suspended to orm a discord. &reparacin '(.# &rincipal> $n organ stop an octa%e !ig!er t!an t!e open diapason. &rincipal '(0# &ro/ramme Mu$ic> T!e complementary o a&solute music. M%$ica 8e$cripti7a M%$ica Interpretati7a '(1# &ro/re$$ion: T!e mo%ement rom one note or c!ord to anot!er or c!ain o suc! steps. Marcha =eti$ Marcha Armnica Secuencia 10 ')2# &rolation: +n medie%al music t!e relation &etween semi&re%e and minim. &rolacin ')"# &ure Mu$ic> 6$m E7. See 1. ')'# &ur4lin/> T!e strips o wood ollowing t!e outline o stringed instruments. =ilete$ D ')(# Duadruplet: 1our notes occupying t!e time o t!ree, !uatrillo '))# Dualit9: ;ne o t!e attri&utes o a note, !alidad ')*# Duartet: $ composition o our %oices or instruments, !uarteto ')+# Duill: -omponent part o early !arpsic!ord mec!anism, &lectro de &luma ').# Duint: $n organ stop sounding a it! a&o%e t!e unison. Duinta ')0# Duintet: $ composition or i%e %oices or instruments, Duinteto ')1# Duintuplet: 1i%e notes occupying t!e time o our or o t!ree, Duintillo R '*2# Recapitulation: $ restatement o t!e su&/ect matter o a composition, Recapitulacin Ree:po$icin '*"# Recitati7e: T!e declamatory portions o an opera' oratorio or cantata, Recitado Recitati7o '*'# Reed: A# T!e sound producing agent o %arious instruments, Len/Eeta ;# BB or Shallot: -omponent part o reed pipes operated upon &y t!e tongue. !anal '*(# Reed Stop: $ny register o an organ composed o reed pipes, Len/Eeta Re/i$tro de Len/Eeta '*)# Re/i$ter: $ portion o t!e compass o a %oice produced &y t!e %ocal c!ords in a particular manner. Re/i$tro '**# Re/i$tration: T!e art o rising and com&ining t!e registers o an organ, Re/i$tracin '*+# Related He9$: Keys rat!er closely associated wit! one anot!er rom t!e !armonic and melodic point o %iew. 1* Lla7e$ cone:a$ '*.# Relati7e He9$: Two ,eys' one ma/or and t!e ot!er minor' w!ic! !a%e t!e same signature. Lla7e$ Relati7a$ '*0# Relea$e: T!e mec!anism o a pianoorte t!at &rings t!e !ammer &ac, to its original position' ater !a%ing struc, t!e string. E$cape '*1# Remote He9$: Keys rat!er loosely associated wit! one anot!er rom t!e !armonic and melodic point o %iew. Lla7e$ Remota$ '+2# Repeat: T!e sign used to indicate t!at t!e music is to &e played again rom t!e pre%ious re%ersed orm o t!e sign or rom t!e &eginning. Repeticin '+"# Repeatin/ Mechani$m: +mpro%ement o t!e release mec!anism o t!e !ammer in pianoortes. 8oble E$cape '+'# Repetition: T!e rapid reiteration o a note 6on t!e pianoorte7. Repeticin '+(# Re$olution: T!e relie o t!e emotional stress o a discord &y its mo%ement into t!e su&se=uent !armony. Re$olucin '+)# Re$onator: Glo&e<s!aped apparatus used e.g. &y @elm!oltA to produce pure tones. Re$onador '+*# Re$t: See "17. '++# Re$ultant Tone: $ urt!er tone produced w!en two tones are sounded toget!er, Tono Re$ultante '+.# Retardation: $ term sometimes used o a suspension w!ic! resol%es upwards instead o downwards. Retardo '+0# Rhap$od9: -omposition o imaginati%e and melodious c!aracter o no speciic orm. Rap$odia '+1# Rib$: T!e sides o string instruments o t!e %iolin type. Aro$ !o$tado$ '.2# Roll: T!e rapid regular &eating o a drum, Redoble '."# Romance: $ composition o an e9pressi%e' personal c!aracter' regardless o its orm. Roman@a '.'# Rondo: +ts c!aracteristic eature is t!e deli&erate recurrence o t!e principal su&/ect. Rond '.(# Root: T!e &ass note o a triad orm w!ic! t!e c!ord is deri%ed, ;a$e Nota =undamental 17 S '.)# Scordatura: See 141. '.*# Score: $ll t!e indi%idual parts in a composition written toget!er one a&o%e t!e ot!er. &artitura '.+# Scroll: T!e tail piece o t!e nec, o any stringed instrument, !abe@a !oncha ?oluta '..# Second In7er$ion o4 a !hord: T!e in%ersion in w!ic! t!e it! note &ecomes t!e &ass. E.g. G<E<- or G<-<E Se/unda In7er$in 8e un Acorde '.0# Semitone: See 1"". '.1# Septet: $ composition o se%en %oices or instruments, Septeto '02# Septolet: Se%en notes occupying t!e time o our or o si9, Septillo '0"# SeCuence: 3epetition o a melodic or !armonic p!rase or igure at dierent positions in t!e scale. Secuencia '0'# Serenade: $n e%ening song. Serenata '0(# Se7enth: $n inter%al co%ering se%en degrees o t!e scale, S5ptima '0)# Se:tet: $ composition or si9 %oices or instrument, Se:teto '0*# Se:tolet: $ group o si9 notes o e=ual lengt!' played in t!e time o our. Sei$illo '0+# Sha<e: ;rnament consisting in t!e rapid alteration o a note wit! t!e one a&o%e it. See )*1. Trino '0.# Sharp: T!e sign w!ic! raises a note one semitone rom its original pitc!. So$tenido '00# Si/nature: Eit!er t!e ,ey signature or t!e time signature, Si/natura '01# Si/nature Tune: T!e s!ort melody played &y a &and &eore starting a programme. Indicati7o Mu$ical '12# Sin/le Ton/uin/: T!e normal met!od o tonguing in playing wind instruments, Golpe de Len/ua Sencillo '1"# Si:t9B=ourth Note: 6$m E7. See 1"9. '1'# Slide: -omponent part o &rass instruments' e.g. a trom&one, 14 ?ara '1(# Slider: $ &oard wit! !oles in it running under eac! row o pipes in a windc!est, Re/i$tro '1)# Slur: $ cur%ed line o%er or under a group o notes, Li/adura '1*# So4t &edal: E9tra pedal on grand pianos w!ic! ma,es it possi&le to raise t!e dampers o some strings only. &edal !ele$te &edal 8ulce &edal Sua7e '1+# Sol4e//io: $ %ocal e9ercise usually sung to t!e sylla&les o t!e sol<a notation. Sol4a Sol4eo '1.# Solmi@ation: T!e met!od o illustrating t!e mutual relation o t!e notes o t!e musical scale &y associating certain sylla&les wit! t!em. Solmi$acin '10# Solo: $ny composition or part o it or one singer or instrumentalist, Solo '11# Son/: $ s!ort metrical compoisition its meaning &eing con%eyed e=ually &y words and music. !ancin !anto (22# Soprano: T!e !ig!est emale %oice. See )0*. Soprano Tiple (2"# Sordino: See 194. (2'# Soundboard: $7 T!e &elly o a pianoorte, !aja Armnica Tabla de Armon3a B7 T!e upper surace o a stringed instrument o%er w!ic! t!e strings are stretc!ed. Tabla de Armon3a (2(# Spea<in/ Len/th: T!e lengt! o an organ pipe a&o%e t!e mout!' on w!ic! t!e pitc! largely depends. Lon/itud E4ica@ (2)# Sta44: T!e parallel !oriAontal lines' now in%aria&ly i%e in num&er' upon w!ic! music is written. See )50. &enta/rama (2*# Sta7e: See )5#. (2+# Stic<: T!e wooden part o t!e &ow. ;aCueta &alo (2.# Stop: $7 $ ran, o organ pipes. B7 ;n an organ' eit!er a register or t!e !andle' ta& or ot!er implement used or control. Re/i$tro (20# Stopper: T!e cap o%er t!e top o lue pipes. Sombrete 19 (21# Stoppin/: T!e action o s!ortening t!e lengt! o a %i&rating string. &i$ar una !uerda Tra$tear ("2# Strin/ ;and: -om&ination o string instruments. See )1". OrCue$ta de In$trumento$ de !uerda (""# Strin/ Gau/e: $pparatus or measuring t!e diameter o strings, !uerd>metro ("'# Strin/ Orche$tra: See )15. ("(# Subdominant: T!e ourt! note o any scale in t!e modern ,ey system, Subdominante (")# Subject: .ame gi%en to any musical idea. See ))0. Tema ("*# Submediant: T!e si9t! note o any scale in t!e modern ,ey system. See )17. Superdominante ("+# Suite: (sually an e9tended instrumental composition or one or more solo instruments or orc!estra' consisting o a num&er o mo%ements in dance orm. Suite (".# Superdominant: See )10. ("0# Supertonic: T!e second note o any scale in t!e modern ,ey system, Supertnica ("1# Su$pen$ion: T!e delay o one or more notes o a c!ord in c!anging to t!e ne9t c!ord. Su$pen$in ('2# SIell ;o:: T!e &o9 wit! s!utters in w!ic! t!e pipes o any enclosed organ are located. !aja de E:pre$in ('"# SIell &edal: ;n an organ 6or !arpsic!ord7 a pedal controlling t!e s!utters o a swell &o9. &edal de E:pre$in (''# S9mpathetic Tone: $ sound produced &y resonance, Tono Simp>tico ('(# S9mphon9: $n e9tended orc!estral composition, Sin4on3a (')# S9ncopation: $ distur&ance in t!e normal low o t!e time accents, S3ncopa T ('*# Tablature: $ system o musical notation, Entabladura ('+# Tail: -oncluding section o a composition, !oda ('.# Temperament: $d/ustment in tuning w!ere&y suc! pairs o notes as B s!arp and - or - s!arp and : lat are com&ined instead o &eing treated as indi%iduals, "5 Temperamento ('0# Tenor: T!e !ig!est male %oice in a musical piece. Tenor ('1# Tenor !le4: T!e - cle placed on t!e ourt! line to s!ow t!at t!at note is middle -. !la7e de Tenor ((2# Ternar9 =orm: 1orm in w!ic! &alance is o&tained &y repeating t!e irst p!rase ater a second p!rase o a&out e=ual importance. Terna Ternario (("# Ter@et: $ composition or t!ree %oices, See )*". Terceto Tr3o (('# Te$$itura: :escri&es t!e lie o a composition' t!e predominant pitc! regardless o e9tremes. See ))#. Te$itura (((# Tetrachord: $ group o our sounds orming a scale. Tetracordio (()# Te:ture: See ))". ((*# Theme: See 19" and )1#. ((+# Third: T!e inter%al co%ering t!ree degrees o t!e scale. Inter7alo de Tercera Tercera ((.# Third In7er$ion o4 a !hord> +n a #<note c!ord t!at in%ersion in w!ic! t!e ourt! note &ecomes t!e &assB e.g. in t!e c!ord G<B<:<1 t!e orm o it t!at consists o 1<G<B<: or 1<B<G<:' etc. Tercera In7er$in de un Acorde ((0# Third Major: ;ne o t!e important inter%als co%ering t!ree degrees o t!e scale. Tercera Ma9or ((1# Third minor: See 09. ()2# Thirt9B$econdBnote: 6$m E7. See *5. ()"# Thorou/h ;a$$: $ part played continuously t!roug!out a composition. See )#". ;ajo !ontinuo ()'# Throu/h ;a$$: See )#1. ()(# Thunder Stic<: 6Br E7. $ t!in' lat piece o wood producing a w!iAAing noise. See )49. Re/la Jumbadora ())# Tie: See )5. ()*# Time: See "0. ()+# Ton/ue: -omponent part o reed pipes %i&rating o%er t!e reed or s!allot. Len/Eeta ().# Ton/uin/: T!e mo%ement o t!e tongue in playing wind instruments. Golpe de Len/ua ()0# Tonic: T!e ,ey note in t!e ma/or and minor ,ey system' corresponding to t!e inal o t!e ecclesiastical mode. Tnica ()1# Tonic Accent: See ""7. (*2# To the beat: 3eturn to normal speec!. "1 A comp>$ (*"# Touch: T!e weig!t and mo%ement re=uired to operate t!e ,eys o a ,ey&oard instrument. &ul$acin (*'# Trac<er: +n an organ' t!e lat t!in strip o wood or transerring mo%ement rom t!e ,eys or stops to t!e inside o t!e organ. Re/i$tro (*(# Tran$ition: $ modulation o transient %alue or an a&ruptly eect c!ange o ,ey. Tran$icin (*)# Tran$po$in/ In$trument$: T!ose instruments w!ose music is written' or con%enience' in one ,ey w!ile sounding in anot!er. In$trumento$ Tran$po$itore$ (**# Tran$po$ition: $ reproduction o a passage in anot!er ,ey. Tran$po$icin (*+# Treble: See )55. (*.# Treble !le4: T!e - cle &egun on t!e second line to s!ow t!at t!at line corresponds wit! t!e G a&o%e middle -. !la7e de Sol (*0# Tremolo: T!e rapid reiteration o a note. Tr5molo (*1# Tremulant: $ de%ice or rapidly luctuating t!e wind pressure supplied to t!e pipes o an organ. Tr5molo (+2# Triad: $ c!ord o t!ree notes' t!e e9tremes notes &eing a it! apart and eac! orming a t!ird wit! t!e middle note. Triada (+"# Trill: See "4*. (+'# Trio: See ))1. (+(# Triplet: T!ree notes grouped toget!er under a cur%ed line. Tre$illo (+)# Tritone: $n inter%al o t!ree w!ole tonesB i.e. an augmented ourt!. Tritono (+*# Tube: Cower portion o t!e reed pipe o an organ. Ta@a (++# Tune: See 15. (+.# Tunin/: T!e ad/ustment o an instrument to t!e recogniAed scale. A4inacin (+0# Tunin/ ;oard: 2ooden &ar in a pianoorte carrying t!e tuning pins. !la7ijero de Acorde (+1# Tunin/ =or<: Ditc!<carrying instruments. 8iapa$n (.2# Tunin/ He9: +nstrument or tuning t!e strings o e.g. a piano. See )9*. A4inador Lla7e de A4inador "" (."# Tunin/ Slide: ; an organ pipe' t!e metal lap or cylinder at t!e upper end o a lue pipe or altering t!e lengt! o t!e pipe. !orredera 8iapa$n (.'# Turn: $ melodic ornament o our notes. Grupeto (.(# TIel4th: $n organ stop o diapason =uality sounding a twelt! a&o%e t!e unison. Na$ardo (.)# TIel7e note mu$ic: Music &ased on t!e twel%e notes o t!e c!romatic scale. 8odeca4on3a
(.*# nder lip: T!e lower lip in a lue pipe.
Labio In4erior (.+# ne$$ential Note: $ note not orming part o t!e &asic !armony' suc! as passing not' au9iliary note or appoggiatura. Nota de Adorno (..# ni$on $top$: ;rgan stops w!ic! spea, at t!e pitc! indicated &y t!e written notes. Re/i$tro de Tubo$ de Ocho &ie$ (.0# pperboard: -omponent part o t!e windc!est o an organ' accommodating t!e eet o t!e pipes. Tapa de Secreto (.1# pper Lip: T!e top lip in a lue pipe. Labio Superior ? (02# ?al7e: +mplement o wind instruments or lengt!ening t!e tu&e. &i$tn ?entilla (0"# ?al7e Forn: T!e !orn w!ic! at will can &e switc!ed rom t!e !armonic series at one pitc! to t!at at anot!er. !orneta de Lla7e$ !ornet3n de &i$tn (0'# ?amp: E9temporiAe an accompaniment to a song or instrumental solo. Acompa-amiento Impro7i$ado (0(# ?ariation$: $ny e9tended compositions in w!ic! t!e successi%e sections are eac! deri%ed more or less directly rom t!e t!eme. ?ariacione$ (0)# ?iol =lueBStop$: $ series o lue<stops wit! a comparati%ely t!in and stringly tone. Re/i$tro de ?iola (0*# ?oicer: T!e man carrying out t!e %oicing o an organ. ") Entonador (0+# ?oicin/: -onsists mainly in ad/usting t!e mout!<pieces o a lue pipe or t!e tongue cur%ature o a reed in suc! a manner t!at t!e desired =uality o tone or tim&re is permanently o&tained. Entonacin (0.# ?olume: ;ne o t!e attri&utes o a note. Inten$idad K (00# Ked/e: 2edge<s!aped support or positioning t!e reed in a reed pipe. !u-a (01# Khi@@er: 6$m E7. See )#). (12# Khole Tone Scale: Eit!er o t!e two scales o si9 notes to t!e octa%e w!ic! may &e ta,en rom t!e c!romatic scale. E$cala de Tono$ Entero$ E$cala Fe:atona E$cala Fe:atnica (1"# Kind che$t: T!e &o9 containing t!e wind supplied rom t!e &ellows and in w!ic! are situated t!e pellets. Secreto (1'# Kind Trun<: T!e large pipe w!ic! carries t!e wind rom t!e &ellows to t!e wind c!est. &orta7iento Trompa$ (1(# Kind ?al7e: T!e organ component part admitting wind to t!e pipes. ?entilla (1)# Kire Strin/: String made o metal wire. !uerda de Alambre (1*# Kood Kind: +nstruments usually comprising t!e lute' o&oe and clarinet amilies w!en orming part o an orc!estra or &and. In$trumento$ de Madera (1+# Kre$t: See )75. (1.# Kre$tB&in: T!e pins round w!ic! t!e wires o a pianoorte are twisted and &y w!ic! t!e wires are tuned. !la7ija (10# Kre$tB&lan<: T!e &oard in a pianoorte in w!ic! t!e wrest<pins are set. !la7ijero Y (11# Yodel: See 1#9. "# !ONTRALISTA8O 8E INSTRMENTOS MSI!ALES A Acorden Accordion Arpa Farp Arpa Elica Aeolian Farp B ;ajo ;a$$ ;ajo Armnico Accou$tic ;a$$ ;anjo ;anjo ;ombo ;a$$ 8rum C !arraca Rattle !a$cabele$ Gin/le$ !a$ta-uela$ !a$tanete$ !3mbalo$ !9mbal$ !3tara Jither !lar3n !larion !larinete !larinet "0 !larinete !ontralto Altoclarinet !la7ic5mbalo Farp$ichord !la7ic3mbalo Farp$ichord !la7ic3mbano Farp$ichord !ontrabajo !ontraba$$ !larinetA 8oubleB;a$$ !larinet &edal !larinet !ontra4a/ot 8oubleB;a$$oon !orno In/l5$ En/li$h Forn !uerda de Sol ;a$$ Strin/ E E$pineta Spinet F =a/ot ;a$$oon =lauta =lute =lauta$ de &ico =ipple =lute$A Recorder$ =lauta$ Recta$ =ipple =lute$A Recorder$ =lauta 9 Tamboril Khittle and 8ub G Gaita Galle/a ;a/pipe Gran Lr/ano Grand Or/an Guitarra Guitar "* L La%d Lute Lira L9re M Matraca Rattle O Or/anillo Street Or/anA ;arrel Or/an P &alillo$ 8rum$tic<$ &andereta Timbrell Tambourine &andero Timbrell Tambourine &iano &iano &iano4orte &iano de !ola Grand &iano &latillo$ !9mbal$ R Realijo Street Or/an ;arrel Or/an S "7 Sa:o4n Sa:ophone Sonaja$ Gin/le$ T Tambor 8rum Tambor con Tirante$ de !uerda Side 8rum Snare 8rum Tamboril Timbrell Tambourine Tambor Militar Side 8rum Snare 8rum Tiorba Theorbo Tri>n/ulo Trian/le Trombn Trombone Trombn Alto Alto Trombone Trombn !ontrabajo 8oubleB;a$$ Trombone !ontraba$$ Trombone Trombn de &i$tone$ ?al7e Trombone Trompeta Trumpet Tuba Tuba V ?ibr>4ono ?ibe$ ?ibraharp ?ibraphone ?ir/inal ?ir/inal "4 ?iola Alta Tenor ?iola ?iol3n ?iolin ?ioloncelo !ello ?ioloncell ?ioloncello M Mil4ono M9lophone !ONTRALISTA8O 8E TERMINOLOGIA MSI!AL A A comp>$ To the beat A Ocho &ie$ Ei/htB=ootB&itch Acciacatura Acciaccatura Accidental Accidental Acento Accent Acento A//ico A/o/ic Accent Acento 8in>mico 89namic Accent Acento Tnico &itch Accent Tonic Accent Acolada ;race Acompa-amiento Accompaniment Acompa-amiento Impro7i$ado ?amp Acoplamiento Manual !oupler Acorde !hord Acorde Alterado Altered !hord "9 !hromatic !hord Acorde !on$onante !oncord Acorde de S5ptima de 8ominante 8ominant Se7enth Acorde 8i$onante 8i$cord Acorde &er4ecto !ommon !hord Acorde &er4ecto In7ertido In7er$ion o4 a !ommon !hord &o$ition o4 a !ommon !hord A4inacin Tunin/ A4inacin &ura Meantone A4inador Tunin/ He9 Kre$t A/rupacin Meldica Melod9 Section A/udo Acute Fi/h Aire Air Tune Apa/ador 8amper Apo9atura Appo//iatura Arco =iddle Stic< Armadura de la !la7e He9 Si/nature Armon3a Farmon9 Aro$ Rib$ Arpe/io Arpe//io Atonal Atonal Aumentacin Au/mentation B ;ajo !ontinuo Thorou/h ;a$$ Throu/h ;a$$ ;alada ;allad ;aCueta Stic< ;ar3tono ;aritone ;a$e Root ;atuta ;aton ;ecuadro Natural ;emol =lat ;lanca M3nima Fal4BNote Minim ;lue$ ;lue C !abe@a Scroll )5 !adencia !adence !adencia Imper4ecta Fal4B!lo$e Imper4ect !adence !adencia Interrumpida Interrupted !adence !aja Armnica Soundboard !aja de E:pre$in SIell ;o: !alidad Dualit9 !anal Groo7e Reed Shallot !ancin Son/ !anon !anon !anto Son/ !anto a !apella A !apella !anto a !oro A !apella !anto =ijo =i:ed Son/ !anto Gre/oriano Gre/orian Tone$ &lain$on/ !anto Llano &lain$on/ !la7e He9 !la7e de Sol Treble !le4 !la7e de Tenor Tenor !le4 !la7ija Kre$tB&in !la7ijero Kre$tB&lan< !la7ijero de Acorde Tunin/ ;oard !oda Tail !olocatura !olocatura !omp>$ ;ar !ompa$ Time !oncha Scroll !oncierto !oncert !oncerto !oncierto 8oble 8ouble !oncerto !ontralto Alto !ontrapunto !ounterpoint !ontrapunto 8oble 8ouble !ounterpoint !orneta de Lla7e$ ?al7e Forn !ornet3n de &i$tn ?al7e Forn !oro !hoir !horu$ !orredera Tunin/ Slide !o$tado$ Rib$ !uarta =ourth !uarteto Duartet !uatrillo Duadruplet !uerda al Aire Open Strin/ )1 !uerda de Alambre Kire Strin/ !uerd>metro Strin/ Gau/e !u-a Ked/e D 8e$a4inacin Anormal Mi$tunin/ 8e$arrollo 8e7elopment 8iapa$n Tunin/ =or< Tunin/ Slide 8iatnico 8iatonic 8i$canto 8e$cant 8i$minucin 8iminution 8i$onancia 8i$$onance 8oble ;arrade !omp>$ 8ouble ;ar 8oble ;emol 8ouble =lat 8oble !uerda 8ouble Stoppin/ 8oble E$cape Repeatin/ Mechani$m 8oble =u/a 8ouble =u/ue 8oble So$tenido 8ouble Sharp 8odeca4on3a TIel7e note mu$ic 8ominante 8ominant 8o$illo !ouplet 8uplet 8ueto 8uet 8%o 8%o 8uet 8%o E Embocadura Embouchure Enarmnico Enharmonic Entabladura Tablature Entonacin Intonation ?oicin/ Entonador ?oicer E$cala de Tono$ Entero$ Khole Tone Scale E$cala 8iatnica Gamut E$cala ECuitemperada ECuall9 Tempered Scale Major Scale o4 ECual Intonation Major Scale o4 ECual Temperament E$cala Fe:atona Khole Tone Scale )" E$cala Fe:atnica Khole Tone Scale E$cala Menor Minor Scale E$cala Natural Gu$t Scale Major Scale o4 Gu$t Intonation Major Scale o4 Gu$t Temperament E$cala Normal Gu$t Scale Major Scale o4 Gu$t Intonation Major Scale o4 Gu$t Tempreament E$cala &entatnica &entatonic Scale E$cala Temperada Gu$t Scale Major Scale o4 Gu$t Intonation Major Scale o4 Gu$t Tempreament E$cape Relea$e E:po$icin E:po$ition F =al$a Relacin =al$e Relation =al$ete =al$et ?oice =anta$3a &hanta$9 =i/ura =i/ure =ilete$ &ur4lin/ =inal =inal =ondo ;ac< =orma =orm =ra$e &hra$e =ra$eado &hra$in/ =recuencia Natural Natural =reCuenc9 =recuencia &ropia Natural =reCuenc9 =u/a =u/ue =u/ado =u/ato =u/ueta =u/hetta =u$a 8emi$emiCua7er Thirt9BSecond Note G Gar/anteo Tirol5$ Godel Yodel Golpe de Len/ua Ton/uin/ Golpe de Len/ua 8oble 8ouble Ton/uin/ )) Golpe de Len/ua Sencillo Sin/le Ton/uin/ Grado 8e/ree Grupeto Turn H Fe:acordo Fe:achord Fomo4on3a Fomophon9 Fom4ono Fomophone I Imitacin Imitation Impro7i$acin E:tempori@ation Impro7i$ation Indicati7o Mu$ical Si/nature Tune In4le:in In4le:ion In$trumentacin In$trumentation In$trumento$ de !obre ;ra$$ ;ra$$ In$trument In$trumento$ de !uerda$ &unteada$ &luc<ed In$trument$ In$trumento$ de Madera Kood Kind In$trumento$ Tran$po$itore$ Tran$po$in/ In$trument$ Inten$idad ?olume Interludio Interlude Inter7alo Inter7al Inter7alo Aumentado Au/mented Inter7al Inter7alo !rom>tico !hromatic Inter7al Inter7alo de !uarta =ourth Inter7alo de Duinta =i4th Inter7alo de Tercera Third +nter%alo :isminuido :iminis!ed +nter%al Inter7alo Ma9or Major Inter7al Inter7alo Menor Minor Inter7al Inter7alo Mu$ical Mu$ical Inter7al Inter7alo$ !ompue$to$ !ompound Inter7al$ Introduccin Introduction In7er$in de Inter7alo In7er$ion o4 Inter7al$ L Labio In4erior nder Lip Labio Superior pper Lip Len/Eeta Gac< Reed Reed Stop )# Ton/ue Len/Eeta Libre =ree Reed Li/adura ;ind Slur Tie L3nea$ Adicionale$ Le/er Line$ Lla7e !le4 Lla7e de A4inador Tunin/ He9 Kre$t Lla7e de 8o Alto !le4 Lla7e de =a ;a$$ !le4 Lla7e$ !one:a$ Related He9$ Lla7e$ Relati7a$ Relati7e He9$ Lla7e$ Remota$ Remote He9$ Lon/a Lon/ Lon/itud E4ica@ Spea<in/ Len/th M Man/o =in/erB;oard Manual Manual Marcha Armnica &ro/re$$ion Marcha de =eti$ &ro/re$$ion Marcha =%nebre 8eadBMarch =uneral March Martillo Fammer M>$til =i/erB;oard M>:ima Lar/e Mediante Mediant Meli$ma Meli$ma Melod3a Air M5trica Metre Metrnomo Metronome Me@@o$oprano Me@@oBSoprano Mi:tura$ Mi:ture Stop$ Modo Mood Mode Modulacin Modulation Monod3a Monod9 Mono4on3a Monophon9 Montono Monotone Mordente Mordent Mordente In7ertido In7erted Mordent Motete Motet Moti7o Moti7e Theme Moti7o &rincipal Guidin/ Theme )0 Mo7imiento Motion Mo7imiento8e$juntado 8i$junct Motion Msica Abso!"a Abso!"e M!sic &ure Mu$ic M%$ica 8e$cripti7a &ro/ramme Mu$ic M%$ica E$c5nica Incidental Mu$ic M%$ica Interpretati7a &ro/ramme Mu$ic M%$ica &ura Ab$olute Mu$ic &ure Mu$ic Mu$icolo/3a Mu$icolo/9 # Na$ardo TIel4th Noneto Nonet Nota Au:iliar Au:iliar9 Note Nota de Adorno ne$$ential Note Nota de !la7e He9note Nota de &a$o !han/in/ Note &a$$in/ Note Nota =inal =inal Nota =undamental Root Nota &edal &edal Note Nota Sen$ible Leadin/ Note Notacin Al4ab5tica Alphabetical Notation Nota$ de Adorno Grace Note$ Nota$ E$enciale$ E$$ential Note$ No7ena Ninth O Obertura O7erture Octa7a Octa7e Octeto Octet Opera Opera Ori4icio =in/erhole OrCue$ta Orche$tra OrCue$ta de In$trumento$ de !uerda Strin/ ;and Strin/ Orche$tra OrCue$tacin Orche$tration P &alo Stic< &arte &art &artitura Score )* &artitura de OrCue$ta Open Score &a$acalle &a$$ica/lia &a$aje &a$$a/e &au$a &au$e Re$t &edal &edal Note &edal !ele$te So4t &edal &edal de E:pre$in SIell &edal &edal del =orte 8amper &edal E:ten$ion &edal Loud &edal Open &edal &edal 8ulce So4t &edal &edal Sua7e So4t &edal &enta/rama Sta44 Sta7e &ie@a &iece &i$ar una !uerda Stoppin/ &i$tn ?al7e &lectro de &luma Duill &lica &lica &olitonalidad &ol9tonalit9 &oliton3a &ol9tonalit9 &orta7iento Kind Trun< &o$tludio &o$tlude &otBpourr3 Medle9 &reludio &relude &reparacin &reparation &rimera In7er$in de un Acorde =ir$t In7er$ion o4 a !hord &rincipal &rincipal &rolacin &rolation &ul$acin Touch &ul$ador Le7er &unta Fead &oint &unto 8ot &unto de Lr/ano &edal &oint $ Duiebro Mordent Duinta =i4th Duint Duinteto Duintet Duintillo Duintuplet )7 R Rap$odia Rhap$od9 Ra9a de !omp>$ ;ar Recapitulacin Recapitulation Recitado Recitati7e Recitati7o Recitati7e Redoble Roll Ree:po$icin Recapitulation Re/i$tracin Re/i$tration Re/i$tro Re/i$ter Slider Stop Trac<er Re/i$tro de Len/Eeta Reed Stop Re/i$tro de Mutacin Mutation Stop Re/i$tro de Tubo$ de Ocho &ie$ ni$on Stop$ Re/i$tro de ?iola ?iol =lueBStop$ Re/i$tro &rincipal 8iapa$on Re/i$tro$ de Mi:tura Mi:ture Stop$ Re/la Jumbadora Thunder Stic< Khi@@er Repeticin Repeat Repetition Re$olucin Re$olution Re$onador Re$onator Retardo Retardation Roman@a Romance Rond Rondo S Scordatura Mi$tunin/ Scordatura Secreto Kind !he$t Secuencia &ro/re$$ion SeCuence Se/unda In7er$in de un Acorde Second In7er$ion o4 a !hord Sei$illo Se:tolet Semi4u$a Femidemi$emiCua7er Si:t9B=ourth Note Semitono Fal4BStep Semitone Septeto Septet Septillo Septolet S5ptima Leadin/ Note Se7enth )4 Serenata Serenade Serie de Armnico$ Farmonic Serie$ Se:teto Se:tet Si/natura Si/nature Si/no$ de M%$ica Mu$ical S9mbol$ S3ncopa S9ncopation Sin4on3a S9mphon9 Sol4a Sol4e//io Sol4eo Sol4e//io Solmi$acin Solmi@ation Solo Solo Sombrete Stopper Soprano Soprano Treble Sordina Mute Sordino So$tenido Sharp Subdominante Subdominant Suite Suite Superdominante Submediant Superdominant Supertnica Supertonic Su$pen$in Su$pen$ion T Tabla de Armon3a Soundboard Tan/ente Gac< Tapa de Secreto pperboard Ta@a Tube Tecla 8i/ital He9 Teclado He9board Teclado de !ontra$ &edalboard Teclado de &edale$ &edalboard Teclado Manual Manual Tema Moti7e Theme Subject Temperamento Temperament Tenor Tenor Tercera Third Tercera 8i$minuida 8imini$hed Third Tercera In7er$in de un AcordeThird In7er$ion o4 a !hord Tercera Ma9or Third Major Tercera Menor 8emiBtone )9 Third Minor Terceto Ter@et Trio Terna Ternar9 =orm Ternario Ternar9 =orm Te$itura Te$$itura Te:ture Tetracordio Tertrachord Tiempo ;eat Timbre Mu$ical Dualit9 Tiple Soprano Tonada Mu$ical Air Tnica Tonic Tono &itch Tono 8i4erencial 8i44erence Tone Tono Natural Natural Note Tono Re$ultante Re$ultant Tone Tono Simp>tico S9mpathetic Tone Tono$ Adicionale$ Additional Tone$ Tran$cripcin Arran/ement Tran$4ormacin del Tema Metamorpho$i$ Tran$icin Tran$ition Tran$po$icin Tran$po$ition Tra$tear Stoppin/ Tra$te$ =ret$ Tr5molo Tremolo Tremulant Tre$illo Triplet Triada Triad Trino Sha<e Trill Tr3o Ter@et Trio Tritono Tritone Trompa$ Kind Trun< V ?ara Slide ?ariacione$ ?ariation$ ?entilla ?al7e Kind ?al7e ?oluta Scroll ?o@ de !abe@a Fead Tone Fead ?oice ?o@ de &echo !he$t Tone #5 !he$t ?oice ANEMO: INSTRMENTOS MSI!ALES A "# Accordion: $ porta&le ree reed ,eyed instrument. Acorden '# Accou$tic ;a$$: $n organ stop on t!e pedal organ. ;ajo Armnico (# Aeolian Farp: $ stringed instrument allowed to sound &y t!e natural wind &lowing against strings strec!ed o%er a sounding &oard. Arpa Elica )# Alta: T!e oldest mem&er o t!e amily larger t!an t!e %iolin &ut smaller t!an t!e %ioloncello. See #9' *1. ?iola *# Altoclarinet: $ single reed woodwind instrument diering &ut little rom t!e clarinet. !larinete !ontralto +# Alto Trombone: ;ne o t!e mem&ers o t!e trom&one amiliy' superseded &y t!e tenor trom&one. Trombn Alto B .# ;a/pipe: $ wind instrument consisiting o a &low pipe' wind&ag and our reed pipes. Gaita Galle/a 0# ;anjo: +nstrument o t!e guitar amily' !a%ing rom i%e to nine strings wit! a &elly o parc!ment strec!ed o%er a !oop' &ut no &ac,. Banjo 1# ;arrel Or/an: $ mec!anically operated organ. See #*. Or/anillo Realijo "2# ;a$$: T!e lowest o t!e our principal %oices in a musical piece. ;ajo ""# ;a$$ 8rum: T!e &iggest drum now in use. +t !as no snares. ;ombo #1 "'# ;a$$oon: $ reed organ stop o 1*<oot pitc!, =a/ot "(# ;a$$ Strin/: T!e lowest string on any &owed or pluc,ed instrument. !uerda de Sol ! ")# !a$tanete$: Two small !ollow pieces o wood attac!ed to t!e t!um& or ot!er inger o eac! !and. !a$ta-uela$ "*# !ello: 6;r E#, T!e t!ird largest mem&er in siAe o t!e strings o an orc!estra. See *)' *#. ?ioloncelo "+# !larinet: $ reed stop o 4<oot pEtc!, !larinete ".# !larion: $ small trumpet o a narrow &ore, !lar3n "0# !ontraba$$ !larinet: T!e largest mem&er o t!e strings in an orc!estra. See "1' )7. !ontrabajo "1# !ontraba$$ Trombone: See "). '2# !9mbal$: Dlates o &rass wit! leat!er !andles !eld in t!e !ands or astened to a support' t!is sometimes &eing t!e &ig drum. &latillo$ !3mbalo$ 8 '"# 8oubleB;a$$ !larinet: See 14. ''# 8oubleB;a$oon: $n instrument resem&ling t!e &asoon &ut longer and in pitc! an octa%e lower. !ontra4a/ot '(# 8oubleB;a$$ Trombone: $ trom&one' in pitc! an octa%e &elow t!e tenor trom&one. See 19. Trombn Contrabajo ')# 8rum: $ny percussion instrument consisting o a s,in stretc!ed o%er a rame. Tambor '*# 8rum$tic<$: T!e stic,s used in drumming, &alillo$ E '+# En/li$h Forn: T!e medium dou&le reed woodwind instrument o t!e orc!estra' %ery similar to t!e o&oe. !orno In/l5$ F #" '.# =ipple =lute$: See #1. '0# =lute: Generic name o t!e instruments &elonging to t!e recorder and t!e trans%erse lute amilies. =lauta G '1# Grand Or/an: T!e complete organ as in c!urc!es and consisting e.g. o t!e great organ' t!e swell organ' t!e c!oir organ' t!e solo organ and t!e ec!o organ. Gran Or/ano (2# Grand &iano: @oriAontal tailed pianoorte. &iano de !ola ("# Guitar: $n ancient and widely distri&uted instrument o t!e lute type' &ut wit! a lat or slig!tly rounded &ac,' played wit! t!e ingers. Guitarra H ('# Farp: $n open rame o%er w!ic! is stretc!ed a graduated series o strings' set in %i&ration &y pluc,ing wit! t!e ingers. Arpa ((# Farp$ichord: T!e most important o t!e ,ey&oard stringed instruments in w!ic! t!e strings are set in %i&ration &y /ac,s. !la7ic5mbalo !la7ic3mbalo !la7ic3mbano G ()# Gin/le$: T!e discs o metal astened round t!e sides o t!e tam&ourine. !a$cabele$ Sonaja$ L (*# Lute: $ pluc,ed string instrument wit! a pear<s!aped &ac, and conca%e sides. Lad (+# L9re: $ pluc,ed string instrument' no longer in use and s!aped li,e a !arp. Lira P (.# &edal !larinet: See 14. (0# &iano: Key&oard stringed instrument &eing sounded &y !ammers. See )9. &iano (1# &iano4orte: See )4. #) R )2# Rattle: $ small rame &earing strips o wood re%ol%ed so t!at t!ey catc! in t!e cogs o a w!eel. !arraca Matraca )"# Recorder$: +nclude all lutes o t!e end<&lown' w!istle<mout!piece type. See "7. =lauta$ de &ico =lauta$ Recta$ S )'# Sa:ophone: $ wind instrument made o &rass' &ut ,eyed and played wit! a single reed. Saxofn )(# Side 8rum: $ small cylindrical drum wit! parc!ment at eac! end' one end !a%ing snares across it. See ##. Tambor con Tirante$ de !uerda Tambor Militar ))# Snare 8rum: See #). )*# Spinet: 3esem&les t!e %irginal in !a%ing one string to a note' &ut diers rom it in &eing not rectangular &ut wings!aped. T!e strings run at an angle o a&out #0 degrees to t!e ,ey&oard. E$pineta )+# Street Or/an: See 9. ).# SIell Or/an: T!e second most important organ on a modern c!urc! organ. Or/ano E:pre$i7o T )0# Tambourine: $ s!allow wooden !oop wit! a parc!ment !ead B t!e !oop !as circular /ingles inserted. See 01. &andereta &andero Tam&oril )1# Tenor: See #. *2# Theorbo: $ large lute wit! two peg &o9es. *"# Timbrell: See #4. *'# Trian/le: T!e tin,ling orc!estra instrument, Tri>n/ulo *(# Trombone: $ reed organ stop o 1*<oot pitc!. ## Trombn *)# Trumpet: $7 Brass wind instrument usually wit! a mainly cylindrical &ore and a !emisp!erical mout!piece. B7 $ reed organ stop o 4<oot pitc! on t!e manuals Trompeta **# Tuba: $7 $ reed organ stop o 4<oot pitc! on t!e manuals. B7 $ deep<toned &rass wind instrument wit! %al%es' played wit! a cupped mout!piece. Tuba V *+# ?al7e Trombone: +nstrument o t!e trom&one amily using %al%es instead o slides. Trombn de &i$tone$ *.# ?ibe$: $n instrument resem&ling t!e marim&a. See 04' 09. ?ibr>4ono *0# ?ibraharp: See 07. *1# ?ibraphone: See 07. +2# ?iol: $ stringed instrument ater t!e iddle &ut &eore t!e %iolin, Viola +"# ?iola: See # +'# ?iolin: T!e most important string instruments since t!e se%enteent! century, ?iol3n +(# ?ioloncell: 6$m E7. See 10. +)# ?ioloncello: 6BrE7. See 10. +*# ?ir/inal: ;ldest and simplest mem&er o t!e !arpsic!ord amily' o&long in s!ape. T!e strings run parallel to t!e ,ey&oard. ?ir/inal % ++# Khittle and 8ub: -om&ination o a small drum and a lute wit! t!ree !oles played &y one perormer. =lauta 9 Tamboril M +.# M9lophone: $ graduated series o !ard wooden &ars' played wit! two &eaters !eld in t!e !ands. FilGono J +0# Jither: $ modern pluc,ed string instrument rat!er popular in Ba%aria and Tyrol. !3tara #0