INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE

1.1 INTRODUCTION
In general, personnel in the various mechanical workshops of polytechnic are trained on
how to use the workshop tools, machine tool and equipment. Only trained and
competent persons will be assigned to these mechanical workshop and permitted to
operate the equipment. Untrained personnel will be denied from entering workshops
unless they have the level of proficiency as determined by the workshop supervisor. The
safety in the workshops has been written not only to provide novices with the
appropriate safety procedures but also to assist trained workshop personnel with the
provision of a reference document outlining the general principles of safe working
practices.

The purpose of a lathe is to rotate a part against a tool whose position it controls. It is useful for
fabricating parts and/or features that have a circular cross section. The spindle is the part of the
lathe that rotates. Various workholding attachments such as three jaw chucks, collets, and
centers can be held in the spindle. The spindle is driven by an electric motor through a system of
belt drives and/or gear trains. Spindle speed is contolled by varying the geometry of the drive
train.
The tailstock can be used to support the end of the workpiece with a center, or to hold tools for
drilling, reaming, threading, or cutting tapers. It can be adjusted in position along the ways to
accomodate different length workpices. The ram can be fed along the axis of rotation with the
tailstock handwheel.
The carriage controls and supports the cutting tool. It consists of:
A saddle that mates with and slides along the ways.
An apron that controls the feed mechanisms.
A cross slide that controls transverse motion of the tool (toward or away from the operator).
A tool compound that adjusts to permit angular tool movement.
A toolpost T-slot that holds the toolpost.
A turret lathe is used by metalworking shops to fashion parts that are a standard size and shape.
This style of lathe has an indexabletoolholder, which means that a series of cuts may be made to
the piece in succession. The person operating the turret lathe doesn't need to stop in between
cuts to set up for the next one. The path used to make the metal parts using a turret lathe is
controlled by the machine itself, which leads to a more efficient process.








1.2. OBJECTIVES

To understand how to remove extra material from the work-piece to make a desired
shape with the help of specified tools.
Perform rightfully transverse/ facing on a work piece using roughing
tool bits according to prescribed procedures.
Perform rightfully parting operations on a work piece using parting tool
bits according to prescribed procedures.
Perform rightfully small taper turning on a work piece using roughing
tool bits according to prescribed procedures.
Perform rightfully face milling to produce hexagon using simple
indexing according to prescribed procedures.
Perform rightfully cutting external metric thread according to
prescribed procedures.
















SAFETY MEASURE

The following recommendation details the standard procedure or the behaviors for
all the personnel working with in a workshop:

i. Before start any work in the workshop, permission must be obtained from workshop
supervisor or lecturer.
ii. Always wear safety attire during the welding process.
iii. Working area and equipments are to be thoroughly cleaned after use the usage.
iv. Keep the workshop clean and tidy at all time.
v. Always seek instruction before using unfamiliar piece the equipment.
vi. Only use the toils and machines for their intended purpose.
vii. Report all the damages equipment and do not use it until it has been repaired by a
qualified person.
viii. Where machine guards are provide they must be kept in place.
ix. Never distract the attention of another staff member when that person is operating the
equipment and never indulge in horseplay.
x. Always use the appropriate personal protective devices and check if they are clean and
in good condition before and after use.
xi. If you are the last person to leave the workshop, make sure all equipment is turned off.
























2.1 APPEARRANCE ANDEQUIPMENT





Figure 1: SAFETY APPERANCE













GOGGLE
EAR MUFFS

LATHE MACHINE
















VERTICAL MILLING MACHINE



MACHINE TOOLS / EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL



CUTTING TOOL

-to cut and remove the unwanted parts

VERNIER CALIPER

-to make measurement and dimension

CHUCK TIGHTENED

-to tigh the chuck with work piece

DRILLING TOOL

-using with turret machine to get hexagon
shape
TABLE 1 : LATHE MACHINE APPARATUS
OPERATING PROCEDURES




Cut a bar metal until get the length 60mm



Do a turning process until get a diameter
35mm for 15mm length from side.


After that,do the same process until get the
25mm diameter start 15mm length from
side.


25mm length from side,get a 20mm
diameter with turning proses with width
5mm.
15mm


Then,do a chamfer process at the bottom
with radius 2mm.

After finis a chamfer process,do a thread
process with M 25x4.

The length of this thread is 30mm from the
bottom.


To get a hexagon,we must use milling
process.
First,place a work pice to centre and set a
table to 0 degree.
Next,close the workpiece into tool bits and
get rid 0f 1.5mm for each side.

Next,repeat the step by set up a table for
60,120,180,240,300,360/0 degree.
U will get a 6side hexagon with witdh
32mm.



Final result
Table 2 :procedure





PROJECT


CONCLUSION

Based from this machining process, student will get the basic skill of handling machine
with the different type of lathe skill. Then, student also will understand the safety
behavior while handling machine . In this case, student will be mature will doing this
process and will be serious while doing this activity to get the better result of lathe
process.Student also will understand the safety when at workshop or when doing the
machine.

Next, student will get on how to choose a tool bits that suitable with process.This
because that a suitable tool bits for a certain process. In this case because student will
get a different result when use wrong tool bits.































REFERRENCE

https://www.google.com.my/search?biw=1366&bih=624&site=webhp&tbm=isc
h&sa=1&q=thread+process+on+lathe+machine&oq=thread+process+on+lathe+
machine&gs_l=img.3...115686.117572.0.118159.7.7.0.0.0.0.186.889.0j6.6.0....0..
.1c.1.55.img..7.0.0.Kbxj9ykPaGY#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=v1V8kGQR13dxoM%2
53A%3BsrGlMuumggl_LM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.custompartnet.com
%252Fimage%252Fmachining%252Fthread-cutting-
operation.png%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.custompartnet.com%252Fgloss
ary%252Ft%3B480%3B480

http://firearmsdesigner.com/?p=52


































TITLE PAGE
INTRODUCTION 1
OBJECTIVE 2
SAFETY MEASURE 3
APPEARRANCE ANDEQUIPMENT
4
LATHE MACHINE 5
VERTICAL MILLING MACHINE 6
MACHINE TOOLS / EQUIPMENT AND
MATERIAL

7
OPERATING PROCEDURES

8-9
PROJECT

10
CONCLUSION 11
REFERRENCE 12













INDEX