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AHIRBUDHANYA

Also known as a dragon of the deep. It is one of the 11 primary Rudras (q.v.) produced by Sage
Kashyapa and Surabhi, who was one of the daughters of Daksha Prajapati (q.v.). Ahirbudhanya
produced 80 million invincible trident-holding secondary Rudras who were spread in all directions to
protect mankind. Along with Ajaikapada, another primary Rudra, he formed the dual principles of
light and darkness, heat and cold, and is personified, as Agni while Ajaikapada is Soma. Ajaikapada
and Ahirbudhanya preside over Purva and Uttara Bhadrapadas (q.v.),
AJA-EKA-PADA/AJAIKAPADA
[(Aja = ram) + (Eka = one) + (Pada = foot)]. Presiding deity of Purva Bhadrapada (q.v.), a primary
Rudra born of Kashyapa and Surabhi, represents the sure-footed goat. It is transcendent cosmic
energy, referred in the Atharva Veda along with Rohit, primarily concerned with producing heaven
and earth. Ajaikapada establishes itself as the Sun to nourish the universe. (See Ahirb0udhanya)

Aja Ekapad IS Rudra Shiva ~ and Shiva Shankara is the Lord of all Rudrah.
The Rudrah are innumerable, and the Vedas give their number as 11.
The Mahabharata names the eleven as: Mrgavyadha, Sharva, Nirrti, Ajaikapad, Ahirbudhnya, Pinakin,
Dahana, Ishvara, Kapalin, Sthanu, and Bhava.
The Harivamsha names the eleven as: Hara, Vahrupa, Tryambaka, Aparajita, Vrshakapi, Shambhu,
Kapardin, Raivata, Mrgavyadha, Sarpa, and Kapalin.
The Matsyapurana names the eleven as: Ajaikapad, Ahirbudhnya, Viupaksha, Raivata, Hara,
Vahurupa, Tryambaka, Savitra, Jayanta, Pinakin, and Aparajita.
So, what is that Aja Ekpad? Rig Vedic sages do not pray directly to Aja Ekapad. It's a nice mystery.
The evolution of Ekapada is unclear; however, most scholars agree that he emerged from the Vedic
deity Aja Ekapada or Ajaikapada (a sandhi of Aja and Ekapada).
[8][9]
The first mention of Aja Ekapada
("the one-footed goat" or "the one-footed unborn one") is found in the Vedas, Hinduism's earliest
scriptures. Aja Ekapada is closely associated with Ahi Budhnya ("serpent of the deep ocean"),
appearing in juxtaposition with the latter in five Rig Vedic hymns and once without him.
[10]
According
to V. S. Agrawala, Aja Ekapada and Ahi Budhnya appear to be twin aspects of the same deity.
[9]

According to another interpretation, Aja Ekapada appears to be an aerial deity since he is invoked as
the supporter of the sky and the thundering flood. In Yaska's Naighantuka (a thesaurus), Aja Ekapada is
mentioned with the deities of the celestial realms. The Atharvaveda describes him as made of two
worlds. The Taittiriya Brahmana describes him as rising from the east.[10] The commentator of this
text interprets Aja Ekapada as a form of the fire-god Agni,[10] as does the modern scholar V. S.
Agrawala.[9] Durga on the Nirukta interprets him to be the sun, and some scholars also consider him
a solar deity. Some scholars associate him with storms and interpret Aja Ekapada as a lighting strike
coming down on earth in a single streak. In the Hindu epics, Aja Ekapada, spelled Ajaikapada, is
described as one of the 11 Rudras and an epithet of Shiva, an identification that still is in vogue and is
reflected in most of his representations.[10] In the epic Mahabharata, both Ajaikapada and Ahi
Budhnya are described as Rudras.[11] The twin deities are characterized as guardians of the
gold, with Kubera, the treasurer of the gods.[10] Some Puranas describe Aja, Ekapada (Ekapat),
and Ahirbudhnya as three different Rudras.[12] Ajaikapada is described as a Rudra in the Linga
Purana too.[9][13] In most cases Shiva is the governing deity of the Rudras, including Aja-Ekapada.[9]
Ajaikapat usually assumes the form of a fire dragon living in flames. Ahir Budnya usually assumes the
form of a water dragon living in the depths of the ocean.

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