EE 164 Problem Set 5 Spring 2005

Problem 1: For a GRIN fiber, let

1
1.5 n = , 0.01 = , 2 = , and 50 a m = .
a) Plot ( ) n r within the core to scale.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
1
1 2 / 1.5 1 2 /50 0.01
a
n r n r a r = =
b) Repeat on the same graph, changing to 10.
( ) ( ) ( )
10
1.5 1 2 /50 0.01 n r r =
c) Repeat on the same graph with 0.001 = and 2 =
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1.5 1 2 /50 0.001 n r r =

/ r a
( ) a ( ) b ( ) c
0 1.5 1.5 1.5
0.1 1.4998 1.5 1.4999
0.2 1.4994 1.5 1.4999
0.3 1.4986 1.5 1.4999
0.4 1.4976 1.5 1.4998
0.5 1.4962 1.5 1.4996
0.6 1.4946 1.4999 1.4995
0.7 1.4926 1.4996 1.4993
0.8 1.4904 1.4984 1.4990
0.9 1.4878 1.4948 1.4988
1.0 1.4849 1.4849 1.4985

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
1.485
1.490
1.495
1.500
( ) a
( ) b
( ) c
/ r a
( ) n r


Problem 2: For a single-mode and a multimode GRIN fiber,
1
1.48 n = , and
2
1.46 n = ,
wavelength =0.82 m , linewidth =20 nm.

1 2
1.48, 1.46, 0.82 , 20 , 0.0135 n n m nm = = = = =
M =material dispersion (from figure in text)

g
M =waveguide dispersion (assumed negligible).
a) Compute the 3-dB bandwidth-length product. Neglect waveguide dispersion.
( ) ( ) ( )( ) / 110 20 2200
g
DIS
L M M ps nmx km nm ps km = + = =

( )
( )
( )
1 1
0 1
sin 2 sin 1.5 2 0.01 12.247 n

= = =
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
/ 2.2456
TOTAL DIS MOD
L L L ns km = + =



( ) ( )
3
1 1
0.227
2 2 2.2
db
DIS
f L GHz km
L ns km
= = =

(single mode)

( ) ( )
3
1 1
0.2227
2 2 2.2456
db
TOT
f L GHz km
L
= = =

(multimode)

b) Repeat if linewidth =1 nm.
c) Repeat of wavelength =1.5 m , linewidth =50 nm.
d) Repeat of wavelength =1.5 m , linewidth =1 nm.

( ) m

( ) nm


M
ps
nmkm




( )
( )
/
DIS
L
ns km


( )
( )
mod
/ L
ns km


( )
( )
/
TOT
L
ns km


Single
Mode
( )
3db
f L
GHz km

Multimod
e
( )
3db
f L
GHz km

( ) a 0.82
20
110 2.2 0.496 2.25 0.227 0.223
( ) b 0.82
1
110 0.11 0.45 0.46 4.55 1.08
( ) c 1.5
50
-15 0.75 0.45 0.87 0.667 0.574
( ) d 1.5
1
-15 0.015 0.45 0.45 33.3 1.11
Note the advantage of the single mode fiber except where an LED is used at the short
wavelength.

Problem 3: A fiber has an NA =0.2588. A light source coupled to it emits 75% of its light
into a60

full-cone angle, 50% into a30

cone, and 25% in to a15

cone. What is
the coupling efficiency when this source and fiber are connected?

0.2588 sin NA = =
15 , = fiber acceptance angel
The source emits 50% of its light into this 30 cone.
Efficiency 50% 3dB = =

Problem 4: Compute the bandwidth in Hertz of the S-band, the C-band, and the L-band that
is compute the range from the lowest to the highest frequency in each band.

S-Band: 1460-1530 nm
C-Band: 1530-1565 nm
L-Band: 1565-1625 nm
f c =
( ) nm ( ) f Hz
1460
14
2.0547 10
1530
14
1.9608 10
1565
14
1.9169 10
1625
14
1.846 10
S-Band:
14 14 12
2.0547 10 1.9608 10 9.39 10 9.39 Hz = = THz
C-Band: 4.39 THz
L-Band: 7.09 THz