04 - FA31324EN32GLA0 - CrossConnect Multiplexer PDF

CrossConnect Multiplexer
FA31324EN32GLA0
2009 Nokia Siemens Networks
1
Contents
1 CMXC application 3
2 SNUS DCN View 8
3 System structure 10
4 Interfaces 13
4.1 External interfaces 14
4.2 Internal interfaces 16
5 Channel conferencing modes of the cross-connectors 18
6 Additional features 21
6.1 8 kbit/s cross-connections 22
6.2 Module redundancy 23
6.3 Alternative route switching for a 2 Mbit/s connection 24
6.4 Power supply redundancy 24
7 CMXC Functional View 27
8 CMXII 29
8.1 Applications in Public Networks 30
8.2 Cross-connect Multiplexer CMXII 32
8.3 Cross-connect Multiplexer CMXII-CAS 32
8.4 Cross-connect Multiplexer CMXII-V5 34
9 Exercise 37
10 Solution 39


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1 CMXC application

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The CMXC cross-connect is a compact solution to establish small network nodes at
8kbit/s, 64kbit/s and 2Mbit/s level. It supports up to 48x2-Mbit/s ports and makes it
possible to switch 64kbit/s channels between these ports without blocking.
The CMXC connects communication paths between the following signals:
Max. 240 each with 8 kbit/s in the structure nx8 kbit/s (n = 1, 2 and 4)
Max. 1488 each with 64 kbit/s in the structure nx64 kbit/s (n = 1 to 31) 64-kbit/s
channels can be cross-connected with and without signaling identification (CAS).
Max. 48 each with 2 Mbit/s. The 2Mbit/s signals are available at 32 E1 ports and 4
PCI interfaces (each with 4x 2Mbit/s signals). Unframed 2Mbit/s signals are
switched through transparently. A frame selected from framed 2Mbit/s signals can
also be used as a reference frame for signal processing in the CMXC.

The connections are usually bidirectional, but 2-Mbit/s and 64-kbit/s connections can
also be created unidirectional or as a loop (loopback).


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Fig. 1 CMXC application


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The cross-connect multiplexer offers the following possibilities:
Switching a maximum of 48 framed (with and without CRC4) and unframed
2Mbit/s signals with up to 1488 switchable 64-kbit/s time slots
Group switching of nx64kbit/s time slots by complying with the frame integrity
Bidirectional switching of up to 30 time slots (64 kbit/s) via a subrate matrix to
switch nx8kbit/s channels (n = 1, 2 and 4) by changing the signal delays without
processing the identification
Establishing scheduled jobs and path protection on 2Mbit/s level
Switching for Sa bits 4 to 8 to be used as the clock control bit in ring structures
Providing 4 ECC channels (two synchronous with 64 kbit/s and two asynchronous
with 9.6 kbit/s) for remote control in TMN systems
Creating conference calls for speech signals (30 subscribers in 10 conferences)
with digital conference of the identification
Digital conferences for 64-kbit/s time slots with data signals (max. 10 conferences
with up to 30 subscribers) with digital conference of the identification
Synchronization to one of 7 freely configurable clock sources (2-Mbit/s data line
clocks) or central clock pulse T3
Supervision of the connection quality according to G.821/G.826
Providing the alarm signaling contacts ZA(A), ZA(B)
Software upgrade via the QD2 interface
Restore and backup configuration data
Complying with the requirements ITU-T G.812 and G.796


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For an FMX2R3 application it is advantageous if system module FMX2R3 is operated
together with the CMXC in a ring structure. This includes:
Optimum capacity utilization of the 2-Mbit/s lines in an FMX2R3 ring
2-Mbit/s path protection is retained in a ring structure
Both 2-Mbit/s ports of the CUD unit are available in a ring structure for the
transmission of basic channels
Possibility of optionally cross-connecting 8-kbit/s and 64-kbit/s channels
Suitable structures for network management
Concentration in the CMXC such as four ECC interfaces to integrate the SNUS
shelf and other system components in TMN

Fig. 2 CMXC operation with FMX2R3 in a ring structure


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2 SNUS DCN View

CMXC

Fig. 3


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SUE
FMXII
LT2ME1
SNUS
CMXC
LT2ME1
FMX2S
OMX16
Remote FMX2S over
ECC connectet
SUE external alarms

Fig. 4


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3 System structure

The following units belong to cross-connect multiplexer CMXC:
One or two central CUCs (central unit cross-connect)
The central unit contains the switching matrix via which the communication paths
are connected. A second central unit is connected in parallel for module
redundancy.
Up to two interface PU16 units (port unit with 16x2Mbit/s ports)
The interface unit provides the 2-Mbit/s interfaces. One or two PU16s are
equipped depending on the number of desired interfaces.


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Fig. 5 Block Diagram of CMXC


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4 Interfaces

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4.1 External interfaces
2Mbit/s Interfaces (E1)
16x2Mbit/s interfaces (E1in, E1out) are established for each PU16 unit.
HDB3-coded PCM signals are received and sent at the E1 interfaces. They
correspond to the ITU-T recommendation G.703/6.
The line impedance 75 unsymmetrical or 120 symmetrical can be set individually
for each interface by means of jumpers.

PCI Interfaces
There are four PCI links on the central CUC for external connections to other system
modules of Fastlink (for later applications) via lines not exceeding 15 m.
The PCI interfaces are proprietary, symmetrical interfaces with levels according to
EIA RS422 and terminating resistors 100 serial in the transmit direction and 150
parallel in the receive direction.

T3 Interface
For clock synchronization, a clock signal can be fed via interface T3in and sent via
T3out. The interface is on the CUC and corresponds to the ITU-T recommendation
G.703/10. The input impedance of T3in can either be connected with high-impedance
(1.6 k II < 120 pF) or with low-impedance (120 symmetrical/75 unsymmetrical).
A clock signal is sent at T3out if the cross-connect is synchronized by T3in or E1in of
a 2Mbit/s port. The interface is designed with low-impedance and is disconnected
when switching over to the redundant CUC.

QD2 Slave Interface
The CUC has a QD2 slave interface according to EIA RS485 which forms the TMN
access to the network element CMXC. Because the number of subscribers is not
fixed from the start due to the bus structure and the possibility of different equipping,
the interface is closed with high-impedance on the unit. Depending on the QD2
structure, the bus termination must be suitably fitted on the outside. Care must be
taken that two bus loads are active for redundant equipping of CUC (maximum
possible number is 32).
One QD2 address applies to active and standby CUCs.


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ECC Interfaces
The ECC interfaces transmit control information from higher-level and to remote
system components. The control information is integrated in an ECC channel
(64kbit/s time slot) within a 2Mbit/s signal. The central CUC provides four ECC
interfaces. They conform to ITU-T V.11 and can be accessed via the connector
panel.
Two ECC interfaces are provided as synchronous interfaces (with clock lines) and
two as asynchronous interfaces (without clock lines). The synchronous interfaces are
operated with 64 kbit/s.

Alarm Contacts
The alarm contacts are arranged on central units CUC and are used to signal alarm
modes of the CMXC system module. They are established as floating relay contacts.
Alarm contact ZA(A) optionally signals prompt alarms (A alarm) or service alarms (S
alarms) and the selection is menu-controlled. Alarm contact ZA(B) signals deferred
alarms (B alarm). The software of both CUCs activates these alarms.

CCUR Interface
The symmetrical interface lines CCUR (according to RS485), signal redundancy
operation.
Each CUC signals its active or standby mode via a separate line of the external
equipment so that these can switch over their PCI bus drivers.


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4.2 Internal interfaces
PCI Interfaces
The PCI interfaces transmit useful data between the CUC and units PU16. They also
distribute the clocks of the master clock from the CUC to the peripheral equipment.
A PCI link establishes a point-to-point connection between the CUC and the two
PU16s via two symmetrical two-wire lines (separately in the upstream and
downstream direction) on the rear panel. The external PCI interfaces are established
via wire pairs within a cable screen and can span distances of up to 15 m. Data
signals with symmetrical levels from which the frame and clock information is
retrieved are transmitted via each wire pair.

LSI Interface
The LSI interface is established on PU16 (transmitter) and CUC (receiver). It consists
of 7 symmetrical line pairs and transfers the E1in guide clock from the PU16 to the
CUCs.
An 8th line pair transfers the frame pulse belonging to the E1 guide clock.
Of the two PU16s, only one clock source may be activated per LSI line and the
remaining transmit drivers are connected with high-impedance. The LSI interfaces
are activated via the software according to a clock priority list.

Supervision Bus SVB
Internal communication between units CUC and PU16 takes place via the
supervision bus SVB. This bus is an HDLC interface which works according to the
master-slave principle.
The master (primary station) is the active CUC and the slaves (secondary station) the
PU16 units. The standby CUC does not access the bus and the line drivers are
connected inactively.
Supervision bus SVB is used for the following functions:
Loading the software and configuration data of units PU16 during initialization,
Distributing the SISA messages via the active CUC to the SISA functional units of
units PU16,
Module-internal communication between CUC and PU16 (e.g. control commands
of the CUC to unit PU16 for clock source control).


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CCUR Interface
There are two unsymmetrical connections between the units to signal the operating
mode of both CUCs and the PCI buses and their redundancy switchover. On PU16,
only receivers are connected to the record circuits whereas they are crossed
between the CUC receive and transmit lines. A high level on line CCUR indicates that
the left CUC is active and is connected via the primary PCI bus. In this mode, the
CCURS line is at the low level. When changing levels, a switchover to the redundant
PCI bus and to the redundant central CUC takes place.

CC Interface
The CC interface (cross coupling interface with CC_I and CC_O) connects both
CUCs and synchronizes the standby CUC via the clock master. The clock contains
the frequency reference and the position of the central multiframe synchronization
pulse is impressed via a pulse duration modulation.

CCR Interface
The CCR interface connects both CUCs and synchronizes the PCI frame of the
standby CUC via the active CUC.

STSB Interface
Data is transmitted between the active CUC and the standby CUC via the STSB
interface (status standby control). In this way the two CUCs run quasi-synchronously
and switch over procedures can be released very quickly via the static command line
(CCUR). The STSB interface is a point-to-point connection between the two central
units inserted next to one another.


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5 Channel conferencing modes of the cross-
connectors

A maximum of 30 digital and 30 analog conference channels can be switched in up to
20 mutually independent conferences at the same time. The requirements for analog
and digital conferences differ:
For the analog conference, each conference participant receives the total of all the
other signals. Its individual transmit signal is deactivated. The identifications are
switched digitally for the participants in analog conferences.
For the digital conference, the signals of all the participants are switched with bit-by-
bit OR operation. Its individual transmit signal is retained. For the participants in
digital conferences, the identifications are also switched digitally as for analog
conferences.
Analog conferences Digital conferences
Maximum number of conference participants 30 30
Maximum number of participants per
conference
10 30
Maximum number of parallel conferences 10 10

Fig. 6 Conference requirements


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Any channel of the 2Mbit/s operated in the CMXC can be involved in:
Unidirectional broadcast connection
Bi-directional point to multipoint connection
Full conference connection

TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
Broadcast
Point to
Multipoint
Full
conference
This is
the point
This is
the point

Fig. 7


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6 Additional features

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6.1 8 kbit/s cross-connections
For the realization of cross connections at the 8kbit/s level, subrate channels of 1,2 or
4 bits are converted into a full 64kbit/s with 8bits, cross connected and then
compressed again to their original size. The conversion in the CMXC takes place with
over- and under-sampling.
A maximum of 240 8kbit/s channels can be cross connected in a CMXC.

CMXC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
CC64k

Fig. 8 CMXC 8kbps cross connection


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6.2 Module redundancy
To increase the operating reliability of CMXC, the central CUC is duplicated so that
further functioning of the entire system is guaranteed if the unit fails. Failure of the
active CUC leads to a redundancy switchover if there is another CUC in the CMXC
system module. The software releases redundancy switchover. To this end, the
operability of all the components is supervised on both CUCs (active and standby).
Units PU16 are not equipped redundantly, i.e. there is no protection switching if a
PU16 unit fails. Therefore, the CMXC system module has a fault penetration range of
16 xE1 interfaces.
The PCI buses are duplicated. A switchover to the redundant bus is possible in case
of faults. The central CUCs are connected to separate signal groups (PCIS at
standby unit).
However, the decentralized PU16 units are connected to both the bus systems. They
receive information about which one of the two PCI buses is active, the CCUR and
CCURS signals.
Bus STSB is used as the communication interface for redundancy operation between
the two CUCs. The clock sources for the synchronous clock of CMXC is switched
over to standby according to a priority list.
Both CUCs manage the T3 interface and the QD2 interface. The software ensures
that only the active CUC accesses the specific interface.

Fig. 9 CMXC module redundancy


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6.3 Alternative route switching for a 2 Mbit/s
connection
One alternative route can be configured for each 2-Mbit/s connection which is
switched over to for the alarm criteria below:

LOS, AIS, Local loop, remote loop always
SYN, BER-3 only for framed signals
SYNK, AISK only for framed signals with CAS signaling
BER-5/-6 only for framed signals, if the alarm criterion was
switched on
D-Bit, Dk-Bit, N-Bit, Nk-Bit never

The alternative route must be entered into the user menu.
The alarm criterion BER-5/-6 has a lower priority than the LOS, AIS, SYN, BER-3,
AISK, SYNK, local loop and remote loop alarms. If a high priority alarm occurs at the
one port and a low priory alarm at the other port, the low priority alarm will be used as
the transmission route. Therefore, the alarm criterion should be switched on.

6.4 Power supply redundancy
Units CUC and PU16 are supplied with an input voltage of -48 V (-36 V to -72 V). The
input voltage is fed via a plug in the connector panel of the shelf. For redundancy
operation, a second plug (S) is provided to feed a further -48 V. The active and
standby CUCs are connected to either of the two voltages in each case. The PU16
units are connected to both voltages. The input voltages are fed to the consumers via
EMC filters on the backplane of the shelf.


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Fig. 10 Power supply redundancy


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7 CMXC Functional View

Fig. 11


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Function Group Function Remark
EPP2 Electrical Plesiochronous Port 2 Mbps PU 16
BPX2 Bottom Path Connection 2 Mbps 2Mbps crossconnector
IPMB64/2 Internal Plesiochronous Multiplex
Block 64 bps/2 Mbps
for each EPP2 max. 1
IPMB64/2
BPX64 Bottom Path Connection 64 kbps
ICBA Internal Conference Block Analog
ICBD Internal Conference Block Digital
IIF64 Internal Interface 64 kbps 4x ECC IF on CUC
IPMB8k/64 Internal Plesiochronous Multiplex
Block 8 kbps/64 kbps
limited to 30 TSs
SPBX Bottom Path Connection 8 kbps Crossconnector bit level
SISA0 SISA-0 (Management of the QD2
interface

PET Plesiochronous Equipment Timing up to 8 clock sources
MEL Message Input (digital input group
with 32 Bit)
external alarms on SNU


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8 CMXII

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8.1 Applications in Public Networks
Both traditional and alternative carriers aim to build networks to meet the specific
requirements of business customers. The solution comprises setting up the business
customer's dedicated network with FMX2 and linking this via a freely-selectable
access point to the CMXII/CMXC system in the public network.
As shown in Figure 2 below, FMX2 nodes can be connected to CMXII & CMXC
nodes. The channel-associated signaling of the FMX2 network is processed in the
CMXII in accordance with V5.1 or for concentrated traffic, in accordance with V5.2.
The CMXII can also switch channel-associated signals between its ingresses and
egress ports (which is also possible using the CMXC node). For V5.x operations, the
CMXII converts channel-associated signaling into V5 protocols. The conversion
process involves assigning the incoming channels from the subscribers either to up
to 92 x 2-Mbit/s interfaces in accordance with V5.1 or to up to 32 x 2-Mbit/s interfaces
according to V5.2 in any arrangement.


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Fig. 12


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8.2 Cross-connect Multiplexer CMXII
This can be used as a larger network node and processes either channel-associated
signaling or V5 protocol. In the latter case, the channel-associated signaling of the
multiplexer is converted in the CMXII into V5 protocols

8.3 Cross-connect Multiplexer CMXII-CAS
For routing the services via a larger network node, cross-connect multiplexer
CMXIICAS is used. The non-blocking switching is undertaken at the 64kbit/s level.
The CMXIICAS consists of the following units:
Central unit CCU
CAS unit CASU
Port Unit PU2+
Optional unit PUSISA
Management Control unit MCU
Power supply PSC
The PUSISA is used if remote equipment (up to 128) is to be controlled via 64kbit/s
channels (ECC). The CCU, CASU and PSC can be duplicated if module redundancy
is required.
The cross-connect multiplexer is available in four different capacity stages in one of
the following combinations:
Single shelf (CMXII-LS)
Combination of 2 shelves
CMXII-CS and CMXII-2S
CMXII-LS and CMXII-2S
Combination of 3 shelves
CMXII-CS and 2 x CMXII-2S
This means that its overall capacity can be adapted very variably to the requirements
of the network. Power supply to the CMXII-CAS is -48 V/-60 V.


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Fig. 13
Port Unit PU2+ possesses 4 x 2Mbit/s interfaces. If the shelves are fully equipped,
the switching capacities are as shown in the table below:

8.3.1 Operating Modes
Connection types
- 64kbit/s
- 2Mbit/s as per ITU-T G.703, transparent
- 2Mbit/s structured as per ITU-T G.704
- Leased lines n x 64kbit/s
Connections either bidirectional, unidirectional, or also broadcast
Cross connection of channel-associated signaling (CAS)
Path protection at 2Mbit/s level

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8.3.2 5.8.2 Interfaces
Clock interfaces T3in and T3out for external synchronization
QD2 interface for connection to a management system
F interface for local management access (with LCT)
Alarm interface as floating relay contacts
2Mbit/s as per ITU-T G.703

8.4 Cross-connect Multiplexer CMXII-V5
As a gateway for POTS and ISDN services between the dedicated network and the
public network, the cross-connect multiplexer CMXII-V5 converts channel-associated
signaling (CAS) either into V5.1 or into V5.2 switching protocols. Through
connections of leased lines or of CAS are also possible.

The CMXII-V5 consists of the following units:
Central unit CCU
Frame Relay unit V52FR
Port Unit PUCAS and/or PU2+
Optional unit PUSISA
Management Control unit MCU
Power supply PSC
The CCU, V52FR and PSC can be duplicated if module redundancy is required. The
CAS-V5 conversion is implemented with the PUCAS for the following subscriber
types of the FMX:
POTS (SUB102)
ISDN-BA (I8S0P/IUL82/IUL84)

In parallel, with the PU2+ on the subscriber side, 2Mbit/s signals with V5.1 protocol
can be switched or also concentrated in accordance with V5.2. In addition and using
internal signaling protocol V5C, a concentration of the subscribers can be
undertaken. Simultaneous operation of V5.1 and V5.2 in the direction of the
exchange is not possible. The same shelf capacity stages are available as for the
CMXII-CAS, but with concentration with V5.2 on the exchange side higher numbers
of subscribers are possible. The power supply of the CMXII-V5 is -48 V/-60 V.


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Fig. 14

8.4.1 Interfaces
2Mbit/s acc. to ITU-T G.703
T3in, QD2, F interface and alarm contacts see CMXII-CAS
PUCAS and PU2+ each possess 4 x 2Mbit/s interfaces. If the shelves are fully
equipped on the subscriber side with PUCAS and on the network side with PU2+, the
resulting switching capacities are per the table below:

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9 Exercise

1. What modules belong to CMXC Network Element?

2. Which shelves can equip the CMXC Network Element?

3. How many 2Mbps interfaces can be provided by 2xPU16 cards?

4. What are the different conference modes in CMXC?

5. What redundancy features are provided by CMXC?

6. In SNU Shelf, which ports of PU16 are shared with PDH or SDH transports?


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10 Solution

1. What modules belong to CMXC Network Element?
Cross Connection Unit (CUC)
Port Unit (PU16)

2. Which shelves can equip the CMXC Network Element?
SNU Shelf

3. How many 2Mbps interfaces can be provided by 2xPU16 cards?
32 x 2Mbps Interfaces (16 ports each PU16)

4. What are the different conference modes in CMXC?
Full Conference
Bidirectional Point to Multipoint
Unidirectional Broadcast

5. What redundancy features are provided by CMXC?
CUC Module Redundancy
Power Supply Redundancy
2Mbps Route Redundancy

6. In SNU Shelf, which ports of PU16 are shared with PDH or SDH transports?
PU16 port number 9 to 16


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