Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
ran, Tehran,
2536/1977, p. 215.
16. This usage begins before the rise of Abul Khayr Khan, who formed the confed-
eration later known as Uzbek. It is used, for instance, in the Zubdat al-tawarkh of H
.
a z
.
-
i Abru , written at Shahrukhs court in the 1420s, to refer to the followers of Edigey. (H
.
a z
.
-i
Abru , Zubdat, vol. I, pp. 387, 394, 422.
17. Rene Grousset, The Empire of the Steppes: a History of Central Asia, trans., Naomi
Walford, New Brunswick, 1970, pp. 47980, T. I. Sultanov, Osnovnye voprosy istorii kaza-
khskogo naroda v xv-xvii vv. po persidsko-tadzhikskim i tiurkskim istochnikam,
aftoreferat, Leningrad, 1971. The brief account given in the Tarikh-i Rashidi suggests
pressure from Abul Khayr against potential rivals (Dughlat 1996, text, pp. 2267, trans.,
p. 176).
18. It does not appear that the followers of either Abul Khayr Khan or Muhammad
Shaybani used the name Uzbek for themselves. The name was used liberally by their neigh-
bours. At the time of Muhammad Shaybanis conquest at the turn of the 1516th centuries,
Timurid and Moghul observers characterized Muhammad Shaybanis steppe followers as
Uzbek, and distinguished them sharply from Moghuls, Chaghatays and Kazakhs. In this
usage, the followers who came with Muhammad Shaybani from the northern steppes are
distinguished from those he acquired on the borders of Transoxiana where he spent some
time under Moghul protection. At a later date, in the late seventeenth century, it appears
that the Turco-Mongolian population of the Uzbek khanates did use the name Uzbek for
the tribal population, though not for the dynasty. (R. McChesney, Waqf in Central Asia,
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1991, pp. 4950.)
19. Dughlat 1997, text p. 229, trans. p. 178.
20. See for example: Reinhard Eisener, Auf den Spuren des tadschikischen Nationalis-
mus, Berlin: Das Arabishche Buch, Occasional Papers, #30, for expressions of this
sentiment during perestroika, and for a fuller exposition at the time of the breakup of the
USSR, Rakhim Masov, Istoriia topornogo razdeleniia, Dushanbe: Irfon 1991.
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