This course introduces advanced concepts in biblical Greek including verbal aspect, discourse features, and lexicography. Students will analyze Greek texts and write a paper on verbal aspect and a linguistic commentary paper. The course is taught by Dr. Roy Ciampa and meets at least four times over the semester. Required texts cover verbal aspect, discourse features, the history of Greek lexicography, and discourse grammar. Topics include verbal aspect and tense, textual presentation, word formation, sentence structures, modalities, and discourse features.
This course introduces advanced concepts in biblical Greek including verbal aspect, discourse features, and lexicography. Students will analyze Greek texts and write a paper on verbal aspect and a linguistic commentary paper. The course is taught by Dr. Roy Ciampa and meets at least four times over the semester. Required texts cover verbal aspect, discourse features, the history of Greek lexicography, and discourse grammar. Topics include verbal aspect and tense, textual presentation, word formation, sentence structures, modalities, and discourse features.
This course introduces advanced concepts in biblical Greek including verbal aspect, discourse features, and lexicography. Students will analyze Greek texts and write a paper on verbal aspect and a linguistic commentary paper. The course is taught by Dr. Roy Ciampa and meets at least four times over the semester. Required texts cover verbal aspect, discourse features, the history of Greek lexicography, and discourse grammar. Topics include verbal aspect and tense, textual presentation, word formation, sentence structures, modalities, and discourse features.
Directed Study Any Term Instructor: Dr. Roy E. Ciampa
Office hours: http://www.viceregency.com/OfficeHours.htm If the posted hours are not convenient for you please call for an appointment. Office: AC144 Email: RCiampa@gordonconwell.edu
COURSE DESCRIPTION This course introduces a select set of advanced concepts in biblical Greek, including consideration of diachronic and synchronic approaches to Greek grammar (the importance of understanding the language at any given time in terms of both historical developments in the history of its use and the systematic relationships between parts of the language system and its usage at that given time), the history of Greek lexicography, discourse features, lexical and verbal aspect and their relationship to questions of tense (and temporal significance) and Aktionsart (the expression of a particular type of event structure) Special attention will be given to the application of these concepts to the interpretation of New Testament texts. (Note that the history of the Greek language, questions of phonology, morphology, poetry, and textual transmission are among issues that will not normally be covered in this course.) This Th.M.-level course is open to M.Div. and M.A. students willing to do Th.M. level work. Prerequisites for this course include a year of basic Greek, NT502 and either Intermediate Greek or at least one course in New Testament exegesis or Greek readings.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Having completed this course:
1. The student will demonstrate an understanding of debates regarding verbal aspect in NT (and Hellenistic) Greek and will have formulated their own initial conclusions on various facets of the subject and understand their implications for the interpretation of NT texts (Mission statements 1 & 2). 2. The student will demonstrate an understanding of and ability to evaluate recent proposals regarding discourse features of NT Greek in the light of their study of NT texts (Mission statements 1 & 2). 3. The student will demonstrate understanding of the history of NT lexicography and the ability to assess lexicographical work and to carry out such work according to the highest standards yet achieved (Mission statements 1 & 2). 4. The student will have developed a greater sensitivity to more subtle features of NT Greek and their contributions to the communication of biblical texts (Mission statements 1 & 2). 5. The student will have gained an overview of the subject area and enjoyed the opportunity to explore more advanced concepts in the study of biblical Greek (Mission statements 1 & 2).
GL960 - Biblical Greek: Advanced Concepts / 2 REQUIRED TEXTS Campbell, Constantine R. Basics of Verbal Aspect in Biblical Greek. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2008. ISBN-13: 978-0310290834 Lee, John A. L. A History of New Testament Lexicography. Studies in biblical Greek, 8. New York: P. Lang, 2003. ISBN-13: 978-0820434803 Levinsohn, Stephen H. Discourse Features of New Testament Greek A Coursebook on the Information Structure of New Testament Greek. Dallas, TX: SIL International, 2000. ISBN-13: 978-1556710933 Runge, Steven. Discourse Grammar of the Greek New Testament: A Practical Introduction to Discourse Features for Teaching and Exegesis. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2010 (also: Bellingham, Wash.: Logos Research Systems, 2009). ISBN-13: 978-1598565836 See other required readings in the course outline below.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS Caragounis, Chrys C. The Development of Greek and the New Testament Morphology, Syntax, Phonology, and Textual Transmission. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic, 2006. [Note: See also the review by Silva in WTJ] ISBN-13: 978- 0801032301 Fanning, Buist M. Verbal Aspect in New Testament Greek. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990. ISBN 9780198267294 Porter, Stanley E. Idioms of the Greek New Testament. Biblical Languages: Greek 2. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1992. ISBN-13: 978-1850753797 Porter, Stanley E. Verbal Aspect in the Greek of the New Testament, with Reference to Tense and Mood. Studies in Biblical Greek, 1. New York: Peter Lang, 1989. ISBN 978-0820424231.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS 1. Meetings and Participation: The student(s) will meet with the professor at least four times over the course of the semester to discuss the readings and any questions about the work. At least 48 hours before the scheduled meeting the student(s) should send the professor an email with an indication of the questions or topics they would like to discuss. Students should be prepared to translate assigned texts and discuss the application of the relevant concepts to those texts. 2. Verbal Aspect paper: Each student will write a brief (1,250 word) original research paper in which they study the use of a particular NT verb in ancient Greek (within or up to the Hellenistic period) and seek to explain patterns in the uses of tenses/aspects. Explanation will be given during supervision periods regarding the types of verbs that might be studied and how the study should proceed. 3. Linguistic Commentary Paper: Each student will write a paper on a passage in which they comment on discourse features, questions of lexical and verbal aspect and related issues (e.g., how temporal features are communicated), issues of lexicography, all in the GL960 - Biblical Greek: Advanced Concepts / 3 light of the required readings, course lectures and discussions. The paper should be between 15 and 20 pages, double-spaced (except for footnotes), with one-inch margins and size 12 Times New Roman (or equivalent) font. 4. Reading Report: A final reading report, indicating how much of the required reading was completed (detailing pages of each assignment) and the total percentage of completed required reading must be submitted by the deadline for the submission of written work. COURSE EVALUATION
Inductive Study The final paper must demonstrate the use of the tools/steps/methods taught in NT502 and in this course. A paper that primarily reflects a selection of insights from commentaries or other secondary sources will not be acceptable.
Plagiarism All use of sources must be properly indicated. Read the document on plagiarism carefully and remember that use of authors words is indicated with quotation marks and a footnote and use of their ideas, but not their words, is indicated with a footnote.
COURSE OUTLINE/PROPOSED SCHEDULE (subject to change at professors discretion)
Topics Readings, Assignments Questions of Lexical and Verbal Aspect Tools for the study of verbal aspect (including TLG and its grammatical tools, the LXX and ancient versions) Aspect and constraints
1 Cor. 7:10-11, 20-21; 11:6; 15:33-34 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics Essays by Porter, Fanning and Silva in Porter and Carson, eds., Biblical Greek Language and Linguistics: Open Questions in Current Research. Caragounis, Chrys C. The Development of Greek and the New Testament Morphology, Syntax, Phonology, and Textual Transmission, pages 316-36 The review of Caragounis by Silva in WTJ (posted online). GL960 - Biblical Greek: Advanced Concepts / 4 Verbal aspect, continued (including the question of temporal reference) Luke 22:63-65; 23:20-21; John 9:8-9; Acts 7:26-28; 16:16- 18; 26:11; 28:23-24; 1 Thess. 3:4; Campbell, Basics of Verbal Aspect in Biblical Greek Rothstein, Structuring Events: A Study in the Semantics of Lexical Aspect, pp. 24-28 (posted online). Steven E. Runge, Contrastive Substitution and the Greek Verb: Reassessing Porters Argument. Ciampas notes on verbal aspect and on ancient Greek references to the temporal features of verbs. Recommended: Rijksbaron, The Syntax and Semantics of the Verb in Classical Greek, 1-48. On textual presentation and meaning (differences between our GNT and that of the original readers) Word formation Sentence structures as traditionally analyzed Diglossia and Register Modalities Voice, deponency and topical focus Emphatic pronouns Luke 1:1-4; Heb. 1:1-4; Eph. 1:3-6 BDF pages 5569, 23956 (102126, 458484) scan for main points (not detailed discussion) Conrad, New Observations on Voice in the Ancient Greek Verb; Pennington, Jonathan T. Deponency in Koine Greek: The Grammatical Question and the Lexicographical Dilemma; Pennington, Is Deponency a Valid Category for Koine Greek? Ciampas PowerPoint handout with excerpts from Allan, Rutger J. The Middle Voice in Ancient Greek: A Study in Polysemy. Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 2003. The whole volume is highly recommended. The original dissertation may be downloaded for free here: http://dare.uva.nl/en/record/108528. Discourse Grammar: Foundations (including conjunctions and asyndeton) Luke 24:13-21 Runge, Discourse Grammar of the Greek New Testament, pages, 1-57. Levinsohn, Discourse Features of New Testament Greek, pages 69-131. Discourse Grammar: Forward- Pointing Devices (Part 1)
Gal. 1:6-12; Heb. 9:1-11; Acts 2:41-42 Runge, Discourse Grammar of the Greek New Testament, pages, 59-124. Levinsohn, Discourse Features of New Testament Greek, pages 169-213. Discourse Grammar: Forward- Pointing Devices (Part 2) Mark 14:26-37 Runge, Discourse Grammar of the Greek New Testament, pages, 125-77. GL960 - Biblical Greek: Advanced Concepts / 5 Discourse Grammar: Information Structuring Devices (Part 1) Gal 5:12-14; Rom 5:1-11 Runge, Discourse Grammar of the Greek New Testament, pages, 179-242. Levinsohn, Discourse Features of New Testament Greek, pages 1-67, 133-67. Discourse Grammar: Information Structuring Devices (Part 2) Matt 28:16-20; Rom. 12:9-13 Runge, Discourse Grammar of the Greek New Testament, pages, 243-313. Levinsohn, Discourse Features of New Testament Greek, pages 215-84.
Discourse Grammar: Thematic Highlighting Devices and Summary Gal. 1:1-5; Rom. 1:1-7 Runge, Discourse Grammar of the Greek New Testament, pages, 315-91. Levinsohn, Discourse Features of New Testament Greek, pages 169-213 Past, Present and Future of Greek Lexicography Acts 17:10-15 Lee, A History of New Testament Lexicography. Ciampa, Examined the Scriptures? The Meaning of in Acts 17:11, Journal of Biblical Literature 130, no. 3 (2011): pages 513528. Green, Lexical Pragmatics and the Lexicon, Bulletin for Biblical Research 22 (2012): 315-33. Recommended: Mueller, The Semantics of Biblical Hebrew: Some Remarks from a Cognitive Perspective All written work (research paper, text comparison sheets, reading report) due on the last day to submit written work (including any earlier date indicated by the registration office for students graduating at the end of the semester.
Select Bibliography History of the Greek Language Caragounis, Chrys C. The Development of Greek and the New Testament Morphology, Syntax, Phonology, and Textual Transmission. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic, 2006. [Note: See also the review by Silva in WTJ] Christides, A.-F. ed. A History of Ancient Greek from the Beginnings to Late Antiquity. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2007. Horrocks, Geoffrey C. Greek: A History of the Language and Its Speakers. Longman Linguistics library. London: Longman, 1997. GL960 - Biblical Greek: Advanced Concepts / 6 Discourse Analysis Black, David Alan, et al, eds. Linguistics and New Testament Interpretation: Essays on Discourse Analysis. Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman, 1992. Carson, D. A., and Stanley E. Porter. Discourse Analysis and Other Topics in Biblical Greek. Journal for the Study of the New Testament, 113. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1995. Levinsohn, Stephen H. Discourse Features of New Testament Greek A Coursebook on the Information Structure of New Testament Greek. Dallas, TX: SIL International, 2000. Runge, Steven E. Discourse Grammar of the Greek New Testament: A Practical Introduction to Discourse Features for Teaching and Exegesis. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2010 (also: Bellingham, Wash.: Logos Research Systems, 2009). Runge, Steven E., ed. Discourse Studies & Biblical Interpretation: A Festschrift in Honor of Stephen H. Levinsohn. Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2011. Westfall, Cynthia Long. A Discourse Analysis of the Letter to the Hebrews: The Relationship between Form and Meaning. London: Continuum, 2006. Verbal Aspect Brook, Matt. Authorial Choice and Verbal Aspect in the NT: An Investigation Using Corpus Linguistics to Identify Patterns of Aspectual Usage Linked with Lexis, Syntax and Context. 2 vols. M.Div. thesis, Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, May 1997. Campbell, Constantine R. Basics of Verbal Aspect in Biblical Greek. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2008. [160 pages?] [I highly recommend Susan Rothstein, Structuring Events: A Study in the Semantics of Lexical Aspect (Explorations in Semantics; Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2004 [197 pages, esp. pp. 25-28]) for more detailed discussion of lexical aspect and its relationship to Aktionsart.] Campbell, Constantine R. Verbal Aspect and Non-Indicative Verbs: Further Soundings in the Greek of the New Testament. Studies in Biblical Greek, v. 15. New York: Peter Lang, 2008. Campbell, Constantine R. Verbal Aspect, the Indicative Mood, and Narrative: Soundings in the Greek of the New Testament. Studies in Biblical Greek, v. 13. New York: Peter Lang, 2007. Caragounis, Chrys C. The Development of Greek and the New Testament Morphology, Syntax, Phonology, and Textual Transmission. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic, 2006. [Note: See also the reviews by Silva in WTJ and by Fanning in BBR.] Decker, Rodney J. Temporal Deixis of the Greek Verb in the Gospel of Mark with Reference to Verbal Aspect. Studies in Biblical Greek, vol. 10. New York: Peter Lang, 2001. Fanning, Buist M. Verbal Aspect in New Testament Greek. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990. GL960 - Biblical Greek: Advanced Concepts / 7 Hovav, Malka Rappaport, Edit Doron and Ivy Sichel, eds. Lexical Semantics, Syntax, and Event Structure. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. Mathewson, David. Verbal Aspect in the Apocalypse of John: An Analysis of Revelation 5, Novum Testamentum 50 (2008), 58-77. Mathewson, David. Verbal Aspect in the Book of Revelation: The Function of Greek Verb Tenses in John's Apocalypse. Leiden: Brill, 2010. McKay, K. L. A New Syntax of the Verb in New Testament Greek: An Aspectual Approach. Studies in Biblical Greek, vol. 5. New York: Peter Lang, 1994. Olsen, Mari Broman. A Semantic and Pragmatic Model of Lexical and Grammatical Aspect. New York: Garland, 1997. Porter, Stanley E. Verbal Aspect in the Greek of the New Testament, with Reference to Tense and Mood. Studies in Biblical Greek, 1. New York: Peter Lang, 1989. Porter, Stanley E., and D. A. Carson, eds. Biblical Greek Language and Linguistics: Open Questions in Current Research. JSNTSS 80. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993. Rothstein, Susan Deborah. Structuring Events: A Study in the Semantics of Lexical Aspect. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2004. Greek (and some Hebrew) Lexicography Bauer, Walter. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. Third edition. Revised and edited by Frederick William Danker. Based on Walter Bauers Griechisch-deutsches Wrterbuch zu den Schriften des Neuen Testaments und der frhchristlichen Literatur, sixth edition, ed. Kurt Aland and Barbara Aland, with Viktor Reichmann and on previous English editions by W. F. Arndt, F. W. Gingrich, and F. W. Danker. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. [BDAG] Chamberlain, Gary Alan. The Greek of the Septuagint: A Supplemental Lexicon. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2011. Ciampa, Roy E. Examined the Scriptures? The Meaning of in Acts 17:11, Journal of Biblical Literature 130, no. 3 (2011): pp. 513528. Ciampa, Roy E. Revisiting the Euphemism in 1 Corinthians 7:1, Journal for the Study of the New Testament 31.3 (2009); pp. 325-338. Green, Gene L. Lexical Pragmatics and the Lexicon, Bulletin for Biblical Research 22 (2012): 315-33. Hasselbrook, David S. Studies in New Testament Lexicography. WUNT 2.303. Tbingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2011. Lee, John A. L. A History of New Testament Lexicography. Studies in biblical Greek, 8. New York: P. Lang, 2003. Mueller, Enio R. Semantics of Biblical Hebrew: Some Remarks from a Cognitive Perspective (http://www.sdbh.org/documentation/EnioRMueller_SemanticsBiblicalHebrew.pdf). Silva, Moiss. Biblical Words and Their Meaning: An Introduction to Lexical Semantics. Grand Rapids, Mich: Zondervan, 1995. GL960 - Biblical Greek: Advanced Concepts / 8 Taylor, Bernard, John A. L. Lee, R. Burton Peter and Richard E. Whitaker, eds. Biblical Greek Language and Lexicography. Grand Rapids, Mich: Eerdmans, 2004. van der Merwe, Christo H. J. Lexical Meaning in Biblical Hebrew and Cognitive Semantics: A Case Study, Biblica 87/2 (2006): 85-89. Greek Grammars Blass, F., Debrunner, A., and R. Funk. A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962. Burton, Ernest DeWitt. Syntax of the Moods and Tenses in New Testament Greek. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1898. Funk, Robert W. A Beginning-Intermediate Grammar of Hellenistic Greek, 3 vols. Missoula: Scholars Press, 1973. Moule, C. F. D. An Idiom Book of New Testament Greek. 2nd ed. Cambridge: at the University Press, 1959. Moulton, James Hope, W. F. Howard, and Nigel Turner. A Grammar of New Testament Greek. 4 vols. Edinburgh: T. and T. Clark, 1908, 1929, 1963, 1976. Porter, Stanley E. Idioms of the Greek New Testament. Biblical Languages: Greek 2. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1992. Robertson, A. T. A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research. Nashville: Broadman Press, 1914. Siebenthal, Heinrich von. Griechische Grammatik zum Neuen Testament. Neubearbeitung und Erweiterung der Grammatik Hoffmann / von Siebenthal. Gieen: Brunnen, 2011. Smyth, Herbert Weir. Greek Grammar [1910]. Revised by Gordon M. Messing. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1956. Wallace, Daniel B. Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996. Young, Richard A. Intermediate New Testament Greek: A Linguistic and Exegetical Approach. Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 1994. Zerwick, Maximilian. Biblical Greek: Illustrated by Examples. Translated and adapted by Joseph Smith. Rome: Scripta Pontificii Instituti Biblici, 1963. Deponency in NT Greek Conrad, Carl W. New Observations on Voice in the Ancient Greek Verb November 19, 2002 (http://www.artsci.wustl.edu/~cwconrad/docs/NewObsAncGrkVc.pdf). Pennington, Jonathan T. Deponency in Koine Greek: The Grammatical Question and the Lexicographical Dilemma, Trinity Journal 24 (2003): 55-76. GL960 - Biblical Greek: Advanced Concepts / 9 Pennington, Jonathan T. Is Deponency a Valid Category for Koine Greek? SBL 2003 (http://jonathanpennington.com/wp-content/uploads/Pennington_Middle_Voice.pdf). Pennington, Jonathan T. Setting Aside Deponency and Rediscovering the Middle Voice for New Testament Studies, in Stanley Porter and Matthew Brook ODonnell (eds.), Studying the Greek New Testament: Papers from the SBL Greek Language and Linguistics Section. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2009. Cognitive Linguistics Geary, James. I Is an Other The Secret Life of Metaphor and How It Shapes the Way We See the World. New York: HarperCollins, 2011. (popular introduction) Geeraerts, Dirk, and H. Cuyckens, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. (academic introduction) GL960 - Biblical Greek: Advanced Concepts / 10 General Bibliography Arzt-Grabner, Peter, et al. 1. Korinther. Papyrologische Kommentare zum Neuen Testament 2. Gttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2006. Black, David Alan. Linguistics for Students of New Testament Greek: A Survey of Basic Concepts and Applications. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker, 2002. Black, Stephanie L. Sentence Conjunction in the Gospel of Matthew: , , , , and Asyndeton in Narrative Discourse. London: Sheffield Academic, 2002. Danove, Paul L. Grammatical and Exegetical Study of New Testament Verbs of Transference A Case Frame Guide to Interpretation and Translation. London: T & T Clark, 2009. Evans, T. V. Verbal Syntax in the Greek Pentateuch: Natural Greek Usage and Hebrew Interference. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. ernnde, Juan. Scribal Habits and Theological Influences in the Apocalypse: The Singular Readings of Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, and Ephraemi. Tbingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2006. Kwong, Ivan Shing Chung. The Word Order of the Gospel of Luke Its Foreground Messages. London: T & T Clark, 2005 Martn-Asensio, Gustavo. Transitivity-Based Foregrounding in the Acts of the Apostles: A Functional-Grammatical Approach to the Lukan Perspective. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2000. Porter, Stanley E., ed. Diglossia and Other Topics in New Testament Linguistics. Sheffield, Eng: Sheffield Academic Press, 2000. Porter, Stanley E., and D. A. Carson, eds. Biblical Greek Language and Linguistics: Open Questions in Current Research. Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplement Series, 80. Sheffield, England: JSOT Press, 1993. Porter, Stanley E., and D. A. Carson, eds. Linguistics and the New Testament: Critical Junctures. Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, 1999. Porter, Stanley E., and Matthew Brook O'Donnell, eds. The Linguist As Pedagogue: Trends in the Teaching and Linguistic Analysis of the Greek New Testament. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2009. Rijksbaron, Albert. The Syntax and Semantics of the Verb in Classical Greek: An Introduction. 3 rd edition. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press, 2002. Royse, James Ronald. Scribal Habits in Early Greek New Testament Papyri. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2010. Sailhamer, John. The Translational Technique of the Greek Septuagint for the Hebrew Verbs and Participles in Psalms 3-41. Studies in Biblical Greek, vol. 2. New York: Peter Lang, 1991. Silva, Moiss. Interpreting Galatians: Explorations in Exegetical Method. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2001.
See also: http://www.greek-language.com/Palmer-bibiography.html
(Studies in Biblical Greek 15) Constantine R. Campbell - Verbal Aspect and Non-Indicative Verbs - Further Soundings in The Greek of The New Testament-Peter Lang Publishing (2008)