International Law Study Plan

International Law
Study Plan

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Muhammad Faisal ul Islam Advocate

International Law Study Plan for CSS2014
Compiled by: Muhammad Faisal ul Islam Advocate Cell: 03336587420 Page 1
Introduction to
International Law

Definitions of International Law
2010 Give such a definition of International Law which could cover all the modern
trends in it?
2008 John Austin says International Law is not a real Law, but a positive
International Morality. Do you agree with him? Give arguments in support of your
answer.

2007 "In the absence of any form of international legislature of democratic states,
international law was said to be based upon the consent of the states upon their
individual acceptance of its principles and rules." Discuss.

2005 Define International Law. Do you agree with John Austins concept
International Law is not a true law, but a positive international morality? Elaborate
your answer with appropriate arguments.

Nature Basis and Object of International Law
2011 "As the basis of the Law of Nations is the common consent of the member
states of the Family of Nations, it is evident there must exist as many sources of
international law as there are facts through which such common consent can possibly
come into existence." (Oppenheim). Discuss
2009 How far do you think that International Law is based on common consent of
States? Evaluate importance of customary law and treaty law as binding in this
regard.

2001 Explain in detail the object, purpose and basis of international law.

Historical Development of International Law
2013 International law is a product of centuries - elaborate the statement in view
of the scientific development and codification of the law.

Sources of International Law
2013 While customs form the major part of International Law it is conventions
that make it more authentic and applicable. Discuss.

2005 What are the sources of International Law? Discuss any two of them in
detail.

Subjects of International Law
2013 - States continue to be the principal subjects of international legal relations but
non-state entities too exert a great deal of influence on the legal system. Examine the
statement with reference to rights and duties of international organizations under
law.
2011 - "International Law is primarily concerned with the rights, duties and interests
of states." Examine this statement with reference to the place of individuals and non-
state entities is International Law.
2010 What is meant by 'Subjects of International Law'? Justify Individuals as the
Subjects of International Law by giving appropriate examples.

2009 Define International personality and discuss various entities as
International Legal person.

2008 Briefly and precisely define SUBJECTS International Law. Do you agree that
INDIVIDUALS can be considered as subjects of International Law? Give appropriate
Examples in this regard.

2006 International Law is a Law regulating the rights and duties of states and
creating no rights and imposing no duties on individuals. Do you agree with this
statement? Why or why not? Argue.

2005 What does Subjects of international law mean? Discuss individuals as
subjects of International Law. Elaborate your answer with the appropriate examples.

Relationship Between International And Municipal Law
2000 Explain the rules which govern the application of International Law by
Municipal Courts. Give your answer in the light of the court practice with special
reference to the British and American Courts.

AREAS OF FOCUS:
Various definitions of International Law covering all modern trends.
Nature, Object and Purpose of international law.
International Law is not a real Law; International Law is positive International
Morality (John Austin). Discuss.
Basis of International Law
Positive School International Law is based on common consent of
States
Historical Development of International Law International Law is
product of centuries
Sources of International law.
Subjects of International Law (Rights and Duties of Subjects)
States as Primary Subjects of International Law
Individuals as Subjects of International Law
Organizations and Non-state entities as subjects of International Law
Relationship Between International And Municipal Law and Court Practice of
International Law

Law of Peace
(States, Territory, Sovereignty, Recognition, Succession, Jurisdiction,
Nationality Extradition, Asylum Diplomatic Agents and Treaties)

Territory

2009 Territory is undoubtedly the basic character of a state as well as widely
accepted elaborate with reference to exclusive rights of states on Land and Air
territory.

Sovereignty
2012 Lord Curzon once said, Frontiers are indeed the razors edge on which hang
suspended the modern issues of war or peace, of life or death to nations. Explain in
this light the various modes of acquisition of territory by a state.
2010 Discuss various modes of Acquisition of Territorial Sovereignty by the states
acknowledged in International Law.
2004 Fully explain the duties of a Sovereign State with special reference to:
1. Not to interfere in the domestic affairs of another state
2. To refrain from use of threat of use force against another state

Recognition
2013 - Define Recognition and explain its kinds. Also point out the difference
between recognition of states and governments.
2012 - Non-recognition of a government can be amounted to denying the
recognition of the state itself as it is the governments that do international business
on behalf of the states. Argue in affirmative this statement with particular reference
to Constitutive Theory of Recognition.
2011 - "The Subject of Recognition is one of the most difficult branches of
international law, not merely from the points of view of exposition of principles, but
also intrinsically by reason of many difficulties which arise in practice." Discuss
2010 Define Recognition. Differentiate between Defacto and Dejure Recognition.

2008 Discuss Recognition. Differentiate between de-jure and de-facto recognition.
What are the disabilities of an unrecognized state?

2007 "What is meant by RECOGNITION of STATES as a member of FAMILY of
NATIONS? State the different modes of such recognition.
2006 What is the duty of other states in case of internal revolt in an independent
state? Can they help the rebels? Under what circumstances recognition may be
accorded to the rebels?
2003 Describe the legal nature of recognition of states, with particular reference to
difference between defacto and Dejure recognition.

2003 Short Notes: De facto recognition

2000 What do you understand by 'Recognition of States' and 'Recognition of
Governments? Explain fully the distinction between Recognition Dejure and
Recognition Defacto.

Jurisdiction

2009 Define State jurisdiction and explain how domestic jurisdiction can be
limited by and reduced by principles of International Law?

2003 Discuss the term State jurisdiction with reference to
1. Maritime belt
2. Port
3. Foreigners
4. Floating island

Nationality
2003, 2012 - Short Notes: Double nationality
2002, 2007 Explain the various modes of acquiring and losing NATIONALITY.
What is DOUBLE NATIONALITY and STATELESSNESS?

2001 - Define nationality. What are neutral and neutralized states?
2000 - Short Notes: Nationality

Extradition
2003, 2007, 2012 Short Notes: Extradition
2008 - Give precise definition of Extradition. Write a comprehensive essay on
extradition by covering all its aspects.
2005 - Discuss the concept of extradition. Explain main principles of extradition.
Discuss also the crimes exempted from extradition.

Asylum
2008 Differentiate between Territorial and Extra-Territorial Asylum. Under which
circumstances an Embassy or Consulate can offer asylum to a fugitive/offender of the
territorial State?

Diplomacy and Diplomatic Agents

2011 Define Diplomatic Envoy. Give a short account of the functions, privileges
and immunities of the diplomatic envoys accredited to other states.

2009 Describe Importance of diplomacy in interstate relations and discuss the
concept of diplomacy and immunity?

2006 - A Pakistani citizen working in the embassy of a foreign country in Islamabad,
has committed an offence against another Pakistani citizen. The Pakistani police
want to arrest such person. However, the ambassador is refusing to handover the
accused to the police with the plea that the accused has a diplomatic immunity. Do
you agree with the pleas of the ambassador? Why or why not?

2003 State the various kinds and classes of diplomatic agents and mention their
Privileges and Immunities

2002 State immunity has become a mere fiction which the law can do without.
The principle is gradually withering away, a process already under way and
constantly gaining momentum. Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your
answer.

Treaties
2012 What are the various kinds of treaties in international law? Explain the laws
about formation, interpretation and termination of treaties.
2009 How far do you think that International Law is based on common consent of
States? Evaluate importance of customary law and treaty law as binding in this
regard
2002, 2007 Coercion against a state renders a Treaty invalid. Discuss main
features of the principles. Also elaborate TWO other methods of rendering invalid the
consent of a State to be bound by a treaty.
2003, 2007 State and discuss in brief the various steps mentioned by Starke in
the creation of legal obligation by a treaty.

2000 Define a Treaty. State how are they concluded and terminated?- Explain it
in the light of Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969.
2002 What do you understand by international institutions? Discuss their status
and functions as subject of international law.
2002 Short Note: Pacta Sunt Servanda
2001 Discuss Kashmir dispute in the light of
Right of self determination
UN Security Council resolution
Non-interference in internal affairs
legal status of election in Kashmir
Simla agreement

AREAS OF FOCUS:
Modes of Acquisition of Territorial Sovereignty and Duties of a Sovereign
State
Rights and Duties of a sovereign state
Recognition and its types and difference between Defacto and Dejure.
Jurisdiction and limitations
Nationality, Double Nationality and Statelessness
Extradition, Principles of extradition, Crimes exempted from extradition.
Asylum, Types and Conditions for Asylum
Diplomatic Agents, Importance of diplomatic relations, Classes of diplomatic
agents and their Privileges and Immunities
Treaties
Pacta Sunt Servanda
Kashmir Dispute Legal status, history, conventions, solutions.

LAW OF SEA
2013 - Why is the third UN convention on the law of sea (UNCLOS-III) considered a
vast diplomatic and legal undertaking and what has made it different to the earlier
efforts on the subject?
2012, 2005 - Short Notes: Continental Shelf
2002 - Short Notes: Territorial waters
2001 - Write short notes on any three of the following in the light of convention on
the law of sea 1982 and our maritime zone act of 1976. You must discuss the nature of
jurisdiction, right and duties.
Internal Water
Continental Shelf
Territorial Waters
Land locked State
EEZ
High Seas
2008 Define High Seas. Explain the concept of Freedom of High Seas along-with
restrictions over it.
2006 Discuss the extent to which a state can claim jurisdiction over the high seas
in war and peace. Is an appropriation by a state of the underwater soil allowed in
International Law?
2000 - Short Notes: High Seas

International Rivers
2003 Describe international rivers. State the principles of law, regulating the use
of water and navigation in international rivers.

2001 Write a comprehensive note on international rivers and international canal.
AREAS OF FOCUS:
1) High seas, International Waters Claims and Jurisdiction
2) Landlocked zones
3) Law/regulations governing International Waters
Law of War
(Settlement of International Disputes, Intervention, Law of War,
Neutrality and Blockade)

International Disputes
2010, 2008, 2005, 2004, 2002 - Discuss in detail amicable means for settlement
of international disputes.
2001 - Discuss Kashmir dispute in the light of
1. Right of self determination
2. UN Security Council resolution
3. Non-interference in internal affairs
4. legal status of election in Kashmir
5. Simla agreement

Intervention
2012 - Explain with reference to the relevant articles of the UN Charter that whether
the world body is authorized to intervene in the domestic jurisdiction of its member
states.
2006 Whatever the morality of intervention, states have no right under
International Law to intervene on the territory of other states in order to prevent
alleged crimes against humanity or to uphold human rights norms. Discuss.
2004 The frequent Interventions have challenged the validity of some of
fundamental principles of International Law. What are those principles? Discuss in
the light of interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq by the super-powers.
2000 - Short Notes: Intervention

Neutrality
2010 - Discuss the concept of Neutralization. How is it done? Explain the Rights,
Duties and Guarantees given to a neutralized state.
2005 - Differentiate between Neutralized and Neutral States. Discuss the rights and
duties of a neutral state.
2003, 2007 - Short Notes: Neutrality
2001 Define nationality. What are neutral and neutralized states?

Blockade
2004 Define Blockade. What are the essentials of real and binding Blockade?
What does it terminate? Refer to leading cases.
2000 - Short Notes: Blockade 2000

Law of War
2010 Give an account of the efforts of international community to protect the
civilian population from the effects of war.
2005 Short Notes: Rights of Prisoners of War
2004 How are Prisoners of war to be treated under International Law? Explain
with reference to various conventions.

AREAS OF FOCUS:
1) Modes of resolving International disputes.
2) Intervention
3) Law of War and Prisoners of War- Their rights, status and treatment
4) Neutrality, Neutral and Neutralized states, Rights and duties of a Neutral and
Neutralized states.
5) Blockade

Modern Trends

United Nations Organization
2013 - Keeping in view the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). What can
be a reform agenda in your opinion for making the UN more effective?
2012 - Does the customary international law grant the right to use force to a state in
response to a terrorist attack on it? Substantiate your answer by arguing from Article
51 and Paragraph 4 of the Article 2 of the UN Charter and other recent examples in
this regard.
2011 - "All the major issues on voting in the Secretary Council are now satisfactorily
resolved. The real problem today is about the composition of the Security Council."
Discuss
2011 - Elucidate and justify: "The United Nations inspite of its imperfections is the
only organizations that can save humanity from disaster and complete annihilation."
2011 - "The Practice of United Nations Organization Show that while the principle of
Self-Determination is agreed upon, neither the scope of its application nor the
method of decolonization has been settled." Discuss
2009 - How far has the United Nation succeeded in developing a comprehensive
system of Human Rights protection? Can emphasis on social justice and Human
rights lead to a stable International Order?
2009, 2010 Keeping in view the objectives of the charter seeking to establish a
mechanism of peace and security how far has United Nations succeeded in
confronting changes in Global society?
2000 Critically examine the powers and the voting procedure of the U.N. Security
Council.

VETO
2012 - What is Veto? How, when and by whom it is used? What consequences
Pakistan had to face in the past because of its use by a former superpower?
2003, 2007 What is "VETO"? How, when and by whom it is used?

International Court of Justice
2013 Explain the structure and powers of the International Court of Justice and
assess the importance of the principles laid down in judicial decisions of leading
cases as precedents for states.
2009 How far has the United Nation succeeded in developing a comprehensive
system of Human Rights protection? Can emphasis on social justice and Human
rights lead to a stable International Order?
2007 Short Note - International court of justice
2001 The jurisdiction of international court of justice depends on the consent of
the parties concerned. Discuss.
2000 - Write a detailed note on the International-court of Justice with particular
reference to its powers to exercise jurisdiction over disputant states.

Prize Courts
2002, 2012 Short Notes: Prize courts
2006 Describe the functions of a Prize Court. What law does it administer?

Human Rights
2007, 2012 Universal Declaration of Human Rights
2002 The Geneva Convention 1929

Important International Cases
2005 Short Notes: Scotia Case
2004 Enumerate the principles of International Law involved in the decision of
Corfu Channel Case. Assess the impact that decision on the growth and development
of International Law.
2001 Enumerates with short explanation the main principles discussed in any two
of the following cases.
1. Lotus case
2. Clarence Thomas and Anita hill case
3. American diplomat case
2000 Short Notes: Corfu Channel Case, U.K.V. Albania(1948), I.C.J. Rep. 1949.
2000 Short Notes: Chorzow Factory case, Germany V. Poland (1928) , P.C.I.J.
Rep. Ser. A, No.17
Hijacking
2004 Explain how the problem of Hijacking has been dealt with under the
International Law?
2000 - Short Notes: High jacking

AREAS OF FOCUS:
United Nations (UNSC, VETO
International Court of Justice
Prize Courts
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The Geneva Convention 1929
International Law Cases
1. Scotia Case
2. Corfu Channel Case
3. Lotus Case
4. Clarence Thomas and Anita Hill Case
5. American Diplomat Case
6. Chorzow Factory Case
Hijacking

Miscellaneous Short Notes
2002, 2012 - Protectorate
2003, 2007 - International boundaries
2002 - Kellogg Briand Pact 1928
2002 - State Servitude
2002 - Monroes Doctrine
2002 - Equality of States
2002 - Doctrine of Postliminium
2002 - Continuous Voyage
2000 - Human Rights
2000 - Exclusive Economic Zone
2000 - Calvo Clause

Wish You Good Luck!

International Law Study Plan

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