Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Cylindrical Cartesian:
s = cos x + sin y
= sin x + cos y
z = z
Spherical Cartesian:
r = sin cos x + sin sin y + cos z
= sin x + cos y
Spherical Cylindrical:
r = sins + cos z
= cos s sin z
xdx + y dy +z dz Cartesian
s ds +
s d +z dz Cylindrical
r dr +
r d +
r sin d Spherical
1-Dimensional (Line) Integrals
Rules: Use dl as is, for integrals of the form
da = R
2
0
sin d
2
0
d = 4R
2
. It is often convenient
to use the substitution
0
sin d =
1
1
du, where u = cos .
3-Dimensional (Volume) Integrals
Rule: Use all 3 components of dl multiplied together to construct d.
d = d
3
(r) =
dxdy dz Cartesian
s ds ddz Cylindrical
r
2
sin dr d d Spherical
Notes:
The overall length, area, or volume of an integrated region always comes from
the limits of the integrals, and never from any alteration of dl, da, or d.
If the limits of a two- or three-dimensional region are not formed by surfaces
where one coordinate is constant, then the inner integral(s) (those integrated
rst) will have limits which depend upon the variables in the outer integral(s)
(those integrated later).
Special Note on VECTOR integrands:
If integrating a vector eld to get a vector answer out (for example: total
(vector) force on a surface F =