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Total carbohydrate
Starch
Total sugar
SLarch and sugar yleld of sago palm
lanung space 10x10m, 30 palms/ha harvesL from Lhe 7
Lh
year
1oLal carbohydraLe yleld from Lhe 9
Lh
year: 10 - 1St]ha
noLe: Avarage yleld of ma[or sLarch crops ln Lhe Lroplcs
Cassava 9.2L, SweeL poLaLo 9.2L, 1aro 3.4L, ?am 9.8L, 8anana 12.3L
rocess of sago exLracuon
lLh 8asplng
(braklng lnLo
small peaces)
Mesh lLer WaLer pump
for lLerlng
assage of
exLracLed sLarch
Seullng Lank
lLh resldue aer sLarch
exLracuon
Sample
SLarch
()
Cellulose
()
Pemlcellulose
()
Llgnln
()
WaLer
()
owder
resldue
31.3 13.7 8.8 8.0 18.0
llbre resldue
21.2 44.9 6.4 13.3 14.0
Composluon of sago resldue
owder resldue
llbre resldue
Crowlng area and sago producuon
Indonesia
Malaysia
PNG
k|au
8engku|u
Iohor
Sarawak
S.ka||mantan
S.L.Su|awes|
N.Su|awes|
na|mahera
Seram
Ambon
Ir|an Iaya
L.Sep|k
S.Su|awes|
Area
30,000ha
roducuon
30,000L/y
Culuv. 201,000ha
naLural 2,000,000ha
uullzlng half of naLural sLands
-> SLarch (13L/ha level) 16.3 ML
-> LLhanol 8.3 ML
LLhylene 4.2ML
-> over Lhe domesuc demand of
eLhylene and peLrochemlcals ln !apan
Province
Area (ha) Production (t)
norLh Sulawesl
-
-
CoronLalo
-
-
CenLral Sulawesl
7219 1328
SouLh Sulawesl
4077 1314
WesL Sulawesl
1832 333
SL Sulawesl
3484 3791
Sulawesl
18632 7186
Maluku
-
-
norLh Maluku
1832 1189
apua
492 399
WesL apua
-
-
Maluku & apua
2344 1388
lndonesla
100616 93162
Province
Area (ha) Production (t)
Aceh
8367 5192
North Sumatra
- -
West Sumatra
- -
Riu
59058 71061
Islands in Riau 5567 4141
Jambi
- -
South Sumatra
- -
Bengkulu
- -
Lampung
- -
Sumatra
72992 80394
WesL kallmanLan
1367 36
CenLral kallmanLan
- -
SouLh kallmanLan
3263 3921
LasL kallmanLan
16 17
kallmanLan
6648 3994
Area and producuon of sago ln lndonesla (1ree Crop LsLaLe SLausucs 2011)
ClsL of 8esearch lan
(1) new crop developmenL for
securlng enough amounL of
blomass producuon
(2) roduclng blomass even ln
problem solls
(3) uevelopmenL of economlc and
eecuve converslon sysLem
(4) Maklng resldues lnLo resourceful
maLerlals
(3) lmprovemenL of new planL
resource and hlgher uullzauon
[roblems / sub[ecLs]
1 . 8lomass producuon
(1) ClS, remoLe senslng analysls
1) Lsumaung amounL of sago resource
2) LxLracung poLenual lands for sago palm
culuvauon area
(2) lloL farm Lrlal
1) Comparlson of growLh beLween seedllngs
and vege-propagaLed palms
2) lleld level experlmenL of growLh response
of seedllngs agalnsL salL and acld pP
sLress.
[SLruggles of Consoruum]
2 . 8lomass uullzauon
(1) Llquld sugar producuon from plLh resldue
(2) uslng LlnLnerlzed-llke sLarch from resldue
(3) lmprovemenL of sLarch exLracuon
3 . Merchandlslng
(1) Lsumaung poLenual developmenL of
sLarch and sugar producuon
(2) Maklng clear an lmpacL of sago uullzauon
Sago growlng area
ln kendarl, SouLheasL Sulawesl,
lndonesla
Mle unlv
Lxamlnlng slLe
ClS,
8emoLe senslng analysls
Lxamlnlng slLe:
Surroundlng Lake SenLanl
(126km
2
)
apua, lndonesla
!ayapura
Area examlned
L. SenLanl
n
SaLelllLe lmagery
CeoLye-1 SaLelllLe lmage
(8esoluuon:0.Sm, 8and: kG8NIk, 13,00 21 Aug 2010)
n
Shape of sago pa|m
Zoom
Maklng sample daLe by
vlsual lnvesugauon
Analysls sLep
Comparlng radlance
beLween dlerenL
land uses
Selecuon of
approprlaLe radlance
Lo exLracL LargeL
1993
8 G k NIk
R NIR
R NIR
NDVI
+
!
=
normallzed ulerence
vegeLauon lndex
nuvl
CharacLerlsucs of wavelengLh
lanL specles and specLrum
CeoLye-1 lmage
lanL
Soll
WaLer
Soll surface
WaLer surface
8eecLance()
WavelengLh (!m)
Crass
lne
8lrch
llr
A
8
C
u L
unsupervlsed
classlcauon
LxLracuon of sago
growlng area
CeoLye-1 lmage
Cb[ecL base lmage
analysls
Cb[ecL base
lxel base
ulerence ln lmage analysls
unsupervlsed classlcauon
ASago palm
88roadleaf Lrees
C
u
L
SelecLed radlance
8adlance of 8and A
8
a
n
d
8
!
"
#
$
"
$
!
"
#
$
%
&!
&"
" $ ' &! && &" & "
"
"
$
!
"!
#!
$!
%!
&!
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( "! "" "#
!
"
#
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#
'
!"!
!"$
%"!
%"$
&"!
' %! %% %& % &
"
&
(
lanL lengLh (cm)
Creen leaf number
SAu)
Sucker number
lanLed
ln leb
(ralny season)
ln !une
(dry season)
MonLh
MonLh
MonLh
MonLh
CrowLh survey ln Lhe naCl LreaLmenL ploL
16 planLs were LransplanLed ln Lhe naCl LreaLmenL ploL (14m
2
).
210L 1.7 naCl soluuon was supplled.
!
"
#
$
%
&
'
(
! " #
"
!"
)*+,
!
"!
#!
$!
%!
&!!
! & "
!
"
#
$
!$
'()*
!
"!!
#!!
$!!
%!!
&!!!
&"!!
&#!!
&$!!
&%!!
!
"
#
$
%
%
&
'
"!'(
#!'(
)*+,"!'(
)*+,#!'(
na
+
concenLrauon ln soll soluuon was hlgher
aL 20cm under from soll surface Lhan aL 40cm.
CrowLh ln planL lengLh was aecLed from 1
monLh. 1he dlerence was 10cm aer 1
monLh, 20cm aer 2 monLhs from Lhe
beglnnlng of Lhe LreaLmenL
naCl LreaLmenL acceleraLed leaf senescence.
ConL.
1reaL.
ConL.
1reaL.
ConL.
1reaL.
MonLhs
MonLhs
durlng LreaLmenL
na
+
(ppm)
lanL lengLh (cm)
Creen leaf no.
CrowLh survey ln Lhe pP LreaLmenL ploL
16 planLs were LransplanLed ln Lhe naCl LreaLmenL ploL (14m
2
).
3kg CaCC
3
was applled ln Lhe hlgher pP ploL Lo lncrease soll pP.
ConLrol ploL : pP 6.0
1reaLed ploL: pP 4.8
1here were no apparenL dlerences ln
planL lengLh, green leaf number and Lhe
oLher growLh parameLers for Lwo monLhs
durlng Lhe LreaLmenL.
!
"
#
$
%
&
'
(
! " #
"
!"
!
"!
#!
$!
%!
&!!
! & "
!
"
#
$
!$
!
"
#
$
%
&
'
(
)
!
"
#!*+
%!*+
#!*+
%!*+
ConL.
1reaL.
ConL.
1reaL.
MonLhs
MonLhs
durlng LreaLmenL
pP
lanL lengLh (cm)
Creen leaf no.
ConL.
1reaL.
Corn
Selecuon
Separauon of germ
Crlnd
SLarch, proLeln separauon
SLeep
Separauon of bre
Wash ln waLer
SLarch mllk
Sago palm
uebark
LxLracuon/Separauon
8esldue
8asplng
Separauon of
8esldue and
gelaunlzed llquld
Celaunlzauon
Llquefacuon
Saccharlcauon
8enery
ConcenLrauon
lsomerlsauon
8enery
ConcenLrauon
lsomerlsed sugar
Celaunlzauon
Llquefacuon
Saccharlcauon
8eneryConcenLrauon
lsomerlsauon
8eneryConcenLrauon
lsomerlsed sugar
(hlgh frucLose corn syrup)
Clucose
Clucose
ulerence ln Lhe process of llquld sugar producuon
beLween corn sLarch and sago resldue
SLarch
mllk
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 3 10 13 20 23 30
?leld of sLarch from Lhe resldue
uslng heaung baLh
60 of sLarch ln Lhe resldue
was recovered
8efore recovery Aer recovery
?
l
e
l
d
(
m
g
/
m
l
)
o
l
y
m
e
r
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
d
e
g
r
e
e
8
e
d
u
c
l
n
g
s
u
g
a
r
(
m
g
/
m
l
)