Coordination

It is essence of manager ship , for

achieving harmony among individual
efforts towards the accomplishment of
group goals.
Each of the managerial function is an
exercise contributing to coordination.
Communication
It is tool required for coordination.
Communication is the exchange of messages
between people for the purpose of achieving
common meaning.
Transfer and share information or idea from
one person to another to make it understood
by the receiver and to achieve a favorable
action.
Effective management is required for all
managerial functions yet it is particularly
crucial for leading and coordination.
Purpose of communication
Means of linking people in
organization
Means of integrated managerial
functions
Means of linking enterprise to external
envoirnment

Process of communication
Sender/communicator
Encoding
Message
Media
Receiver
Feedback
One way communication
Two way communication
Noise
Communication barriers
Barriers related to sender
Lack of planning
Unqualified assumptions
Poor expression
Barriers pertaining to media
Semantic distortions
Loss by transmission

Barriers related to receiver
Poor listening
Premature evaluation
Overloaded information
Selective perception
Both sender and receiver
Differences in frame of reference
Difference in perceptions between sender and
receiver
Difference in position, status ,power and
knowledge
Effective communication
Planning
Follow up and utilizing feedback
Employing empathy
Simplifying message
Considering needs of receivers
information
Effective listening

Forms of communication

1. Oral communication

Merits
Facilities feedback
Speedy interchange
Feeling of importance
Demerits
Inaccuracies
Non recordable
Time consuming
Costly
2.Written communication
Merits
Accuracy
Documentation
Mass contact
Mean for uniformity
Demerits
Inhibit feedback
Difficult
Time consuming
Creates mountains of papers
3.Non verbal communication

Direction of comunication
Forms of communication can be classified
on the basis of its direction in an
organization
The direction establish the framework
within which communication takes place in
the organization
Vertical
Horizontal
diagonal

1. Vertical communication
a. Downward communication
Oral communication media i.e. instructions,
speeches, meetings telephone loudspeaker.
Written downward communication job
instructions, letters, handbooks, pamphlet,
organizational policy statements, procedures
and practices sketch of company goals and
news.
Annual conference of management
Periodic publication house organ
This is used to accomplish the
following tasks
Explanation of organizational plans and
programs as they are implemented
Answering the complaints and criticism
Presentation of the organizations side of
issue
Motivation of the employees necessary to
win their support
2.Upward communication
Means for upward communication
are suggestions, systems, counseling
sessions, joint setting of objectives,
group meetings, the practice of open
door policy morale questioners and
the exit interview

Crosswise communication
1.Horizontal communication
The flow of information between the people
on the similar organizational levels is the
horizontal communication.
Communication among workers of the same
or that of different department in an
organization
2. diagonal communication
Flow of information with the persons at
different levels who have no direct reporting
relationship.
Miscellaneous directions of communication
Communication network is the pattern
through which the numbers of group
communicates with each other.
Wheel
All information flows through one control
person
Grapevine
It is fast spreading of information by face to
face communication to many individuals.

Fast efficient, flexible accurate and fulfills
peoples need to communicate
Gossip chain grapevine is spreading of a
message to as many others as possible
from a single person.
Cluster chain grapevine occurs when
one person passes the information to a
selected few individuals .
All these happens during tea breaks, lunch
hours or at off duty timings.
Communication by wandering around
Off work communication
Advance communication technology
Telecommunication
Teleconferencing
Computers
Computer networking
Electronic mail system internet