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Directions: In problems 1 - 6, answer the question in the space provided.

In problems 7 - 10, enter the


appropriate formulas in appropriate cells.

When you are finished, submit this workbook to the homework drop box.

Grading: Problems 1 - 6 are worth 2 points each, problems 7 - 10 are worth 1 point each.
10, enter the
Problem 1: An investigator wants to assess whether smoking is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Electronic medical
records at a local hospital will be used to identify fifty patients with pancreatic cancer. One hundred patients who are
similar but free of pancreatic cancer will also be selected. Each participants medical record will be analyzed for smoking
history. Identify the type of study proposed. Briefly explain why you think the study is of this type.

Answer:
Problem 2: An orthopedic surgeon observes that many of his patients coming in for total knee replacement surgery
played organized sports before the age of 10. He plans to collect more extensive data on participation in organized sports
from four patients undergoing knee replacement surgery and to report the findings. Identify the type of study proposed.
Briefly explain why you think the study is of this type.

Answer:
An investigator wants to assess whether smoking is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Electronic medical
records at a local hospital will be used to identify fifty patients with pancreatic cancer. One hundred patients who are
similar but free of pancreatic cancer will also be selected. Each participants medical record will be analyzed for smoking
Briefly explain why you think the study is of this type.
An orthopedic surgeon observes that many of his patients coming in for total knee replacement surgery
played organized sports before the age of 10. He plans to collect more extensive data on participation in organized sports
from four patients undergoing knee replacement surgery and to report the findings. Identify the type of study proposed.
Problem 3: In 1940, 2,000 women working in a factory were recruited into a study. Half of the women worked in
manufacturing and half in administrative offices. The incidence of bone cancer through 1970 among the 1,000 women
working in manufacturing was compared with that of 1,000 women working in administrative offices. Thirty of the
women in manufacturing developed bone cancer as compared to 9 of the women in administrative offices. Identify what
type of study this is. Briefly explain why you think the study is of this type.

Answer:
Problem 4: An investigator reviewed the medical records of 200 children seen for care at Boston Medical Center in the
past year who were between the ages 8-12 and identified 40 with asthma. He also identified 40 children of the same ages
who were free of asthma. Each child and their family were interviewed to assess whether there might be an association
between certain environmental factors such as exposure to second hand smoke. Identify what type of study this is.
Briefly explain why you think the study is of this type.

Answer:
In 1940, 2,000 women working in a factory were recruited into a study. Half of the women worked in
manufacturing and half in administrative offices. The incidence of bone cancer through 1970 among the 1,000 women
working in manufacturing was compared with that of 1,000 women working in administrative offices. Thirty of the
women in manufacturing developed bone cancer as compared to 9 of the women in administrative offices. Identify what
An investigator reviewed the medical records of 200 children seen for care at Boston Medical Center in the
12 and identified 40 with asthma. He also identified 40 children of the same ages
who were free of asthma. Each child and their family were interviewed to assess whether there might be an association
between certain environmental factors such as exposure to second hand smoke. Identify what type of study this is.
Problem 5: A study is designed to evaluate the impact of a daily multivitamin on students academic performance. One
hundred sixty students are randomly assigned to receive either the multivitamin or a placebo and are instructed to take
the assigned drug daily for 20 days. On day 20, each student takes a standardized exam and the mean exam scores are
compared between groups. Identify what type of study this is. Briefly explain why you think the study is of this type.

Answer:
Problem 6: An investigator wants to assess the association between caffeine consumption and impaired glucose
tolerance, a precursor to diabetes. A study is planned to include seventy participants. Each participant will be surveyed
with regard to their daily caffeine consumption. In addition, each participant will submit a blood sample which will be
used to measure glucose level. Identify what type of study this is. Briefly explain why you think the study is of this type.

Answer:
A study is designed to evaluate the impact of a daily multivitamin on students academic performance. One
hundred sixty students are randomly assigned to receive either the multivitamin or a placebo and are instructed to take
the assigned drug daily for 20 days. On day 20, each student takes a standardized exam and the mean exam scores are
Briefly explain why you think the study is of this type.
An investigator wants to assess the association between caffeine consumption and impaired glucose
tolerance, a precursor to diabetes. A study is planned to include seventy participants. Each participant will be surveyed
with regard to their daily caffeine consumption. In addition, each participant will submit a blood sample which will be
Briefly explain why you think the study is of this type.
Systolic Blood Dystolic Blood Total Serum Weight Height
Participant ID Pressure Pressure Cholesterol (pounds) (inches)
1 141 76 199 138 63.00
2 119 64 150 138 69.75
3 122 62 227 153 65.75
4 127 81 227 178 70.00
5 125 70 163 161 70.50
6 123 72 210 206 70.00
7 105 81 205 235 72.00
8 113 63 275 151 60.75
9 106 67 208 213 69.00
10 131 77 159 142 61.00
The data above come from a subsample of 10 participants who attend the sventh examination of the Framingham Offspring
Study.

Problem 7: The body mass index (BMI) of a person is defined as

=
(

0.4536)
(

0.0254)
2


Add a column to the data titled BMI and compute the BMI of each participant.

Problem 8: The mean arterial pressure (MAP) of a person is defined as
=
2 +
3


Add a column to the data title MAP and compute the MAP of each participant.

Problem 9: Compute the sample size n for the MAP data in question 8 using the COUNT function.

The data above come from a subsample of 10 participants who attend the sventh examination of the Framingham Offspring

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