Coal combustion catalyst

Coal-CC919L (Liquid)
The characteristics of Coal-CC919L:
Coal-CC919L has been proved having the remarkable function of improving the coal combustion,

using safely and reduce the pollution to the environment.

Helping the coal combustion completely, boosting the combustions heat, and finally, make the
achievement of using coal economized. From the experiment and practice, it proves that the Coal
CC919L can save 815 coal;

Removing the old oven coke, and preventing the forming of the new one.

Reducing the ash and harmful gass emission, decreasing the pollution to the air.
Coal-CC919Ls physical properties and principal components:
Coal-CC919L is one kind of liquid chemical with dark red color, light smell, uncountable in

water; Self-ignition at 220; 1~6% flammable proportion mixing with the air.

Appellation
Unit
Index value
20
Density
0.8685
38
Say bolt viscosity
29.2 s

Open cup flash point

85

Ignition temperature
89

boiling point
204.4

flowing point
- 29
Coal-CC919L's is mainly composed by the diesel oil and catalytic effect's active materials as well
as some auxiliary promoters. The diesel oil works as the catalyst activeness carrier. It does not
include explosive ingredient, therefore, it will not cause any damage to fuel-burning equipment in
normal situation. The customers who are using this product have already proven it.

Coal-CC919L's principles of chemistry:

The coal combustion divides into three

stages generally:
The stage before the coal catching fire
(including pre-combustion, dry, separation
volatile matter and coke forming);
Volatile matter and cokes combustion; the
remaining coke in the slag ashes burns
completely. In the stove, the coal heats up,
dries, evaporates the water. Along with the
temperature rising, the organic matter in the
coal starts thermal decomposing.

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The volatile matter is formed by the side chains and functional group, which are mainly broken
from the coal macro-molecule. Its principal constituents are CO, CO2, H2, H2O, CH4 and other
Kinds of hydrocarbon compound, the sulfur compound, the azotic compound and so on.

The surplus product of thermal decomposition is the coke, which is formed from the fragrant
nuclear condensation (fixed carbon); in this process coal must absorb the heat. When the
Temperature achieves the coal the ignition point, the coal starts to catch fire, then the
Inflammable volatile matter and the coke start to burning. In this stage, the coal must emit a
certain amount of heat. The main reaction of the combustion of volatile matters is as follows
(the calorific value takes the standard state as the base, and will be obtained by calculation):

Usually, the more the coal volatile matter are, the quicker the rapidity of combustion will be. But
in the entire process of coals combustion, the carbons weight percent is mainly depended on the
different type of coal. The carbon combustion time accounts for 90% of the whole combustion
time. The carbon combustion process is mainly the chemical reaction for carbon and the oxygen,
as the coke is surrounded by the volatile matter, the oxygen will be reacted with flammable gas
firstly. Therefore, the coke combustion is generally behind the combustion of volatile matter.
Only when the oxygen proliferates to the blazing coke surface in the stove, the coke can burn. The
main reaction is as follows:
C + O2
2C + O2

CO2 + 393.509kJ/mol
2CO + 221.050kJ/mol

CO + 1/2O2

CO2 + 282.984kJ/mol
2CO - 172.459kJ/mol

CO2 + C

How much the two kinds of gas CO and CO2 will be formed, is mainly decided by the
temperature. The percentages for this two kinds of gas is equal at 1200 . If the temperature is
rising, the CO will be increased. The combustion heat capacity of coal is becoming bigger, and it
is not easy to catch fire and to transfer heat. The coal activation needs more energy, and it causes
the reduction on the coal thermal efficiency. And the inefficiency heat-transferred will cause the
interior temperature gathering rapidly during combustion, that formes more CO2, and CO2 will be
very easy to have side reaction with the carbon.
2CO - 172.459kJ/mol

CO2 + C

The coal calorific value will be consumed. Thus it can be seen, the key to increases the coals
calorific value, is to reduce the coals flame temperature, to increase the coals heat-transferred
capability, to make the coal be burnned completely, and enhances the coals calorific value
finally.
The principle of the coal additives: The coal-burning chemical additive is one kind of combustion
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The principle of the coal additives: The coal-burning chemical additive is one kind of combustion
booster, and principally composed by the oxidant and the catalyst. It can reduce the flame
temperature of coal, promote the combustion, and raise the combustion rate. The oxidant is
helpful in providing the active oxygen in the stage of pre-combustion, the combustion, and the
cinders burning, therefore, promoting the combustion on the inflammable volatile matter and the
carbon granule during the combustion process. If use many kinds of oxidants, with different
oxidants decomposition temperature (180~900), it will guarantee the abundant active oxygen
for the entire combustion process, make the coal combustion completely, reduce the forming of
mist and dust.

The metallic ion of copper, iron and manganese, decomposed from the metal compound when the
catalyst is heated, promote the C=0 key's formation and enstrengthing, at the same time,
weakening the C-C key in the coal to make it be easy to break. The C=0 key works as the electron
providing body, react with the filtration metal and form a complex compound CO-M (M is
chemical additive metallic ion), this complex compound will works as the reaction center. Its
equation is:

First, the complex compound will be oxidized and decompose metal compound MO, MO is
returned by the carbon into metal or metal oxide compound with low valence M2O, then the metal
or the low valence metal oxide compound absorb the oxygen, and obtain the metal oxide
compound again. In this situation, the metal will be always in circulation of be oxidized and
returned reaction. In this process, the oxygen is keeping transmissing from the metal to the carbon
atom, and it will speed up the oxygen diffusing, and improve the carbons combustion and
increased the coals burning rate.

Chemical additives, such as metallic salt or metal oxide compound, have small heat capacities,
and they can catalyze C-C key break from the long chain fatty group alkane in the coal, and turn
into the small molecular. It can increase moleculars heat movement, reduce the coal the heat
capacity and enhance the coals heat transfer. By adding chemical additives, the coal ignition
point will reduced, the heat conduction will speed up, the coal internal temperature will be
reduced relatively, and the bad reaction will be prevented, and the environmental pollution will be
reduced finally.

2CO - 172.459kJ/mol

CO2 + C

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The Coal-CC919Ls function is divided into two stages:

The first stage:

The first stage: The Coal-CC919L's organic part meets the thermal and fission, and each catalyst
molecular produces at least six kinds of free radicals. In the fuel particles preheating time, the
catalyst plays the role as the cetane number booster, dilutes the fuel and reduce the size of fuel
particles, and save the preheating energy. The free radical produced by catalyst improves the
scattering rate and the reaction reactivity rate, makes the more energy transfer to the fuel particle.
Therefore it reduce critical energy on the stimulation oxidizing reaction in this stage, activates the
chain-reactions on several millions independent free radical, improves the combustion efficiency,
increases the combustion intensity.

The second stage:

Once the molecular organic part is exhausted, the positive ion which could become high valence
ion appears. They will preserve down even even if the highest intensity burning. These positive
ions have the red ox reaction through the electron exchange (also called free radical collision).
This phenomenon causes the free radical chain reaction repeatedly, and make the big-molecular in
the fuel could be combusted easily, promoted the fission and the big weight of pellet in the fuel
into combustion flowingly.

Some low volatile matter in this new coal combustion catalyst may provide the covalence oxygen
for the residual fuel particle body. This material does not explode, in the burning condition, it
decomposes and releases the massive oxidazed free radical, this causes the free radical chain
burning more rapidly when the residual body burning. The vicinity oxygen reactes with the prestimulation's free radical chain, this reaction will be stimulated quickly comparingly. The Acid
radical alkone metal in the catalyst can accept the electron exchange easily.

This new coal catalyst also can strengthen the reaction of branched chain. Through increases the
times of free radicals stimulation, to make the flame temperature to be elevated, the combustion
to be complete, thus enhance the heat transfer efficiency, more energy converse into more power.
The free radical production also helps to carry off the cold region settling in the boiler, the engine
or the turbine.

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By adding the auxiliary in the new coal burning catalyst, it may eliminate the side effects in the
combustion of sulfur, the sodium or the calcium, reduce transfer deposit from the flame to the
actuating medium, and desalinate the mist and dust. These auxiliaries will not only enhance the
catalysts combustion, moreover, it will help to solve the cleaning problem on special combustion
equipment.

In the actual combustion process in boiler, because the coal grain or the powdered coals staying
time in the chamber is limited, therefore, under certain operating condition, there must be a part of
fuel to be carried out inevitably from the chamber without complete combustion that will bring
the incomplete combustion heat loss. But by adding Coal-CC919L, it can reduce the activation
energy needed by the coal combustion. In this case, in the same operating mode and the resident
time, more fuel will be oxidized and emit the heat.
In brief, the Coal-CC919L has solved the extant combustion train problem fundamentally but not
on the surface. Its function takes the theory as the foundation, simultaneously, the users will see
with their own eyes the better actual results by using new coal combustion catalyst comparing to
using other chemical additive.

The advantages of using the new coal catalyst:

After Carring on the laboratory simulation experiment repeatedly and the massive industrial
application examples, it is indicated that to use new coal combustion catalyst has the following
advantages:
1.

Saving the energy, making the consuming falling.

In the same combustion condition, the coal will be saved 8% ~ 15% after using the Coal-CC919L.
And the worse quality the coal is, the coal economized effect is more obvious.

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Coal combustion catalyst

2.

Reducing environmental pollution:

Because the incomplete combustion or other reasons, it will possibly release the massive hostile
materials to environments. As tested, after adding the suitable proportion of Coal-CC919L,
harmful emissions will be approximately reduced as bellows.
Smog blackness drops approximately 30%50%
The monoxide carbon content reduces approximately 20%30%
The nitrogen oxide content reduces approximately 15%20%
The dioxide sulfur content reduces approximately 15%20%
In first several days after using, the emission will increase because the long-term deposit must be
cleaned up; with the lapse of time, the emission will be getting fewer and fewer.
In addition, the Coal-CC919L may also reduce the combustible substance content in the slag and
the pulverized coal ash. Varying from the different combustion way and the different kinds of
coal, the combustible substance content in the slag and the pulverized coal ash could be reduced
as stated as bellows.

The combustible substance content in the slag reduces approximately 13%

The combustible substance content in the pulverized coal ash reduces approximately 36%

3.

Extending the life of equipment, reducing the maintenance cost

After mixing the Coal-CC919L with the coal, it is found that not only the stove chamber, the
combustion chamber endophragm, but also the flue and the burner nozzle place are not easy to be
scalled. And deposit formed previously will be removed. Because the corrosion and attrition
caused by deposit will reduce, then it will lengthen the equipment overhaul period, the service
life, and reduce the normal work maintenance cost finally.

4.

The considerable economic efficiency

By using this new coal burning catalyst (Coal-CC919L), comparing with other related products in
markets; it can save 2 times or higher cost, and bring many kinds of other social efficiencies to the
user.

The amount of Coal-CC919L used in the coal and the application method

Dosage
0.02% dosage = 1liter of Coal-CC919L in to five (5) MT of coal, in principal; use less CoalCC919L in the fine quality coal, more poor quality coal or moderate medium quality coal. When
the coal contains 12% water (humidity), you can directly mix the Coal-CC919L into the coal.
Usage of Product
Before mixing Coal-CC919L pours the concentrated solution into 50 times water of concentrated
solution, (or you can use the water volume less than 12% of the parts to dissolve the CoalCC919L) stirring and diluting the mixture, then spray the mixture into the coal, stirring and
blending together, it will be optimal if the total moisture content of coal can be achieved at 12%.
Normally, we use hand test method, that is grasping a handful of raw coal, if the coal can be
grasped together as a ball and with flaws on it means the moisture content is moderate; if the coal
can be grasped together as a ball without flaws on it means over moisture content, if the coal cant
be grasped together and loose means short of moisture content.
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Spray nozzles and atomization effect chart

Spray nozzles and atomizating effect chart

The application method:

The application method: This new coal combustion catalyst (Coal-CC919L) is suitable for the
powdered coal stove, the chain link stove, and the circulation fluid bed and other kinds of boiler
or the coal pit. A special-purpose pump is necessary when using, then the catalyst will be blow
out and mix with the powdered coal. Other equipments are unnecessary. The installation and trial
run to be very simple, and will not bring any disadvantage factor to the users the original
equipments and the normal operation.

The working place could be elected in the feed head of the powder pipeline, and also could be
sprayed when the fuel is transported by conveyer belt to the boilers, or in the weighting place
spraying on adhesive tape conveyer. To supply By Manual/automatic controlling constant speed.

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