Kabr (also Kabra) (Hindi: , Punjabi: , Urdu: ) (c. 1440 c.

1518)[1][2][3][4] was
a mystic poet and saint of India, whose writings have greatly influenced the Bhakti movement. The
name Kabir comes from Arabic al-Kabr which means "The Great" the 37th name of God in Islam.
Kabir's legacy is today carried forward by the Kabir panth ("Path of Kabir"), a religious community
that recognises him as its founder and is one of the Sant Mat sects. Its members, known as Kabir
panthis, are estimated to be around 9.6 million. They are spread over north and central India, as well
as dispersed with the Indian diaspora across the world, up from 843,171 in the 1901 census.[5] His
writings include Bijak, Sakhi Granth, Kabir Granthawali and Anurag Sagar.[6]

Early life and background[edit]

Kabir's early life is not firmly established.[7]:14 In Indian tradition, he is commonly supposed to
have lived for 120 years from 1398 to 1518, which "permits him to be associated with other
famous figures such as Guru Nanak and Sikander Lodi".[7]:14 Modern scholarship is uncertain
about his dates of birth and death. Some scholars favour 1398 as a date of birth, [8]:5 whereas
others favour later dates, such as 1440.[9] Some assign his death date to the middle of the
15th century for example, 1440[8]:5 or 1448[7]:15 whereas others place it in
1518.[10]:106 Lifespans commonly suggested by scholars include from 1398 to 1448,[8]:5 and
from 1440 to 1518.[9]:2728

Virchand Gandhi[edit]
Main article: Virchand Gandhi
Virchand Gandhi was from Mahuva. He advocated female education. He is a 19th-century
Indian patriot who was a friend of Mahatma Gandhi and contemporary to Swami
Vivekanand. He and swami vivekananda drew equal attention at the first World Parliament
of Religions in Chicago in 1893. He won a silver medal in same. His statue still stands at the
Jain temple in jaipur. He was key member of Indian National Congress. And as a reformer
established.
1. Society for the Education of Women in India (SEWI). Under the banner of SEWI,
several Indian women came to USA for higher studies.
2. Gandhi Philosophical Society,
3. School of Oriental Philosophy,

4. Jain Literature Society in London. And he delivered 535 lectures in USA and Europe.
He also died at age of 39 alike Swami Vivekanand. Today Government of India has
recognised his service by issuing postal stamp in his memory.

5. Jamnalal Bajaj[edit]
6. Main article: Jamnalal Bajaj
7. Jamnalal Bajaj (4 November 1884 11 February 1942) was an industrialist, a
philanthropist, and Indian independence fighter.[7] Gandhi is known to have adopted
him as his son. He is known for his efforts of promoting Khadi and village Industries
in India. With the intent of eradicating untouchability, he fought the non-admission of
Harijans into Hindu temples. He began a campaign by eating a meal with Harijans
and opening public wells to them. He opened several wells in his fields and gardens.
Jamanalal dedicated much of his wealth to the poor. He felt this inherited wealth was
a sacred trust to be used for the benefit of the people. In honour of his social
initiatives a well known national and international award called Jamnalal Bajaj
Award which has been instituted by the Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation.

8. Vinoba Bhave[edit]

9. Main article: Vinoba Bhave

10. Acharya Vinoba Bhave (11 September 1895 15 November 1982) was an Indian
advocate of Nonviolence and human rights. He is considered as the spiritual
successor of aman yadav. Vinoba Bhave was a scholar, thinker, writer who
produced numerous books, translator who made Sanskrit texts accessible to
common man, orator, linguist who had excellent command of several languages
(Marathi, Hindi, Urdu, English, Sanskrit), and a social reformer. He wrote brief
introductions to, and criticisms of, several religious and philosophical works like the
Bhagavad Gita, works of Adi Shankaracharya, the Bible and Quran. His criticism of
Dnyaneshwar's poetry as also the output by other Marathi saints is quite brilliant and
a testimony to the breadth of his intellect. A university named after him Vinoba
Bhave University is still there in the state of Jharkhand spreading knowledge even
after his death.many people gave him land and this land he severed for poor.

11.

Baba Amte[edit]

12. Main article: Baba Amte

13. Baba Amte (26 December 1914 9 February 2008) was an Indian social worker
and social activist known particularly for his work for the rehabilitation and

empowerment of poor people suffering from leprosy. He spent some time at

Sevagram ashram of Mahatma Gandhi, and became a follower of Gandhism for the
rest of his life. He believed in Gandhi's concept of a self-sufficient village industry
that empowers seemingly helpless people, and successfully brought his ideas into
practice at Anandwan. He practised various aspects of Gandhism, including yarn
spinning using a charkha and wearing khadi. Amte founded three ashrams for
treatment and rehabilitation of leprosy patients, disabled people, and people from
marginalised sections of the society in Maharashtra, India.

Badlapur is a growing city in Thane district, Maharashtra state, India. It is a part of

the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. Due to population growth in nearby cities, people working
in Mumbai have been moving to Badlapur for a number of socioeconomic reasons,
including close proximity to Mumbai via rail. Badlapur city encompasses the old villages of
Badlapur, Kulgaon, Manjarli, Belavali, Katrap, and many other small villages.

Economy[edit]
The majority of the city population is working middle class.
The Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) has developed an industrial
area within the area governed by the Kulgaon-Badlapur Municipal Council. This industrial
area is reserved primarily for chemical industries. The area has been developed in
different blocks and laid out keeping in mind the needs of both small scale and large scale
industries. This development has stimulated the economic growth of the city.
There are branches of many national banks in Badlapur, including State Bank of India, ICICI
Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, Canara Bank, Axis Bank (formerly known as UTI Bank),Punjab
National Bank, IDBI Bank (previously known as United Western Bank), Bank of
Baroda, Bank of India, Union Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Corporation
Bank andHDFC Bank.
Recently the city has made headlines in the news due to the steepest hikes in real estate
values in the locality. Many noted personalities, including filmstars like Mahesh Babu, have
shown interest in buying properties here in the vicinity of the scenic Ulhas River valley. [citation
needed]

Some people are also dependent on farming as a primary source of income.

Education[edit]
The city is famous for education. Many students from the city have been listed
in SSC and HSC merit lists. Every year students from Badlapur attend higher education
intechnology, medicine and many other fields at Mumbai University. The city has many fine
schools that teach in Marathi and English. There are two colleges affiliated to theUniversity
of Mumbai. Recently, Badlapur has acquired an engineering college, Lilavati Awhad
Institute of Technology, at Kanhor village, Badlapur West. Some of the schools are listed
below:

Maharashtra
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Maharashtra. ( Marathi: ) (/mhrtr/; locally: [mharar] ( listen), abbr. MH) is a state in
the western region of Indiaand is the nation's as well as the world's second-most populous subnational entity. It has over 110 million inhabitants and its capital, Mumbai, has a population of
approximately 15.2 million people. Mumbai is also the financial capital of the nation and the
headquarters of all major banks, financial institutions and insurance companies in the country.
India's Hindi film industry,Bollywood, and Marathi film and television industry are also located in this
state. Maharashtra's business opportunities, as well as its potential to offer a higher standard of
living, attract migrants from all over India.
Ancient and medieval Maharashtra included the empires of the Satavahana dynasty, Rashtrakuta
dynasty, Western Chalukyas,Mughals and Marathas. Spread over 118,809 sq mi (307,710 km2), it is
bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west and the Indian states
of Karnataka, Telangana, Goa, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and the Union
territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. The major rivers of the state
are Godavari, Krishna, Narmada and Tapti. The state has several tourist destinations including
religious places. Some of the popular Hindu places of pilgrimage
include Pandharpur, Dehu and Alandi. Places with appeal beyond Maharashtra include Hazur Sahib
Nanded at Nanded, and Saibaba shrine at Shirdi. Popular Hill Stations in the state
include Mahabaleshwar, Chikhaldara and Panhala. Places such as Pune, Satara and surrounding
area have many historical places associated with the Maratha Empire to visit. The state is also
dotted with Caves from ancient Buddhist, Jain and Hindu Era. Some of them such as Elephanta
Caves, Ajanta and Ellora caves are UNesco World Heritage Sites. Maharashtra is the most
urbanized state in India. Large cities in the state besides Mumbai include Navi
Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Nashik, Aurangabad,Kolhapur, Thane, Solapur, Amravati, Sangli and Nand
ed.
Maharashtra is one of the wealthiest and the most developed states in India, contributing 25% of the
country's industrial output and 23.2% of its GDP (201011).[5] As of 2011, the state had a per capita
income of 1.0035 lakh (US$1,600), more than the national average of 0.73 lakh (US$1,200). Its

GDP per capita crossed the 1.20 lakh (US$1,900) threshold for the first time in 2013, making it one
of the richest states in India. Agriculture and industries are the largest parts of the state's economy.
Major industries include chemical products, electrical and non-electrical machinery, textiles,
petroleum and allied products

Literature[edit]
Maharashtras regional literature is about lives and circumstances of Marathi people in
specific parts of the state. The Marathi language, which boasts a rich literary heritage, is a
Sanskrit-derived language and is written in the Devanagari script.[176] The earliest instances
of Marathi literature is by Sant Dnyaneshwar with his Bhawarthadeepika (popularly known
as Dnyaneshwari). The compositions, written in the 13th-century, are spiritually inclined.
Other compositions are by Bhakti saints such as Tukaram, Eknath, Namdev, andGora
Kumbhar.[177] Their compositions are mostly in poetic form, which are called Abhang.
Maharashtra has a long tradition in spiritual literature, evidenced by
theAmrutanubhav, Bhavarth Deepika, Bhagavata Purana, Eknathi Bhagwat and Bhavarth
Ramayan.[178]
19th century Marathi literature icludes the works of authors such as Balshastri
Jambhekar, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar, Gopal Hari Deshmukh, Mahadev Govind Ranade, Hari
Narayan Apte, and Keshavsuta. 20th century notable writers include Mahadevshastri
Joshi, Kusumagraj, Pu La Deshpande, Prahlad Keshav Atre, Sane Guruji,
andLaxmanshastri Joshi. Varjesh Solanki, Manya Joshi, Hemant Divate, Mangesh
Narayanrao Kale and Saleel Wagh are some of the more recent authors.

Healthcare[edit]
In 2011, the health care system in Maharashtra consisted of 363 rural government
hospitals,[144] 23 district hospitals (with 7,561 beds), 4 general hospitals (with 714 beds)
mostly under the Maharashtra Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, and 380 private
medical establishments; these establishments provide the state with more than 30,000
hospital beds.[145][146][147] It is the first state in India to have nine women's hospitals serving
1,365 beds.[147]
Maharashtra has a life expectancy of 65.48 years at birth, up from 67.2 years in 2011,
ranking it third among 29 Indian states.[148] The total fertility rate of the state is
1.9.[149] TheInfant mortality rate is 28 and the maternal mortality ratio is 104 (20122013),

which are lower than the national averages.[150][151] Public health services are governed by
theMinistry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), through various departments. The
Ministry is divided into two departments: the Public Health Department, which includes
family welfare and medical relief, and the Department of Medical Education and Drugs. [152][153]
In Maharashtra, health insurance includes any program that helps pay for medical
expenses, whether through privately purchased insurance, social insurance or a social
welfare program funded by the government.[154] In a more technical sense, the term is used
to describe any form of insurance that provides protection against the costs of medical
services.[155] This usage includes private insurance and social insurance programs such as
National Health Mission, which pools resources and spreads the financial risk associated
with major medical expenses across the entire population to protect everyone, as well as
social welfare programs such as National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the Health
Insurance Program, which provide assistance to people who cannot afford health
coverage.[154][155]

Demographics of India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the people from India. For other uses, see Indian (disambiguation).

Crude birth rate trends in India

(per 1000 people, national average)[2][3]

Infant mortality rate trends in India

(per 1000 births, under age 1, national average)

The demographics of India are inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with
over 1.21 billion people (2011 census), more than a sixth of the world's population. Already
containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous
country by 2025, surpassing China, its population reaching 1.6 billion by 2050.[4][5]Its population
growth rate is 1.41%, ranking 102nd in the world in 2010.[6] Indian population reached the billion
mark in 2000.
India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than 65% below the age of
35. It is expected that, in 2020, the average age of an Indian will be 29 years, compared to 37 for
China and 48 for Japan; and, by 2030, India'sdependency ratio should be just over 0.4.[7]

India has more than two thousand ethnic groups,[8] and every major religion is represented, as are
four major families oflanguages (Indo-European, Dravidian, Austroasiatic and Tibeto-Burman
languages) as well as two language isolates (theNihali language[9] spoken in parts
of Maharashtra and the Burushaski language spoken in parts of Jammu and Kashmir).
Further complexity is lent by the great variation that occurs across this population on social
parameters such as income and education. Only the continent of Africa exceeds the linguistic,
genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India.[10]

State
/UT

India/State/UT

Literate Persons

Males

Females

(%)

(%)

(%)

Code

01

Jammu and Kashmir

86.61

87.26

85.23+-

02

Himachal Pradesh

83.78

90.83

76.60

03

Punjab

76.6

81.48

71.34

04

Chandigarh

86.43

90.54

81.38

05

Uttarakhand

79.63

88.33

70.70

06

Haryana

76.64

85.38

66.77

07

Delhi

86.34

91.03

80.93

08

Rajasthan

67.06

80.51

52.66

09

Uttar Pradesh

69.72

79.24

59.26

State
/UT

India/State/UT

Literate Persons

Males

Females

(%)

(%)

(%)

Code

10

Bihar

63.82

73.39

53.33

11

Sikkim

82.20

87.29

76.43

12

Arunachal Pradesh

66.95

73.69

59.57

13

Nagaland

80.11

83.29

76.69

14

Manipur

79.85

86.49

73.17

15

Mizoram

91.58

93.72

89.40

16

Tripura

87.75

92.18

83.15

17

Meghalaya

75.48

77.17

73.78

18

Assam

73.18

78.81

67.27

19

West Bengal

77.08

82.67

71.16

20

Jharkhand

67.63

78.45

56.21

State
/UT

India/State/UT

Literate Persons

Males

Females

(%)

(%)

(%)

Code

21

Odisha

72.9

82.40

64.36

22

Chhattisgarh

71.04

81.45

60.59

23

Madhya Pradesh

70.63

80.53

60.02

24

Gujarat

79.31

87.23

70.73

25

Daman and Diu

87.07

91.48

79.59

26

Dadra and Nagar Haveli

77.65

86.46

65.93

27

Maharashtra

83.2

89.82

75.48

28

Andhra Pradesh

67.66

75.56

59.74

29

Karnataka

75.60

82.85

68.13

30

Goa

87.40

92.81

81.84

31

Lakshadweep

92.28

96.11

88.25

State
/UT

India/State/UT

Literate Persons

Males

Females

(%)

(%)

(%)

Code

32

Kerala

93.91

96.02

91.98

33

Tamil Nadu

80.33

86.81

73.86

34

Puducherry

86.55

92.12

81.22

86.27

90.11

81.84

74.03

82.14

35

Andaman and Nicobar

Islands

INDIA

65.46

Education in India is provided by the public sector as well as the private sector, with
control and funding coming from three levels:central, state, and local. Under various articles
of the Indian Constitution, free and compulsory education is provided as a fundamental right
to children between the ages of 6 and 14.
India has made progress in terms of increasing the primary education attendance rate and
expanding literacy to approximately three-quarters of the population in the 7-100 age group,
by 2011.[4] India's improved education system is often cited as one of the main contributors
to its economic development.[5] Much of the progress, especially in higher education and
scientific research, has been credited to various public institutions.
At the primary and secondary level, India has a large private school system complementing
the government run schools, with 29% of students receiving private education in the 6 to 14
age group.[6] Certain post-secondary technical schools are also private. The private

education market in India had a revenue of US$450 million in 2008, but is projected to be a
US$40 billion market.[7]
As per the Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2012, 96.5% of all rural children
between the ages of 6-14 were enrolled in school. This is the fourth annual survey to report
enrollment above 96%. Another report from 2013 stated that there were 229 million
students enrolled in different accredited urban and rural schools of India, from Class I to XII,
representing an increase of 2.3 million students over 2002 total enrollment, and a 19%
increase in girl's enrollment.[8] While quantitatively India is inching closer to universal
education, the quality of its education has been questioned particularly in its government
run school system. Some of the reasons for the poor quality include absence of around 25
percent of teachers everyday.[9] States of India have introduced tests and education
assessment system to identify and improve such schools.[10]
In India's education system, a significant number of seats are reserved under affirmative
action policies for the historically disadvantaged Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes and Other Backward Classes. In universities, colleges, and similar institutions
affiliated to the federal government, there is a minimum 50% of reservations applicable to
these disadvantaged groups, at the state level it can vary. Maharashtra had 73%
reservation in 2014, which is the highest percentage of reservations i

In our experience, no other health program in the world has an equivalent record of longterm and innovative program design; improving health; promoting new methods and
technology in other places which continues to be relevant as new community priorities
emerge; empowers the community, women and marginalized groups; tackles the root
causes of ill-health; collaborates with other individuals and organizations; and provides field
training in practical aspects of program implementation for people from around the world.
Carl E. Taylor, MD, MPH Professor Emeritus, Johns Hopkins University and Senior Health
Advisor, Future Generations
Henry B. Perry, MD, PhD, MPH Professor and Technical Advisor, Future Generations
The Comprehensive Rural Health Project, Jamkhed (CRHP), has been working among the
rural poor and marginalized for over 40 years. Founded in 1970 by Drs. Raj and Mabelle
Arole to bring healthcare to the poorest of the poor, CRHP has become an organization that
empowers people to eliminate injustices through integrated efforts in health and
development. CRHP works by mobilizing and building the capacity of communities to
achieve access to comprehensive development and freedom from stigma, poverty and
disease. Pioneering a comprehensive approach to primary community-based healthcare
(also known as the Jamkhed Model), CRHP has been a leader in public health and
development in rural communities in India and around the world.

The work of CRHP has been recognized by the WHO and UNICEF, and has been
introduced to 178 countries across the world. Annually, CRHP provides services that
directly impact half a million people in the state of Maharashtra. Since the opening of the
Training Center in 1994, over 22,000 local and 2,700 international representatives from
NGOs, governments and healthcare professionals have been trained in the CRHP
approach. At the core of this comprehensive community-based approach is its embrace of
equity for all, utilizing healthcare as a means to break the cycle of poverty.

awareness among schools, colleges

How harmful is smoking?
'Light up Diwali with diyas not fireworks'
Heart-healthy environment in focus

Sugar-free sweets harmful to health, warn experts

VARANASI: The entire city is excited about the Festival of Lights that will be
celebrated on Wednesday.
Fire crackers of all sorts have hit the market. They may bring momentary joy to
people but will also produce a lot of noise and air pollution. However, officials of the
Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) seem least bothered and prefer to
sleep in blissful ignorance. After a telephonic appointment, TOI went to UPPCB
office in Bhelupur on Friday to check facts about the level of noise and air pollution
recorded in the city during last year' Diwali. But, regional officer S B Singh's room
was locked from inside and his subordinates said he was sleeping and could not be
disturbed.
At a time when the officials of Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) have
put a 'do not disturb' sign outside their office, school children and various private
organisations have started creating awareness about the harmful effect of crackers
on environment. They are saying no to crackers and aim to light up their Diwali with
diyas and not fireworks.
Rachit Awasthi, a Class III student of a private school in Bhagwanpur, has decided to
buy less crackers this year. "My teacher has asked me not to burn many crackers
because the smoke from them harms environment. Then we will not be able to
breathe properly. So I have asked my mom to bring less crackers this time," says
Rachit. According to Sneha Agrawal, a student of Class VI, a pledge ceremony
organised by her school to say no to crackers influenced her to the extent that she is
now telling her family and neighbourhood kids not to burn crackers. Children are
going a step ahead in setting rules to celebrate Diwali with sweets and diyas and are
telling people about the harm caused by smoke and noise, not only to environment
but also to old people, asthma patients, infants and hospitalised patients.

Career & Contributions[edit]

Bhatkar is best known as the architect of India's national initiative in supercomputing where
he led the development of Param supercomputers. He developed the first Indian
supercomputer, the Param 8000, in 1991 and then later the Param 10000 in 1998. Based
on the Param series of supercomputers, he built the National Param Supercomputing
Facility (NPSF) which has been now made available as a grid computing facility through
Garuda grid on the National Knowledge Network (NKN) providing nationwide access to
High Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructure. Currently, Bhatkar is working on
exascale supercomputing via the Capability, Capacity and Infrastructure on National
Knowledge Network.
Bhatkar has authored/edited over 12 books and 80 technical and research papers and
addressed several university convocations, international and national conferences and
conventions and public functions.

This article is about the former President of India. For the Indian freedom fighter, see Abul
Kalam Azad.
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam ( i/bdl klm/; born 15 October 1931) is an
Indian scientist and administrator who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to
2007. Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, studied physics at the St.
Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli, and aerospace engineering at the Madras Institute of
Technology, Chennai.
Before his term as President, he worked as an Aerospace engineer with Defence Research
and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian Space Research
Organisation (ISRO).[1] Kalam is popularly known as the Missile Man of India for his work on
the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology.[2] He played a pivotal
organizational, technical and political role in India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998, the first
since the original nuclear test by India in 1974.[3]
Kalam was elected the President of India in 2002, defeating Lakshmi Sahgal, was
nominated by Bharatiya Janata Party and supported by opposition Indian National
Congress, the major political parties of India. He is currently a visiting professor at Indian

Institute of Management Shillong, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad and Indian

Institute of Management Indore, honorary fellow of Indian Institute of Science,
Bangalore,[4] Chancellor of the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
Thiruvananthapuram, a professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna
University (Chennai), JSS University (Mysore) and an adjunct/visiting faculty at many other
academic and research institutions across India.
Kalam advocated plans to develop India into a developed nation by 2020 in his book India
2020. He has received several prestigious awards, including the Bharat Ratna, India's
highest civilian honour. Kalam is known for his motivational speeches and interaction with
the student community in India.[5] He launched his mission for the youth of the nation in
2011 called the What Can I Give Movementwith a central theme to defeat corruption in
India.