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Scope
This section provides guidance for the assessment of safety case content with respect to vessel
collisions, from hazard identification through to consequence determination, including risk
management measures. Interfaces with other sections are identified.
2
The evaluation of risk that might stem from each major accident hazard is to be assessed by
identification of the factors that might result in an adverse combination of a hazard source and an
initiator [causal chains], together with identification and evaluation of escalation paths that might
result [consequence chains].
Two broad hazard sources can be identified and divided into a number of different vessel types
thus:
Attendant vessels
Passing vessels
For a major accident to be realised, these Hazard Sources need an Initiator. For vessel collisions,
the following broad categories of Initiator are proposed:
Positioning Failure
Navigational Failure
Procedural Failure
Human Error
Evaluation of risk will need consideration of the likelihood and consequence factors:
Frequency
Consequence
The usual measures are employed in controlling the hazard:
Inherent Safety
Prevention through
Procedures
Personnel
High Visibility
Depth of Assessment
This section gives guidance on the depth of assessment required to determine the adequacy of the
demonstration that measures have been or will be taken to ensure compliance with the relevant
statutory provisions.
Where relevant sections of the safety case are consistent with the good practice identified in the
assessment sheets, there will usually be no need for an assessor to probe into the details of the
application of this practice. However, this may be a suitable issue to follow-up through inspection.
4. The assessor should examine the adequacy of the hazard identification, risk evaluation and
management in conjunction with the contents of the Categorisation Table below:
Vessel Impact
Source of Hazard
Initiators
Risk Evaluation
Risk Management
Performance
Measures
Standards
HS1 - Loss of
G1 - Attendant and
Integrity
Passing Vessels
Frequency
Inherent Safety
Structure
Process
Pipelines
Wells
HS2 - Fatalities
F4 - Subsea
G2 - Failures
Facilities,
of Workforce
Positional
Exclusion zone
Navigational
Procedural
Human Error
F1 - Likelihood
Prevention
Factors (including
historic data)
F5 - Verification,
Testing and
Inspection
F6 - SBVs,
Communcations
and Procedures
F7 - SBVs, Visual
& Radar, Platform
Mounted Radar,
Automated
Systems
F8 - Procedures
[including Vessel
Contracting and
Suitability,
Platform
Operations,
Inspections,
Marine
Operations and
Combined
Operations]
Consequences
F2 - Loss of
Integrity to
Installation
Systems
[structural,
process,
pipelines, wells]
F3 - Fatalities to
Mitigation
Workforce
F9 - Physical
Protection
F10 - Robust
Structure, Plant
and Equipment
For passing vessels there should be time to take some form of emergency action and assessment
should, in the main, be carried out in line with that in Section 10 Emergency Response. Attendant
vessels may provide a more instantaneous vessel collision and hence it is expected that
appropriate robustness is built into the installation engineering and safety systems.
5. Other Related Assessment Sheets in this Section are:
F1
F2
F3
Fatalities to Workforce
F4
F5
F6
F7
F8
Physical protection
F10
Boat Impact
Sheet 2.2.2.G5
Collision/Grounding
Sheet 2.2.4.F8
Ship Collision
Section 2.4.3
Section 2.1.2
MODUs
Semis
Jack-ups
Drill ships
Accommodation units
Shuttle tankers
Heavy lift vessels
Anchor handling vessels
Diving support vessels
Survey vessels
Well intervention vessels
Tugs
Barges
Multi-role vessels [standby and supply]
Pipe lay
Counter pollution vessels
Passing vessels
All of the above [when headed for other installations]
Merchant vessels, including:
Ferries
Fishing craft
Pleasure crafts
Naval craft
Submarines
Further consideration will be required where installations are located in known shipping routes.
3. Relevant Legislation, ACOP and Guidance includes:
Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005
Offshore Installations and Wells (Design and Construction, etc) Regulations 1996
Assessment Principles for Offshore Safety Cases [APOSC]
4.
None
5.
None
6.
None
Specific assessment and guidance on these failures for passing vessels are outside the scope of
this document. However, some control can be expected on reducing the risk for initiators for
attendant vessels.
OGUK Guidelines for Ship/Installation Collision Avoidance, OP013,2010
OGUK Common guidelines for safe management of offshore supply and anchor handling
operations (North West European Area) Issue 2, OPO20, 2009
Offshore operations notice no 14, Guidance on Coast Protection Act 1949 - consent to locate
and the marking of offshore installations, 2009
Offshore operations notice no 61, Management of collision risk - Radio communication
between offshore installations, their standby vessels and merchant ships, 2003
2. The above guidelines are generic in nature and treatment of the initiators for individual
platforms and platform layouts should be assessed.
3. Relevant Legislation, ACOP and Guidance includes:
Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005
Offshore Installations and Wells (Design and Construction, etc) Regulations 1996
Assessment Principles for Offshore Safety Cases [APOSC]
4. Specific Technical Issues:
Initiators for attendant vessels will be vessel, company and installation specific. Assessment should
seek out this information.
5. Other Relevant Assessment Sheets in this Section are:
F5 Verification, Testing & Inspection
F6 SBVs, Communications, and Procedures
F7 SBVs Visual and Radar, Platform Mounted Radar, Automated Systems
F8 Procedures - Including Vessel Contracting, Vessel Suitability, Platform Operations,
Inspections, Marine Operations & Combined Operations
6. Cross Referenced Sections and Sheets are:
Section 2.2.2 Stability - Maritime Integrity
Section 2.2.3 Position Keeping System failures
Section 2.3.4 Emergency Response
Section 2.4.3 Human and Organisational Factors
1. Confirmation should be obtained that all consequences of a vessel collision have been
considered. The consequences may involve many disciplines and a multidisciplinary approach
should have been used.
2. Where a multidisciplinary approach has not been used, the adequacy should be judged by
examining the completeness of the technical consequences documented.
3. Relevant Legislation, ACOP and Guidance includes:
Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005
Offshore Installations and Wells (Design and Construction, etc) Regulations 1996
Assessment Principles for Offshore Safety Cases [APOSC]
4. Specific Technical Issues:
Injuries to people
Direct contact
Strong vibration
Loss of structural integrity
Direct contact
Strong vibration
Large relative deformation
Loss of stability
Direct contact
Strong vibration
Large relative deformation
Loss of position
Direct contact
Loss of containment
Loss of other safety critical equipment
Loss of EER
5. Other Related Assessment Sheets in this Section are:
F9
Physical Protection
F10
Sheet 2.2.2.G5
Collision/Grounding
Sheet 2.3.4.F8
Ship Collision
1. Confirmation should be obtained that procedures and equipment for the prevention of collisions
follow the requirements of the recognised guidance/codes of practice below:
OGUK Guidelines for Ship/Installation Collision Avoidance 2010
OGUK Emergency Response & Rescue Vessel Survey Guidelines Issue 5, HS009, 2008
OGUK Emergency Response & Rescue Vessel Management Guidelines Issue 4, HS008,
2008
OGUK Common Guidelines for the Safe Management of Offshore Supply and Anchor
Handling Operations (North WestEuropean Area) Issue 2, OP020, 2009
Guidance & ACOP to the Offshore Installations (Prevention of Fire & Explosion &
Emergency Response) Regulations 1995 (L65)
Further guidance can be obtained from:
OTO 1999 052 Effective Collision Risk Management for Offshore Installations
Offshore Operations Notice ON61 Management of Collision Risk Radio communication
between offshore installations, their standby vessels and merchant ships, 2003
2. Where standard or guidance other than that listed above has been used, judgement as to the
adequacy of the detection system can only be assessed on an individual basis.
Alternative/additional measures may be required for other types of field arrangement or when
standby vessel sharing is agreed.
3. Relevant Legislation, ACOP and Guidance includes:
Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005
Offshore Installations and Wells (Design and Construction, etc) Regulations 1996
Assessment Principles for Offshore Safety Cases [APOSC]
4. Specific Technical Issues:
None
5. Other Related Assessment Sheets in this Section are:
F7 SBVs Visual & Radar, Platform Mounted Radar, Automated Systems
F8 Procedures [Including Vessel Contracting, Vessel Suitability, Platform Operations, Inspection,
Marine Operations and Combined Operations]
6. Cross-Referenced Sections and Sheets are:
Section 2.3.4 Emergency Response
Section 2.4.3 Human and Organisational Factors
F8
F6
F8
F9 Physical Protection
1. Confirmation should be obtained that all Safety Critical Elements [SCEs] within zones
vulnerable to impact from attendant vessels are properly protected against damage due to direct
impact, large relative deformations and strong vibrations. Examples of such SCEs are:
Risers [possibly including associated ESD valves]
Conductors
Caissons
Escape routes and other EER related items
There is no specific guidance about what constitutes adequate protection, although some of the
analysis techniques used in Section 3 Loss of Structural Integrity may be used to demonstrate
strength through design.
2. Due to the lack of guidance at present, adequacy can only be assessed on an individual basis.
Further consideration will be required where damage to SCEs is tolerated on the basis that other
safeguards are in place. This may require discussion with other topic teams.
3. Relevant Legislation, ACOP and Guidance includes:
Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005
Offshore Installations and Wells (Design and Construction, etc) Regulations 1996
Assessment Principles for Offshore Safety Cases [APOSC]
4. Specific Technical Issues:
None
5. Other Related Assessment Sheets in this Section are:
F2