1.

INTRODUCTION
1.1. BACKGROUND OF STUDY
B.R.E.A.K.F.A.S.T. Breakfast is defined by The Oxford Dictionary as a meal
eating in the early morning or the first of the day. Penuela (2009) say that breakfast
is the most important meal of the day and we can get important nutrients such as
vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber and proteins.

Nowadays people are busy with their daily life that make them do not have time to
make or take breakfast. People especially students keep forgetting to eat breakfast
because they do not know the benefits and advantages that they can get from it.
Taking breakfast affects differently according to the level of age. Some benefits of
taking breakfast are to control body weight, improve memory, to increase
productivity, to enhance attention span, to boost up creativity and mood and to
achieve an ideal weight.

Gerdes (2011) mentioned in her article that breakfast gives benefits to students
cognitive function, academic performance, school attendance and psychosocial
function. This statement has further proved that breakfast gives energy is needed by
the students body

which can lead them to perform better attitudes in their

students life.

Besides, students should not skip breakfast because breakfast it is one of the ways
to control their body weight. Taking breakfast avoids students not overeating
during the other meals said Penuela (2009). Although there is no such proof which
say that taking breakfast daily. For further understanding, we can obtain ideal
weight for our Body Mass Index (BMI) by taking breakfast on time. However,
students should ensure that they eat healthy food during breakfast.

Breakfast is very important because it acts as a basic fuel for everyone. It provides
energy for student to go through all the day. However, certain students especially
student in UiTM choose not to take breakfast. As we know, students love to use
1

lack of time as an excuse to skip breakfast. This excuse usually used by the
students who have class early in the morning but tend to wake up late.

Sometimes, students do not take breakfast because they do not have appetite.
Having a meal in the morning is quite difficult for them. They might vomit after
they eat. This because they already full after they ate too much food at late night.
Normally they only get their appetite back during mid breakfast. This habit is not
good actually, because they tend to take an unhealthy and they choose junk food as
a meal. This associated with unhealthy eating habit.

Take some old breakfast also one of the reasons why they do not take breakfast.
Student bored because there is limited choice for breakfast. Today, everyone care
about his or her appearance, especially women. They do everything to get a good
body posture and beautiful look. One of the efforts to gain ideal weight is refuse to
take breakfast. They believe that skipping breakfast help those to loose weight and
maintain slim.

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1.2.1

To study the understanding of breakfast among students of UiTM Shah

Alam.

1.2.2

To study the reason why student do not eat breakfast in UiTM Shah Alam.

1.2.3

To investigate percentage of student who eat breakfast in UiTM Shah Alam.

1.3 METHODOLODY

1.3.1

DATA GATHERING
The first step in this research was to distribute questionnaire to the selected
UiTM students. Questionnaires were administered to the students to gather
their habits on breakfast also their general knowledge breakfast. The
students respons to the questionnaire enabled the identification of UiTM
students habit on breakfast. Hundred questionnaires were distributed to
UiTM students. There were five facilities collaborated in this research.
There were Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Faculty of
Sport Science and Recreation, Faculty of Applied Science, Faculty of Law
and lastly Faculty of Accounting. 39 of male student and 55 of female
students returned the questionnaire. However, the other six were missing.

1.3.2

DATA ANALYSIS

After receiving the result of the questionnaire, the answer were grouped
according to the faculty and four questions which are related to the
objectives that we targeted. The analysis were done by using manual
calculation where we have separated all the data according to the questions
and transferred it to graph bar.

1.3.3

DATA INTERPRETATION

The respondents were 94 students, 39 of them were male students. They

were selected according to a narrowed random sampling method so, that
there was a proportionate representation of students from semester 1 until
semester 5 and above from different faculties in UiTM Shah Alam.
Hundreds questionnaires were distributed, but only 94 were used to obtain
the results on the habit on breakfast among UiTM Shah Alam students we
only do primary data instead of to get any secondary data. The data gathered
via questionnaire were analyses by manual calculation.

1.4 SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The findings in this report were drawn from responses to questionnaire given to the
participating responds from vary faculty in UiTM Shah Alam. This study only
includes five different types of faculty. Questionnaires were distributed in
Perpustakaan Tun Abdul Razak 1(PTAR 1) and UiTM Bookstore.
Faculty that involved in this research were Faculty of Architecture, Planning and
Surveying, Faculty of Sport Science and Recreation, Faculty of Applied Science,
Faculty of Law and lastly Faculty of Accounting.
Therefore, the analyses data were included only students whom care to PTAR 1 and
bookstore only.

1.5 TERM OF REFERENCE

Today, people are busy with their daily life that make them do not have time to
make or take breakfast. People especially students keep forgetting to eat breakfast
because they do not know the benefits and advantages that they can get from
breakfast itself.

In order to complete the syllabus of Report Writing (BEL 422), a research is

conduct to investigate breakfast among UiTM Shah Alam Students. The objectives
of the research are to study the understanding of breakfast among students of
UiTM Shah Alam, to study the reason why student do not eat breakfast in UiTM
Shah Alam and to investigate percentage of student who eat breakfast in UiTM
Shah Alam. The finding of this research, together with recommendations, shall be
submitted to the lecturer, Dr. Mahamad Azmi bin Che Mahmood by 28 December
2012.

2. FINDINGS
2.1. Introduction of Findings

After finished doing the survey, the data gathered are then transferred to the graph
bar. These graph bars shows all the objectives that we want to achieve. There are
four graph bars for primary data. The secondary data that is gathered are through
the websites, academic research and books as well.

2.2. Primary Data

Questionnaires were distributed among six different facultes in Shah Alam campus
to help understand the pattern of which breakfast among UiTM Shah Alam.

7.14
Percentage

35.71

26.09

79.41
92.86
64.29

100

73.91

20.59
FSPU

FUU

FSG

FSR

FP

Faculty
YES

NO

Figure 2.2.1 Percentage of students that taking breakfast in UiTM Shah Alam

Figure 2.2.1 above shows percentage of students that taking breakfast in

UiTM Shah Alam. The data shows that only 58.51% of the 94 questionnaire were
distributed said that they were taking breakfast before go to the class and more than
half of the population in faculty of this. Then, less than half of the population is
41.49% shows that they dont eat breakfast
6

However, the data shows that 100% of students of FP is taking breakfast because
they wake up early morning and eat breakfast before go to class. In ascending order for
students who taking breakfast in UiTM Shah Alam are FSPU with 20.59%, FUU with
64.29%, FSG with 73.91%, and second highest percentage that taking breakfast is Faculty
FSR because they need more energy to use in the morning to do their activities.
Many students do not take seriously about taking breakfast because some students
they rather do not eat than eating breakfast because to lose weight and sleep more in early
morning. Some students also said that eating breakfast is boring and feel okay in the
morning break although they do not take the breakfast.

Morning Class

Sleep More

2.08

31.25

31.25

Nothing to Eat

Not Hungry

Never Eat

21.95

22.73

29.41

12.2
Percentage

12.5

18.18

25

29.41
41.46

18.75

36.36

37.5
35.42

35.29
24.39

22.73

6.25
FSPU

FUU

5.88
FSG

FSR

FP

Faculties

Figure 2.2.3 Percentage on Reasons Why Students Skip Breakfast

Figure 2.2.2 shows the percentage of students that choose not to take breakfast in UiTM
Shah Alam and the reason why they refuse to do so. The surveys show 35.42% of students
from FSPU stated they have class in the early morning while 31.25% are not hungry. As
much 18.75% of students said, they choose to sleep more rather than take breakfast and
12.5% of students have nothing to eat. The rest stated they never eat breakfast. The
majority students with 37.5% in FUU tell they sleep more and its follow by 31.25% stated
they not hungry. While 25% and 6.25%, have nothing to eat and have morning class. The
same reason goes to FSG, FSR and FP. Majority of the survey-distributed shows they sleep
more and the most little reason why they do not take breakfast is have nothing to eat except
FP where 5.88% of their students have morning class and that why they skip taking
breakfast.

Breakfast

Percentage

11.76
8.82

Lunch

Dinner

7.14
7.14

4.35
0

28.57

47.83

I Do Not Know

0
42.86

11.11
0
33.33

55.88
57.14

47.83

57.14

55.56

FSR

FP

23.53
FSPU

FUU

FSG
Faculties

The data shows the percentage of student taking breakfast, lunch, and dinner in per day. In
overall, the data shows that students prefer taking breakfast and lunch more than dinner
because care about healthy diet.
For FSPU students, the highest percentage is taking lunch with 55.88% followed by
breakfast with 23.53%. I do not know and dinner both shows with lowest percentage are
11.76% and 8.82%.
As for FUU students, the higher percentage is breakfast with 57.14% compared to
FSPU students that taking lunch is higher than lunch. Students that taking lunch is 28.57%
only followed by dinner and I do not know shows same percentage with 7,14%.
For FSG students, the data shows they like to take breakfast and lunch both and
shows the same higher percentage with 47.83%. FSG students they do not like to take
dinner because to lose their weight. Only 4.35% they do not know what they like.
Then for FSR students, they have many time to eat breakfast and lunch with 57.14%
and 42.86% rather than dinner and do not know to eat.
Finally, the higher percentage for FP students is taking breakfast more than lunch
with 55.56% and 33.33%. only 11.11% of students do not know what they are taking.
The data shows that the most students only prefer for breakfast and lunch. They do
not like to prefer dinner.

Milk

10.81
2.7

Coffee

5.71
2.86

Tea

Rice

Bread

Egg

2.38
0

26.19

31.25

25.71
45.95
30.95
31.43
13.51
8.11
8.11

8.57
2.86
22.86

10.81
FSPU

FUU

14.29

Others

5.56
0
27.78

16.67
34.38

5.56
16.67

4.76

6.25
6.25

21.43

21.88

27.78

FSG

FSR

FP

Figure 2.2.4 Percentage for Food That Students Having for their Breakfast

From the graph we can see that majority of students from five faculty choose rice as their
breakfast. However, this is different to 45.95% students in FSPU that choose bread as their
breakfast and 27.78% student in FP that choose milk. In FSPU, the less meal that choose
are coffee and tea with only 8.11%. In FUU, only 2.86% of students drink coffee in
morning. The same meal also is a less chosen in FSG and FSR with only 4.76% and 6.25%.
In FP, the less meal chooses is tea with 5.56%.

10

2.3. Summary of Findings

The data shows that most of students will take their breakfast in the morning.
Based on the research it is shown that most of the students will skip breakfast
because of early morning classes, prefer sleep more than take breakfast and nothing
they want to eat as well. However, since the majority of students know breakfast is
the richest meal of the day and they should not skip breakfast.

11

3. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Conclusions
3.1 We can make is that the understandings of take breakfast among students are poor
and majority of student prefer do not take breakfast.
3.2 We can say that majority of students in UiTM have their reason why they do not eat
breakfast, only a small number of students are take breakfast for their routine.
3.3 The majority of students in UiTM have take they breakfast compared just minority
of them do not care about take breakfast.

Recommendations
3.4 We recommend that for those students who do not take breakfast, can get allowance
from our government and a pointer for take care their BMI.
3.5 Instead of choosing meal for breakfast, we recommend that students should try take
different meal for breakfast everyday.
3.6 We can also recommend that just prepare the breakfast and eat went they on the
way to class.

12

REFERENCES
C., P. (2009, August). The Importance of Breakfast. University of Florida , pp. 1-2.
K.S., G. (2011). Whey in Breakfast Foods. Marketing Monograph , 1-12.
R., F. (1987). Setting Your Weight. Virginia: Time-Life Books.

13