Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
8.
and situation.
2.
Know the first vs. second-gen H1 receptor blockers: Firstgen H1 blockers (have antimuscarinic, antiserotonergic, and
alpha-blocking side effects):
Hydroxyzine
Promethazine
Chlorpheniramine
Diphenhydramine
Dimenhydrinate
9.
10.
11.
12.
6.
13.
7.
14.
16.
17.
Axonal conduction:
Space constant (aka length constant)
Time constant: Space (length) constant = a measure of how far
along an axon an electrical impulse can propagate; this value is
increased by myelination
Time constant = time it takes for a change in membrane potential
to achieve 63% of the new value; myelination decreases
membrane capacitance and thus reduces the time constant
(allowing for fasting axonal confuction speed)
Atypical antipsychotics:
MOA?
AE?: MOA: varied effects on serotonin, dopamine, alpha, H1
AE: clozapine and agranulocytosis; ziprasidone and prolonged
QT; quetiapine/olanzapine/clozapine and weight gain (incr risk
for diabetes)
4.
18.
31.
20.
21.
22.
23.
32.
25.
26.
33.
Dissociation =
Extreme forms can result in _?: Temporary, drastic change
in personality, memory, consciousness, or motor behavior to
avoid emotional stress
Extreme forms can result in multiple personality disorder
28.
34.
Drug that can treat bulimia?: SSRI (note this can't be used
30.
for anorexia)
Haloperidol (neuroleptic; old)
2) Fluphenazine, Pimozide, Tetrabenazine (dopamine
antagonists; current DOC)
Clean drug!
29.
Drugs of abuse:
35.
36.
37.
47.
assume the "sick role" (unlike malingering, their goals are not
external incentives).
38.
49.
50.
40.
development (Z Chen)
ALA synthase =
ALA dehydratase =
Uroporphyinogen I synthase (aka porphobilinogen
deaminase) =
Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase =
Ferrochelatase =: ALA synthase = X-linked sideroblastic
anemia
ALA dehydratase = lead poisoning
Uroporphyinogen I synthase (aka porphobilinogen deaminase)
= acute intermittent porphyria (urine will darken upon exposure
to light; acute abdomen; acute psychosis)
Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase = porphyria cutanea tarda
(most common)
Ferrochelatase = lead poisoning
41.
2) Humor
3) Sublimation
4) Suppression
52.
53.
month
43.
44.
45.
55.
56.
46.
Tx: benzos
How long do sx have to last for a diagnosis of PTSD?: >1
42.
57.
58.
69.
60.
Opioid effects:
Intoxication
Overdose
Withdrawal: Post-op constipation and/or resp depression =
opioid intoxication
70.
Splitting =: Belief only in the extremes (i.e. people are either all
71.
62.
72.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
73.
74.
Sx of serotonin syndrome?
Mainstays of treatment?: Muscle rigidity
Hyperthermia
CV collapse
Tx: cooling and benzos (then cyproheptadine--5HT2 receptor
antagonist--if needed)
75.
Sx of TCA overdose?
Treatment for cardiotoxicity?: Tri C's:
1) Cardiotoxicity (treat with NaHCO3)
2) Convulsions
3) Coma
+ Respiratory depression and Hyperpyrexia
63.
76.
77.
87.
88.
pregnant?: Pseudocyesis
89.
80.
81.
83.
92.
93.
94.
95.
Which antidepressant...:
1) Lowers seizure threshold
2) Works well with SSRIs and increases REM sleep
3) Stimulates appetite (weight gain)
4) Can be used for bedwetting in kids
5) AE: priapism: 1) Lowers seizure threshold = bupropion
2) Works well with SSRIs and increases REM sleep = trazodone
3) Stimulates appetite (weight gain) = mirtazepine
4) Can be used for bedwetting in kids = imipramine
5) AE: priapism = trazodone
86.
85.
84.
91.
82.
90.
96.
97.
Which NT is involved in the development of morphine tolerance?: Glutamate: binds/activates NMDA receptors --> incr
phosphorylation of opioid receptors and incr NO levels leading to morphine tolerance
NMDA receptor antagonists like ketamine can block the actions of glutamate and potentially block morphine tolerance from developing.
(Dextromethorphan is another drug that may be able to do this)
98.
99.
Which property of methadone makes it a good substitute for heroin in detoxification of addicts?: Long half-life.
Other properties of methadone: extended, mild withdrawal syndrome (due to concentration in tissues and gradual release); good oral
bioavailability; potent mu receptor agonist with strong analgesic effects; can cause resp depression (just like most other opioids)
100.
You prescribe diazepam to a patient in order to decrease muscle spasticity. You should caution him to avoid which
drug?: Chlorpheniramine (and other first-generation H1 blockers: they have CNS penetration and block both central and peripheral H1
receptors, resulting in sedation)
This would potentiate the sedating effects of benzos, and be dangerous.