Connection with using BOLT

Bolt is one of the connector tool steel profiles, in addition to rivets and
welding. Bolts are commonly used as a means of bolts connecting steel profile is
black-and high-strength bolts. Black bolt consists of two types, namely: Bolts
a fully threaded and threaded bolts that are not full, while the bolt strength
height generally consists of 3 types namely:
Type 1: Bolts are carbon steel,
Type 2: low carbon steel bolts,
Type 3: stainless steel bolts.
Although the bolt is less rigid when compared with the rivets and
weld, but still widely used because it is relatively more practical installation of bolts.
Generally the bolts used to connect steel profiles there are 2
types, namely:
fully threaded bolt
threaded bolt that is not fully

The threaded bolt Full

Full threaded bolts which means starting from the base of the bolt until the end of the bolt
threaded. For more details, see picture 1 below.

fully threaded bolt

Diameter used to calculate the cross-sectional area is = A bolt = .d2
the fully threaded bolts are connector is used as a tool, then the screw bolts
will be at a shear field. For more details, see picture 2
below.

Screw Bolts Located on the Field

Not Fully threaded bolts

Full threaded bolts are not the only part of the bolt is threaded ends.
For more details, see picture 3 below.

Not Fully threaded bolts

Nominal diameter threaded bolt that is not full is the outer diameter of the trunk
bolts. Nominal diameter is the diameter specified on the trade name,
eg M16 bolt means nominal diameter = 16 mm bolts.
Regarding the tensile strength of bolts, you can see in the table steel construction.
For example, the following described bolt strengths of each of the bolts
black-and high-strength bolts. If a black bolt, it is written on the bolt head
4.6 This means that the minimum melt tension bolts = 4 x 6 x 100 = 2400 kg/cm2.
whereas, for high-strength bolts, it is written on the bolt head or the A325
A490. for A325 bolts with a diameter of 16 mm, the tensile strength of bolts =
10 700 kg. To calculate the sectional area of threaded bolts are not fully used pattern = A bolt = .d2

Types of Connections That Use Bolts

There are four types of connection using bolts, namely:
1) Bolt with one wedge (shear stress perpendicular to the axis of the bolt)

bolt with one wedge

2) Bolt with two wedge (shear stress perpendicular to the axis of the bolt)

Bolt with two wedge

3) bolts loaded parallel to its axis

bolts loaded parallel to its axis

4) bolts loaded parallel to the axis and perpendicular to the axis

bolts loaded parallel to the axis and perpendicular to the axis

connection with using rivets

Rivets (paku keling) is one of the connective or steel profiles,
in addition to the bolt in the weld. Rivet consists of a short steel
malleable and bowl-shaped half-sphere. At rivets
in a state of plastic, rivets hit with a hammer so that will be formed
a head again on the other side. And usually, the rivet will
expands so as to fill the entire hole. The use of rivets as
more rigid connective tool when compared with the use of bolts.
Generally the rivets used on steel structures is a nail
rivet installed in the garage and the rivets are installed in the field.
As explained in the introduction, the rivet comprises a
simple from a short steel, malleable and shaped bowl
hemisphere. But it can also head of the rivet is shaped
bonggolan. At the rivets are in a state of plastic, rivets
hit with a hammer so it will form a head again on the side
other, and rivets are expanded and filled the entire hole.

Connector tool with rivets

During the forging process, a bucking tool in place under
head of the rivets on the back side of the connection, to hold the rivet
so as not to move and serve as a foundation. Once forged, a nail
rivet then becomes cold winds and short, this process will pemendekkan
put pressure on the plates to be joined.
In the calculation, the principle of connection by using the same rivets
only with the principle of connection by using bolts. that
distinguishes only voltage permission. To determine the voltage permission
can be seen PPBBI Article 8.3. subsection (1). Unless a combination of shear stress and
allowable tensile stress equal to the combination of shear stress and
tensile stress in bolted connection, namely:

connection with using welds

Welding is one of the ways to connecting steel plates and profiles,
other than using bolts and rivets. If you look today,
most of the connections are done in the workshop using weld,
for example the manufacture of iron railings, iron staircase manufacture or grille. process
welding is usually done manually by using a welding rod
(rod electrode). Rod electrode varies depending on the type
type of steel to be welded, the market is usually called electric welding. In addition there
also by using a gas welding process called weld acetylin
antogen, language market for so-called weld carbide, have you heard?
In steel construction there are usually two kinds of weld, which is weld blunt and
weld angle.

Blunt weld
To connect the plate or weld steel profiles with a blunt there are 4 types of
namely:
rectangular blunt weld : The connection type is only used when
base metal thickness of not more than 5 mm.

Weld Blunt Rectangle

Weld blunt single V: The connection type is not economical when

base metal thickness exceeding 15 mm.

Weld blunt single V

Weld blunt double V: the connection type is more suitable for the entire
conditions.

Weld blunt double V

Weld blunt single U: A connection type is suitable for base metals
a thickness not exceeding 30 mm.

Weld blunt single U

Weld Angles
To connect the plate or steel profiles with weld corners there are 3 types:

Weld corner flat: This type of connection is the connection welds

The most commonly used because it provides the same power
with the use of fewer electrodes.

Weld corner flat

Weld concave angles: The use of electrodes more than

by weld a flat angle.

Weld concave angles

Weld convex corners: Use more of the same electrodes as

weld concave corners.

Weld convex corners