Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
[hide]
(MonoDevelop)
1.5.79 Cmo instalar Java Integrated Development Environment
(Eclipse)
1.5.80 Cmo instalar herramienta de Modelo 3d (Blender 3d)
1.5.81 Cmo instalar el juego Tuxracer
1.5.82 Cmo instalar el juego Frozen-Bubble
1.5.83 Cmo instalar el juego Scorched3D
1.5.84 Cmo instalar el juego de estrategia en tiempo real
(globulation 2 alpha21)
1.5.85 Cmo instalar planetario virtual (Stellarium)
1.5.86 Cmo instalar Google Toolbar para Firefox
1.5.87 Cmo instalar Google Earth
1.5.88 Cmo instalar aplicaciones de educacin KDE
1.5.89 Cmo instalar Internet Explorer + Flash 9 (IEs4Linux)
1.5.90 Cmo instalar Python Development Tools
1.5.91 Cmo instalar aplicaciones de Windows en Linux (Wine)
1.5.92 Cmo instalar a Drop Down Terminal like in First Person
Shooters (tilda)
1.6 Otros Entornos de Escritorio
1.6.1 Cmo instalar KDE
1.6.2 Cmo instalar XFCE
1.6.3 Cmo instalar XFCE 4.4 RC2
1.6.4 Cmo instalar FluxBox
1.6.4.1 Arrancalo cuando entres a travs de GDM
1.6.4.2 Haz el sonido mejor
1.7 Eye Candy
1.7.1 Cmo instalar Xgl/Compiz (Nvidia)
1.7.2 Cmo instalar Xgl/Beryl (ATI)
1.7.3 Cmo instalar Beryl/AIGLX (Nvidia)
1.7.4 Cmo instalar Beryl/AIGLX (Intel i915)
1.7.5 Cmo instalar una imagen de arranque alternativa
1.8 Aplicaciones Comerciales
1.8.1 Cmo instalar Windows 9X/ME/2000/XP (Win4Lin)
1.8.2 Cmo instalar Apliaciones de Windows (CrossOver Office)
1.8.3 Cmo instalar juegos de Windows (Cedega)
1.9 Administracin de Usuarios
1.9.1 Cmo fijar/cambiar/habilitar el password del usuario root
1.9.2 Cmo deshabilitar la cuenta del usuario root
1.9.3 Cmo permitir al usuario root logearse a GNOME
1.9.4 Cmo cambiar al usuario root en modo Consola
1.9.5 Cmo aadir/editar/borrar usuarios en el sistema
1.9.6 Cmo aadir/editar/borrar grupos en el sistema
1.9.7 Cmo logearse automticamente a GNOME (no seguro)
1.9.8 Cmo permitir ms sudoers
1.9.9 Cmo utilizar "sudo" sin preguntar por el password (no seguro)
1.9.10 Cmo destruir explicitamente la sesin "sudo"
1.17 TipsAndTricks
1.17.1 How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer
1.17.2 How to turn on Num Lock on GNOME startup
1.17.3 How to remap the Caps Lock key as another Control key
1.17.3.1 In the Console
1.17.3.2 In X Windows
1.17.4 How to run programs on startup when login into GNOME
1.17.5 How to speed-up your Ubuntu box
1.17.6 How to switch to Console mode in GNOME
1.17.7 How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Backspace from restarting X in
GNOME
1.17.8 How to enable Ctrl+Alt+Del to open System Monitor in
GNOME
1.17.9 How to refresh GNOME desktop
1.17.10 How to refresh GNOME panel
1.17.11 How to enable autosave in Gedit and disable creation of
some_file~ files
1.17.12 How to show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus
1.17.13 How to browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus
1.17.14 How to change default file type "Open with" program
1.17.15 How to change preferred email client to Mozilla Thunderbird
1.17.16 How to open files as root user via right click
1.17.17 How to disable beep sound in Terminal mode
1.17.18 How to handle mss protocol in Mozilla Firefox
1.17.19 How to handle rtsp (realmedia) protocol in Mozilla Firefox
1.17.20 How to load Web site faster in Mozilla Firefox
1.17.21 How to disable beep sound for link find function in Mozilla
Firefox
1.17.22 How to apt-get the easy way (Synaptic)
1.17.23 What packages do the extra repositories provide
1.17.24 How to install/uninstall .deb files
1.17.25 How to find out which version of a package I have installed
1.17.26 How to convert .rpm files to .deb files
1.17.27 How to compile .deb files from source
1.17.28 How to rename all files in directory at once
1.17.29 How to manipulate all image files in directory at once
1.17.30 How to set System-wide Environment Variables
1.17.31 How to save "man" outputs into files
1.17.32 How to hide GRUB menu on boot-up
1.17.33 How to change the timeout seconds for GRUB menu on
boot-up
1.17.34 How to change default Operating System boot-up for GRUB
menu
1.17.35 How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up
1.17.36 How to convert Wallpaper to Splash Image for GRUB menu
1.17.37 How to display only one kernel on GRUB menu
1.17.38 How to force GDM to system beep when login screen ready
1.17.39 How to temporary skip boot-up services
1.17.40 How to permanently disable/enable boot-up services
1.17.41 How to clean /tmp/ folder contents on shutdown
1.17.42 How to scroll up and down to view previous outputs in
Console mode
1.17.43 How to find out which version of Ubuntu I am using
1.17.44 How to set up (automatic) background/wallpaper-changer
application for GNOME
1.17.45 How to set up automatic background change (KDE)
1.17.46 How to add keyboard layouts for other languages
1.17.47 How to add keyboard layouts toggle for other languages
(Xfce)
1.17.48 How to add the Keyboard (Layout) Indicator applet
1.17.49 How to type extended characters
1.17.50 How to set the Compose key to type special characters
1.17.51 How to install ubuntu-title font used in Ubuntu logo
1.17.52 How to associate Adobe Reader with files in Nautilus
1.17.53 How to print from Adobe Reader
1.17.54 How to pull apart and combine pdf files
1.17.55 How to remove jedit when Synaptic package manager fails
after install
1.17.56 How to compile a kernel the Ubuntu Way
1.17.57 How to add locales to Ubuntu the command line way
Notas Generales
1. Esta es una Guia no Oficial de Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) para principiantes. No esta
asociada con Ubuntu ni con Canonical Ltd.
2. Esta guia puede ser discutida en el UbuntuGuide.org Foro oficial en
ubuntuforums.org. Pasa y unete a la discusion.
3. Si ve una caja azulada, significa que tiene que ejecutar los comandos desde un
Terminal (Aplicaciones -> Accesorios -> Terminal) o usar el contenido de esa caja
como lo mencionan en las instrucciones.
4. Para reducir errores de escritura, copie y pegue los comandos en la Terminal (click
con el boton derecho->"Copiar" o "Pegar". Tambien puede usar Ctrl+C para copiar
y Shift+Insert para pegar)
5. El comando "sudo" significa "superuser do" (= "superusuario haz"). El comando
"sudo" le va a pedir una clave; escriba la clave de su usuario.
6. Si desea saber ms informacion sobre un comando, simplemente utilice el manual
de ayuda usando el comando "man". Por ejemplo, "man sudo" muestra el manual
del comando "sudo".
7. Si se cansa de tipear "apt-get" todo el tiempo, lea #How to apt-get the easy way
(Synaptic)
8. Los comandos "apt-get" y "wget" necesitan una conexin de Internet para
instalar/actualizar/descargar programas.
9. Para descargar un archivo, presione el boton derecho del mouse sobre link y
seleccione "Save Link As..."; asegurese de que el nombre y la extensin del archivo
sean correctos.
10. Si desea ayudar a traducir Ubuntu o ayudar a Ubuntu en qualquier otra manera,
visite: https://launchpad.net/
11. Que el el espritu de la "humanidad para los otros" te acompae......
Comenzando
Qu es Ubuntu
http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/EdgyEft
Dnde encontrar una lista de todas los programas/librerias que vienen con Ubuntu
http://www.ubuntu.com/products/GetUbuntu/download?action=show&redirect=do
wnload
https://shipit.ubuntu.com
There will be no Edgy Eft ShipIt CDs (Announcement), instead you can still obtain Ubuntu
6.06 Dapper Drake LTS CDs via ShipIt.
Por favor, fijese en que los cds tardan entre cuatro y seis semanas en ser entregados. Te
animamos a que copies, modifiques y distribuyas los discos tanto como sea posible.
Dnde encontrar ayuda para Ubuntu
http://gnomefiles.org/
http://www.kde-apps.org/
http://freshmeat.net
http://sourceforge.net/
http://www.gnome-look.org/
http://www.kde-look.org/
http://art.gnome.org/
Use
Guarde el archivo
Tambin puede substituir su sources.list con sources.list para Edgy Eft por Trevio
- USALO BAJO TU PROPIA RESPONSABILIDAD.
Modifique el sources.list por defecto slo si sabe lo que est haciendo. Mezclar
repositorios puede provocar errores
Actualizaciones de Ubuntu
Cmo actualizar manualmente Ubuntu
O
Use Update Manager: Sistema -> Administracin -> Update Manager
Aplicaciones
Cmo instalar EasyUbuntu
Abra desde un terminal Menu -> Accessorios -> Terminal y ejecute los siguientes
comandos:
wget http://easyubuntu.freecontrib.org/files/easyubuntu-3.023.tar.gz
tar -zxf easyubuntu-3.023.tar.gz
cd easyubuntu
cp packagelist-dapper.pot packagelist-edgy.pot
cp packagelist-dapper.xml packagelist-edgy.xml
sudo python easyubuntu.in
Desde la ventana de Easy Ubuntu, marque las cajas apropiadas para descargar e
instalar contenido a Ubuntu.
Nota: Los usuarios de la versin previa EasyUbuntu 3.0 pueden experimentar
problemas en la instalacin de Flash y Java.
Si le gustara hacer actualizaciones automticas, siga estas instrucciones:
En Kubuntu:
sudo kate /etc/apt/sources.list
En Xubuntu:
gksudo mousepad /etc/apt/sources.list
## Automatix repo
deb http://www.getautomatix.com/apt edgy main
wget http://www.getautomatix.com/apt/key.gpg.asc
gpg --import key.gpg.asc
gpg --export --armor 521A9C7C | sudo apt-key add -
Actualizar APT
automatix2
Elige "Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 5.0 Update 9" y click en "Download"
Aceptar el acuerdo de licencia
Descargar "Linux self-extracting file"
Cmo instalar Flash Player (Macromedia Flash) Plug-in para Mozilla Firefox
Nota: si obtiene un mensaje de error indicando paquete no encontrado, intentelo con Gnash
(GNU Flash substitute)
sudo apt-get install libflash-mozplugin
Nota: si firefox quiebra cuando visita una pgina con contenido flash, haga lo siguiente:
sudo gedit /usr/bin/firefox
Cambia:
FIREFOX_DSP=""
Por:
FIREFOX_DSP="aoss"
Cmo actualizar Flash Player 9 Beta (Macromedia Flash) Plug-in para Mozilla
Firefox
Nota: Programa incluido en Automatix2. Si ya has usado Automatix2, este programa debe
haber sido instalado
wget
http://download.macromedia.com/pub/labs/flashplayer9_update/FP9_plugin_be
ta_101806.tar.gz
tar xvzf FP9_plugin_beta_101806.tar.gz
sudo cp flash-player-plugin-9.0.21.55/libflashplayer.so
/usr/lib/flashplugin-nonfree/
Cmo instalar PDF Reader (Adobe Reader) con Plug-in para Mozilla Firefox
Nota: Adobe Reader 7.0 no funcionara si SCIM se esta ejecutando. Se ejecuta SCIM si has
instalado otro lenguaje en Ubuntu via Sistema -> Administracion -> Soporte Lenguage.
Para sortear esto, haz lo siguiente
gksudo gedit /usr/bin/acroread
Cambia:
#!/bin/sh
#
Por:
#!/bin/sh
#
GTK_IM_MODULE=xim
Check here for Ubuntu Wallpapers You want to make your ubuntu desktop more Colourful
and Beautiful this is for you
Cmo instalar un cliente FTP (gFTP)
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/linuxdcpp.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf linuxdcpp.tar.gz -C /opt
gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/linuxdcpp.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=LinuxDC++
Exec=linuxdcpp
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Icon=/opt/linuxdcpp/pixmaps/linuxdcpp.png
Categories=Application;Network;
El siguiente mtodo instala una version de Azureus compilado con gcj, la alternativa libre
al Java de Sun.
wget
http://kent.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/azureus/Azureus_2.5.0.0_linux.
tar.bz2
sudo tar jxvf Azureus_2.5.0.0_linux.tar.bz2 -C /opt/
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/azureus.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Azureus
Comment=Java BitTorrent Client
Exec=/opt/azureus/azureus
Icon=/opt/azureus/Azureus.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;
Nota: Programa incluido en Automatix2. Si ya has usado Automatix2, este programa debe
haber sido instalado
wget -c http://www.users.on.net/~stubby/FrostWire-4.10.9-2.i586.deb
sudo dpkg -i FrostWire-4.10.9-2.i586.deb
Con Edgy Skype no va estar incluido en los repositorios de Ubuntu nunca ms.
[Desktop Entry]
Name=LinPopUp
Comment=LinPopUp
Exec=linpopup
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/linpopup.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Utility;
Stubby: gstreamer dvd plugin not ported to dapper yet. following instructions will not work
properly
#TIM_ALSASEQ=true
snd-seq-device
snd-seq-midi
snd-seq-oss
snd-seq-midi-event
snd-seq
Resetear tu ordenador
Cmo instalar Reproductor Multimedia (VLC) con plug-in para Mozilla Firefox
Para streaming de video a travs de vlc, tambin necesitars los siguientes paquetes.
Cmo instalar Reproductor Multimedia (Totem) con plug-in para Mozilla Firefox
Primero baja este shell script from Psychocats.net Abre un terminal y escribe estos
comandos uno por uno.
cd Desktop
chmod +x installsongbird.sh
./installsongbird.sh
Borralo si usas esto shell script y usa las mismas instrucciones que usaste para instalarlo
pero songbird pero sustituye install por remove.
Cmo instalar Reproductor Multimedia (amaroK)
Nota: 'realplay' instala RealPlayer 10 desde el repositorio PLF, el cual debe ser
habilitado si sigues esta guia. 'realplayer' instala RealPlayer 8 desde multiverse.
Tambin ser necesario instalar todos los plugins para que automaticamente se
puedan ver los videos empotrados en Firefox.
Para evitar parpadeo o que la pantalla se pone negra cuando cambias de ventana, ir a
RealPlayer 10 -> Tools -> Preferences -> Hardware -> Uncheck XVideo
Fuente Alternativa
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
install
install
install
install
kino
kinoplus
kino-timfx
kino-dvtitler
[Desktop Entry]
Name=NoteEdit
Comment=A free music score editor
Exec=noteedit
Icon=/usr/share/app-install/icons/noteedit.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;AudioVideo;
Guarda el fichero.
Aplicaciones -> Sonido & Video -> NoteEdit
[Desktop Entry]
Name=dvd::rip
Comment=dvd::rip
Exec=dvdrip
Icon=/usr/share/perl5/Video/DVDRip/icon.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;AudioVideo;
Nota: AcidRip no reconocera dvd si el dma esta activado. De ser as deshaz el proceso
#How to speed up CD/DVD-ROM.
Cmo instalar CD Ripper (Goobox)
[Desktop Entry]
Name=CD Player & Ripper
Comment=Play and extract CDs
Exec=goobox
Icon=goobox.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;AudioVideo;
Guarda el fichero
wget
http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/pculture.org/democracy/linux/ubuntu/democracypl
ayer-data_0.9.0.2-1ubuntupcf_all.deb
wget
http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/pculture.org/democracy/linux/ubuntu/democracypl
ayer_0.9.0.2-1ubuntupcf_i386.deb
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo dpkg -i democracyplayer-data_0.9.0.2-1ubuntupcf_all.deb
sudo apt-get install mozilla-browser mozilla-psm mozilla-dev
sudo dpkg -i democracyplayer_0.9.0.2-1ubuntupcf_i386.deb
wget
http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/pculture.org/democracy/linux/ubuntu/democracypl
ayer-data_0.9.0.2-1ubuntupcf_all.deb
wget
http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/pculture.org/democracy/linux/ubuntu/democracypl
ayer_0.9.0.2-1ubuntupcf_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo dpkg -i democracyplayer-data_0.9.0.2-1ubuntupcf_all.deb
sudo apt-get install mozilla-browser mozilla-psm mozilla-dev
sudo dpkg -i democracyplayer_0.9.0.2-1ubuntupcf_amd64.deb
Para conseguir soporte de ms formatos se necesita tener instalados libxineextracodecs (compruebalo Restricted Formats para ms informacin)
o usa un procedimiento alternativo: doble click (o botn derecho y selecciona "Abrir con
gdebi") en el fichero deb as son abiertos con gdebi, primero democracyplayerdata_0.9.0.2-1ubuntupcf_all.deb y despus de eso democracyplayer_0.9.0.21ubuntupcf_i386.deb (si tienes un procesador de 32 bits) o democracyplayer_0.9.0.21ubuntupcf_amd64.deb (si tienes un procesador de 64 bits)
NOTA: Tu puedes y debes instalar el programa como usuario, nunca como root. Esto es
compatible con el segundo mtodo.
Cmo instalar navegador web Opera
wget
http://ftp.wayne.edu/opera/linux/902/final/en/i386/shared/opera_9.0220060919.6-shared-qt_en_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i opera_9.02-20060919.6-shared-qt_en_i386.deb
Para conseguir que java funcione ve a Herramientas->Preferencias->Avanzado>Contenido-> Activa "Enable Java". Click en el botn de "Enable Java..." y escribe
"/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-sun/jre/lib/i386" (for sun java) en la nueva ventana y haz
click en el botn de "Validate Java Path".
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin.tar.gz -C /opt/
sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin/
gksudo gedit /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh
export MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME=/usr/lib/mozilla-firefox
export
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:${MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME}:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}
cd /opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin/
./run.sh
[Desktop Entry]
Name=RSSOwl
Comment=RSSOwl
Exec=runRSSOwl.sh
Icon=/opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin/rssowl.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;
wget -c
http://optusnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/jedit/jedit_4.3pre6_all.de
b
sudo dpkg -i jedit_4.3pre6_all.deb
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Eqonomize!
Comment=Personal Accounting Software
Exec=eqonomize %i %m -caption "%c"
Terminal=false
Type=Application
MimeType=application/x-eqonomize
Categories=Application;Office;
X-DCOP-ServiceType=Unique
X-DCOP-ServiceName=eqonomize
X-KDE-StartupNotify=true
Comment=Personal finances manager / bookkeeping software
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=desktop_eqonomize
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/rp-pppoe-3.6.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf rp-pppoe-3.6.tar.gz -C /opt/
sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rp-pppoe-3.6/
gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/RP-PPPoE.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Name=RP-PPPoE
Comment=RP-PPPoE
Exec=gksudo /opt/rp-pppoe-3.6/go-gui
Icon=pppoeconf.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Nessus
Comment=Nessus
Exec=nessus
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/nessus.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;System;
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
xfonts-intl-arabic
xfonts-intl-asian
xfonts-intl-chinese
xfonts-intl-chinese-big
xfonts-intl-european
xfonts-intl-japanese
xfonts-intl-japanese-big
xfonts-intl-phonetic
gsfonts-x11
msttcorefonts
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
sudo
wget
sudo
sudo
sudo
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Scorched 3D
Comment=A 3D Remake Of Scorched Earth
Exec=scorched3d
Icon=
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Game;ArcadeGame;
Tambin debes tener las dependencias instaladas si dpkg devuelve un error de dependencia
sudo apt-get -f install
wget -c http://dl.google.com/earth/GE4/GoogleEarthLinux.bin
sudo sh GoogleEarthLinux.bin
sudo cp /usr/local/google-earth/googleearth.desktop
/usr/share/applications/
Esto instala una versin de wine de Internet Explorer 6 con Flash 9, as como IE 5.5/5.01 si
realmente los quieres.
wget http://www.tatanka.com.br/ies4linux/downloads/ies4linuxlatest.tar.gz
tar zxvf ies4linux-latest.tar.gz
cd ies4linux-*
./ies4linux
No ejecutes esto como root (no sudo), esto puede causar que funcione mal el script y
arruinar tu configuracin X.
Cmo instalar Python Development Tools
Cmo instalar a Drop Down Terminal like in First Person Shooters (tilda)
The default keybinding is F1. To change the default keybinding, either enter tilda -C
at the terminal, or right click on the tilda terminal then click Preferences. While in
preferences, you can change other things such as transparency, font, size, and
window size.
exec /usr/local/bin/fluxbox
Escucha felizamente.
Eye Candy
Cmo instalar Xgl/Compiz (Nvidia)
Para una informacin completa sobre cmo instalar XGL sobre diferentes tarjetas y
algunos trucos mira: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=148351
Section "Module"
Load
"i2c"
Load
"bitmap"
...
Load
"type1"
Load
"vbe"
EndSection
#
#
"dri"
"GLcore"
"glx"
Section "Device"
Identifier
Driver
BusID
EndSection
Sustituye por las siguientes lineas, dejando el Identifier y BusID como esto
Section "Device"
...
Driver
...
Option
Option
EndSection
"RenderAccel"
"true"
"AllowGLXWithComposite" "true"
"Default Screen"
"NVIDIA Corporation NV34M [GeForce FX Go5200]"
"Generic Monitor"
16
"nvidia"
Section "Screen"
Identifier
Device
Monitor
DefaultDepth
24
[daemon]
[security]
[xdmcp]
[gui]
[greeter]
[chooser]
[debug]
[servers]# Override display 1 to use Xgl
0=Xgl
[server-Xgl]
name=Xgl server
command=/usr/bin/Xgl :0 -fullscreen -ac -accel glx:pbuffer -accel xv:fbo
flexible=true
Inserta las siguiente lineas en un nuevo fichero. Sustituye .us por el valor apropiado
de teclado de tu regin. Ejemplo .gb para el Reino Unido, .sp para Espaa. Para una
lista de valores de teclado, escribe ls /usr/share/xmodmap en un terminal. Si no
estas seguro, deja .us (Stados Unidos)
#!/bin/bash
gnome-window-decorator & compiz --replace gconf decoration wobbly fade
minimize cube rotate zoom scale move resize place switcher &
xmodmap /usr/share/xmodmap/xmodmap.us
Guarda el fichero
thefuture
/usr/bin/thefuture
o
o
Resolucin de problemas
o Si Xgl/Compiz no parece funcionar, o obtienes errores, simplemente reinicia
despus de aadir "thefuture" a los programas del comienzo.
o Si al mover ventanas se relentiza el sistema, ejecuta gconf-editor desde el
terminal. Busca apps/compiz/general/screen0/options. Desabilita
detect_refresh_rate y establece refresh rate a 60. Todo debera funcionar
ahora...
o Si estas usando el teclado que no viene por defecto (otro lenguaje), tendras
que revertirlo si el teclado se comporta de forma rar en
Sistema/Opciones/Teclado
o Tambin puedes mapear la tecla Super en la tecla windows aqu.
o Si no quieres "panel extendido de botones", escribe "killall gnome-panel" en
una terminal.
Atajos
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Primero asegurate de que tienes aceleracin 3d en una sesion normal de gnome. Hay
muchas guias para esto, si necesitas alguna ayuda con esto Google puede ayudarte. As que
si glxinfo muestra direct rendering: yes , entonces puedes hacerlo. Si no xgl y Beryl no
funcionaran!
Actualiza tu sistema
Aade al script
Xgl -fullscreen :1 -ac -accel glx:pbuffer -accel xv:pbuffer & sleep 2 &&
DISPLAY=:1
# Start GNOME
exec gnome-session
Aade a la sesin
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=XGl
Exec=/usr/bin/startxgl.sh
Icon=
Type=Application
Aade
beryl
emerald
Reinicia
En el gestor de login ahora puedes elegir una sesin llamada Xgl
Responde a la pregunta que quieres usar Xgl solo para esta sesin solo (Si algo sale
mal la prxima vez entraras usando una la sesin de siempre
Si todo va bien, puedes establecerla como por defecto, recuerda que siempre puedes
entrar en una sesin normal de gnome si quieres.
Si posees una radeon de la serie X y tienes problemas, lee este post:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=150854
Nota para todas las tarjetas: glxinfo mostrar que direct rendering no va, no te preocupes
eso es normal cuando tu estas ejecutando xgl.
Cmo instalar Beryl/AIGLX (Nvidia)
(De Ubuntu Forums)
Aade repositorios
Aade clave
Instala Beryl
Option
"TripleBuffer" "true"
beryl-manager
emerald --replace
Si la salida pone No, comprueba que tienes el gestor dedirect rendering cargado:
lsmod|grep 915
21632
74644
9152
3
4 i915
0
Si solo muestra la linea tsdev, puedes intentar configurar xsorg.conf con el driver i810,
reinicia, CTRL-ALT-F1 en una sesin con terminal y configurar xorg.conf, para volver a
usar i915. Eso me ayudo.
Cmo instalar una imagen de arranque alternativa
wget -c http://www.users.on.net/~stubby/usplash-minimalistic_0.1.deb
sudo dpkg -i usplash-minimalistic_0.1.deb
sudo update-alternatives --config usplash-artwork.so
Aplicaciones Comerciales
Cmo instalar Windows 9X/ME/2000/XP (Win4Lin)
http://www.win4lin.com
http://www.codeweavers.com
http://www.transgaming.com
Administracin de Usuarios
Cmo fijar/cambiar/habilitar el password del usuario root
Security Tab -> Security -> Allow root to login with GDM (Checked)
sudo -s -H
Password: <especificar password de usuario>
tambin
sudo useradd jim
man usermod
NOT General Tab anymore should be securitynot sure because I am not using a English
Version-----firingstone
Cmo permitir ms sudoers
...
sudo -K
Hardware
Activar los botones laterales del ratn en Firefox
Aadir dos lneas a xorg.conf activar los botones laterales del ratn en Firefox. Esto
debera funcionar con la mayora de los ratones de 5 botones. Aqu hay una lista de los
ratones que han funcionado con estas instrucciones.
Logitech MX510
Logitech MX518
Logitech MX700
Intellimouse Explorer (primera edicin)
Encuentre la seccin Input Device para su ratn y aada dos lneas como se muestra abajo.
Puede tambin incrementar el nmero de botones si su ratn tiene ms de 7; basta con
corregir el resto de la seccin basndose en el nmero de botones (recuerde que
atrs/adelante, clic de rueda e inclinacin izquierda/derecha cuentan todos como botones)
Cambie:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Configured Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "CorePointer"
...
Option "Protocol" "ExplorerPS/2"
...
Option "Emulate3Buttons"
"true"
EndSection
a:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Configured Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "CorePointer"
...
Option "Protocol" "ExplorerPS/2"
...
Option "Emulate3Buttons"
"true"
Option "Buttons" "7"
Option "ButtonMapping" "1 2 3 6 7"
EndSection
En este punto puede reiniciar su ordenador o reiniciar GNOME (Ctrl + Alt + Retroceso)
para ver si sus botones atrs/adelante funcionan en Firefox. Seguirn sin funcionar en
Nautilus hasta que instale el demonio imwheel.
Instalar y configurar IMWheel
Instalar IMWheel
".*"
None, Up, Alt_L|Left
None, Down, Alt_L|Right
"(null)"
None, Up, Alt_L|Left
None, Down, Alt_L|Right
#!/bin/sh
exec xmodmap -e "pointer = 1 2 3 6 7 4 5" &
exec imwheel -k -b "67" &
exec $REALSTARTUP
libXvMCNVIDIA_dynamic.so.1
Para usar XVMC para la aceleracin de video, usa los siguientes indicadores. Mira
[[2]] para ms detalles.
wget http://albertomilone.com/drivers/tseliot.asc
gpg --import tseliot.asc
gpg --export --armor albertomilone@alice.it | sudo apt-key add
Actualiza e instala
[Desktop Entry]
Name=NVIDIA Settings
Comment=NVIDIA Settings
Exec=nvidia-settings
Icon=
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;System;
How to setup pivot (screen rotation) with default X.org NVIDIA drivers
Some LCD monitors are equipped with the pivot feature, to take advantage of it the
display has to be rotated 90 degrees. The default nVidia drivers shipped with X.org
("nv") support software screen rotation. Note that it's unaccelerated and can be slow,
read #How to install Graphics Driver (NVIDIA) if you decide to install the
proprietary driver.
If you have the proprietary drivers from nVidia installed, please read #How to setup
pivot (screen rotation) with proprietary NVIDIA drivers instead.
To rotate the screen find the "Device" section for the "nv" driver in the
/etc/X11/xorg.conf file:
Section "Device"
Identifier
Driver
Where the "Rotate" option has two possible values (depending on the orientation of the
monitor):
Some LCD monitors are equipped with the pivot feature, to take advantage of it the
display has to be rotated 90 degrees. The proprietary nVidia drivers support
hardware rotation with the Xrandr extension.
To enable rotation support find the "Device" section for the "nvidia" driver in the
/etc/X11/xorg.conf file:
Section "Device"
Identifier
Driver
"RandRRotation" "on"
Then the display can be rotated (direction depends on the orientation of the monitor)
by:
1. Setting the "Rotation" property to either "Left" or "Right" in the "System >
Preferences > Screen Resolution" dialog.
2. Issuing either "xrandr -o left" or "xrandr -o right" command.
...
Section "Device"
Identifier
Driver
BusID
"PCI:1:0:0"
...
Option
"NoLogo"
wget -c http://downloadmirror.intel.com/df-support/8211/eng/dri-I915v1.1-20041217.i386.rpm
sudo alien dri-I915-v1.1-20041217.i386.rpm
sudo dpkg -i dri-i915_v1.1-20041218_i386.deb
Read #How to enable Large Widescreen Support if you have a larger (>20")
monitor
Intel 915g, 945g, etc. graphics chipsets only have a limited set of resolutions
initially installed, despite the correct driver being detected.
Install the resolution altering tool:
915resolution -l
Choose a resolution you don't need and replace, for example the following changes
1920x1440 to 1920x1200
This should add the option for that resolution to the "System>Preferences>Screen
Resolution" tool.
If it works correctly then you can make the change permanent:
exit 0
if [ -r /proc/mounts ] ; then
if grep -q "/dev devfs" /proc/mounts ; then
echo "You do not need to run this script as your system uses devfs."
exit;
fi
fi
i=0;
while [ $i -lt $NUMBER ] ; do
echo /dev/i2c-$i
mknod -m $MODE /dev/i2c-$i c 89 $i || exit
chown "$OUSER:$OGROUP" /dev/i2c-$i || exit
i=$[$i + 1]
done
#end of file
If you can control fan speeds, great. Now creat a file called /etc/init.d/fancontrol, and paste
in the following
#!/bin/sh
#
# Fancontrol start script.
#
set -e
# Defaults
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/fancontrol
PIDFILE=/var/run/fancontrol-pid
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
test -f $DAEMON || exit 0
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
case "$1" in
start)
log_begin_msg "Starting fancontrol daemon..."
start-stop-daemon --start -o -q -m -b -p $PIDFILE -x
$DAEMON
log_end_msg $?
;;
stop)
log_begin_msg "Stopping fancontrol daemon..."
start-stop-daemon --stop -o -q -p $PIDFILE
log_end_msg $?
;;
force-reload|restart)
sh $0 stop
sh $0 start
;;
*)
log_success_msg "Usage: /etc/init.d/fancontrol
{start|stop|restart|force-reload}"
log_success_msg " start - starts system-wide fancontrol
service"
log_success_msg " stop - stops system-wide fancontrol
service"
log_success_msg " restart, force-reload - starts a new
system-wide fancontrol service"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
Make it excutable
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/fancontrol
Test it
/etc/init.d/fancontrol start
and
/etc/init.d/fancontrol stop
If it works fine, autoload it when you reboot. Insert the following line into /etc/rc.local,
before "exit 0"
/etc/init.d/fancontrol start
Ejecute el programa
Aplicaciones -> Herramientas del Sistema -> GKrellM
Aadir una alerta de sonido (paso opcional): Aqu est cmo reproducir un mensaje de
sonido cuando la CPU est demasiado caliente o un ventilador falla. Primero necesitas
encontrar o grabar tus propios archivos de sonido de alerta. (Uso Audacity para grabar los
mos.) Luego ves a:
Configuracin -> Builtins folder (Lado izquierdo) -> Sensores ->
Temperatures folder (Lado derecho)-> CPU -> Botn Alertas
Pega UNA de las siguientes lneas en un terminal primero para probar el sonido. Si tienes
dos tarjetas de sonido, puedes usar la opcin "-ao oss:/dev/dsp1" para dirigir el sonido a la
segunda tarjeta. Modifica la ruta del archivo y el nombre para que apunten al archivo
correcto. Si puedes or el sonido, entonces copia esa lnea a un campo de texto de lnea de
comando en la ventana de Alertas de GKrellM's.
mplayer /home/myfolder/alert_messages/heat_alert.mp3
mplayer -ao oss:/dev/dsp1 /home/myfolder/alert_messages/heat_alert.mp3
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/scanModem.gz
gunzip -c scanModem.gz > scanModem
chmod +x scanModem
sudo cp scanModem /usr/bin/
sudo scanModem
gedit Modem/ModemData.txt
Remove the acx module if found. It could also be acx_pci or similar. Please Note:
New kernel updates will auto load the acx module again. So repeat the following
two commands every time the kernel is updated.
Install ndiswrapper and drivers (due to a bug in Edgy, you need to specify
ndiswrapper-utils-1.8)
sudo ndiswrapper -l
sudo modprobe ndiswrapper
sudo ndiswrapper -m
gksudo gedit /etc/modules
ndiswrapper
Now you can configure your wireless card with ifconfig and iwconfig.
e.g. Supposing wlan0 is your wireless device.
You sould now be able to see the MAC address of the access point and signal rate.
The Broadcom 43xx (bcm43xx) wireless chipset is one of the most common
chipsets, so special scripts have been written for it.
Only follow this if you have a bcm43xx device. To check in the Terminal type:
you have a Broadcom wireless chipset. Please proceed with the instructions.
Put the Ubuntu CD that you installed Ubuntu with in the CD drive.
Download this to the desktop (the Firefox default, so if you haven't changed it, that's
where it went/will go).
In a terminal type
Your wireless chipset should now work. Try rebooting if you have problems. Please see
this thread if you have problems:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=197102&highlight=install+ndiswrapper
How to enable WPA with Ndiswrapper driver
First, make sure the Ndiswrapper driver works by itself without encryption.
Create a file called /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf, and paste in the following. Modify the
ssid and psk values.
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
network={
ssid="YourWiFiSSID"
psk="YourWiFiPassword"
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
proto=WPA
pairwise=TKIP
}
Reboot
sudo fdisk -l
df -T -h
mount
lspci
lsusb
/dev/cdrom {
dma = on
}
sudo mount -a
1. Usando el Gestor de paquetes Synaptic, compruebe que los paquetes xserverxorg-input-wacom y wacom-tools esten instalados - si no, instalelos. Si prefiere usar
la linea de comando puede ejecutar lo siguiente:
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-wacom wacom-tools
Debera estar todo listo una vez haya reiniciado X. Recuerde configurar los
"Dispositivos de entrada extendidos" en su aplicacin grfica (Gimp, Inkscape), no
obstante puede comprobar directamente si est funcionando moviendo su lpiz
sobre la tableta, debera moverse el cursor del ratn.
Starting Edgy, you no longer need to do this. Just use the default linux-generic and
you will get SMP support automatically. This section can and should be ignored.
This should work for both Multicore systems and SMP systems
You can check that this works by running the following and seeing two CPUs listed
cat /proc/cpuinfo
Modeline
"1920x1200" 154 1920 1968 2000 2080 1200 1203 1209 1235
Section "Monitor"
Identifier
Option
Modeline
1235
EndSection
"hp L2335"
"DPMS"
"1920x1200" 154 1920 1968 2000 2080 1200 1203 1209
How to setup the surround speakers (5.1 and others) with ALSA
gedit ~/.asoundrc
pcm.!default {
type plug
slave.pcm "surround51"
slave.channels 6
route_policy duplicate
}
This will allow to play the surround output and duplicate the stereo output to all 6
channels (not only front ones).
Apple Mighty Mouse works out of the box, this how to should cover setting up of
horizontal scrolling using ball and sidebuttons.
This is placeholder only. Please, provide working howto.
How to change default soundcard
Switch soundcard with 'example' being the name of the preferred soundcard
Grabacin de CD/DVD
Cmo borrar CD-RW/DVD-RW
nautilus burn:///
md5sum -c file.iso.md5
Red
sudo pppconfig
sudo poff
sudo pppoeconf
Pestaa General -> Configuracin del host -> Nombre del equipo:
Especificar un nombre para el ordenador
...
server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
...
sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
...
workgroup = MSHOME
...
workgroup = new_domain_or_workgroup
sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Cmo asignar nombre de host a una mquina local con IP dinmica utilizando el
servicio gratuito DynDNS
#!/bin/sh
USERNAME=minombredeusuario
PASSWORD=micontrasea
HOSTNAME=minombredehost.dyndns.org
cd /root/
if [ -f /root/ipcheck.dat ]; then
ipcheck -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME
else
ipcheck --makedat -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD
$HOSTNAME
fi
smb://192.168.0.1/linux
username=minombredeusuario
password=micontrasea
//192.168.0.1/linux
/media/sharename smbfs
credentials=/root/.smbcredentials
0
0
username=minombredeusuario
password=micontrasea
//192.168.0.1/linux
/media/sharename smbfs
credentials=/root/.smbcredentials,dmask=777,fmask=777
OR
For easy network connection, read #How to Configure Ubuntu/Kubuntu with WPA
using Network-Manager.
Instale manualmente
wget -c http://linux.edu.lv/uploads/content/pptp.tar.gz
tar zxvf pptp.tar.gz
sudo sh ./pptp/install
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Cliente PPTP
Comment=Configura e inicia tneles PPTP (VPN)
Categories=Application;Network
Encoding=UTF-8
Exec=gksudo pptpconfig
Icon=gnome-remote-desktop.png
StartupNotify=true
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Las lneas de arriba cambian el archivo por defecto de tres formas: la aplicacin es
ubicada en la categora Aplicaciones/Internet, gksudo har que la aplicacin se
ejecute como superusuario y ponemos un bonito icono que aparecer en el men.
Inicie el cliente con Aplicaciones -> Internet -> Cliente PPTP
Para Ubuntu:
sudo apt-get install network-manager-gnome
Logout/Reinicie.
Los usuarios de Ubuntu deberan ahora ver el Applet de NetworkManager en el rea de
notificacin de Gnome. Los usuarios de Kubuntu probablemente tendrn que ejecutar
knetworkmanager antes de ver NetworkManager en la barra de sistema.
Si en lugar de ello, obtiene un mensaje como "El applet NetworkManager no pudo
encontrar algunos recursos necesarios. No puede continuar", entonces:
sudo gtk-update-icon-cache -f /usr/share/icons/hicolor
Nota: Si instalaste Kubuntu y luego instalaste installed ubuntu-desktop & networkmanager-gnome, puede que no seas capaz de usar network-manager en Gnome, si
ocurre. En este caso, puede que tengas que utilizar WPA Supplicant y hacer algunas
ediciones manuales de los archivos conf para conseguir activar y hacer funcionar
WPA.
Nota: La primera vez que inicies sesin en Gnome/KDE, la aplicacin del anillo de
claves preguntar por una contrasea. Futuras revisiones de Network-Manager
deberan resolver esto.
Escritorio Remoto
Remote Login via XDMCP
What is XDMCP?
GNOME windows can support several different users simultaniously. Unlike vncviewer
that just duplicates the current screen on a remote system, XDMCP allows several different
users to login and run different GNOME sessions at the same time. So if you have a fast
computer runing Ubuntu, several users can use their slow machines to login and run heavy
applications only available on the fast machine.
How to turn on the XDMCP feature
To turn on the XDMCP feature on the fast computer, click the menu
System -> Administration -> Login Window
Comparticin ->
Permitir a otros usuarios ver mi escritorio (Marcado)
Permitir a otros usuarios controlar tu escritorio (Marcado)
Seguridad ->
Pedir confirmacin (Desmarcado)
Requerir que el usuario introduzca una contrasea: (Marcado)
Contrasea: Especifique la contrasea
Windows
Cmo montar/desmontar particiones de Windows (NTFS) manualmente, y permitir a
todos los usuarios slo lectura
/dev/hda1
/media/windows ntfs
nls=utf8,umask=0222 0
/dev/hda1
/media/windows vfat
iocharset=utf8,umask=000
Create the local mount folder and edit the fstab file to mount the disks to this folder.
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)
Local mount folder: /media/windows
/dev/hda1
0
/media/windows
ntfs-3g
defaults,locale=en_US.utf8
You can adjust your locale. Execute 'locale -a' in a terminal to know which
If you reboot now, the disk will be writable to every users. If you want the changes
to take effect immediately without rebooting, execute the following command,
ignoring the errors about "/" and others not being unmounted.
Seguridad
Qu cosas bsicas necesito saber sobre seguridad en mi Ubuntu
Run This:
grub-md5-crypt
Password:
Retype password:
$1$tumnZ1$xB/shuXs7MlawZXkLiBDV/
...
## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive
editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by
the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
#
password --md5 $1$tumnZ1$xB/shuXs7MlawZXkLiBDV/
# password topsecret
...
Find the section(s) that look like this (note the 'recovery mode' and the word
'single'):
...
title
root
kernel
initrd
savedefault
boot
...
...
title
lock
root
...
This will make it so your grub console will require a password to edit the lines, and the
recovery modes won't work unless the password is typed. To access the other grub options
at the menu, follow the instructions at the bottom of the screen. It will be something like
pressing p and typing your password.
How to disable history listing in Console mode
rm -f .bash_history
gedit ~/.bash_profile
export HISTFILESIZE=4
unset HISTFILE=5
# Change this to a reasonable number of lines to save, I like to save
only 100.
export HISTSIZE=1
# Ignores duplicate lines next to each other
export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
This will disable Bash history for the user, retaining keystroke history and recall to use
while limiting recall history to 100 lines. This will also not record duplicate lines next to
each other.
How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode
...
ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
...
sudo telinit q
What: Quote from Wikipedia: "LoJack is an aftermarket vehicle tracking system that
allows cars to be tracked by police after being stolen. The manufacturer claims a 90%
recovery rate. The name "LoJack" is a play on the word "hijack," meaning the theft of a
vehicle through force."
Why: If your laptop is ever stolen and connected to the Internet. You will be able to find
out from what IP it connects to the Internet from and contact the authorities.
How:
Get a free dynamic IP account from one of the many providers. Here we will use
DynDNS.
Install ddclient. In the section #How to assign Hostname to local machine with
dynamic IP using free DynDNS service we installed the package ipcheck, here we
prefer to use ddclient because it can get the IP from an external source on the
Internet instead of getting it from a network adapter.
Edit the configuration file /etc/ddclient.conf using you fevorite text editor (emacs,
gedit, kedit or even vi)
NOTE:
* Make sure that you use the web IP detection method.
* Specify your own user id instead of the place holder YourNameHere.
* Specify your own password instead of the place holder YourPasswordHere, make
sure to surround it with single quotes.
* The last line should specify the hostname you registered with the dynamic IP
service.
You can now start the ddclient daemon, or wait until your next reboot.
The hostname you registered with your dynamic IP service should be updated. You
can test it with the ping command:
ping YourHostNameHere.gotmyip.com
Even if your laptop has a firewall that prevents pings the hostname should resolve
to the IP of the network gateway that your laptop is connected to.
Now all that is left is for someone to steal your laptop.....
References:
http://ddclient.sourceforge.net/index.php
Boot Menu
Como conseguir acceso como root sin entrar
Cmo modificar los argumentos de inicio del kernel para conseguir acceso como root
boot: rescue
# passwd root
# passwd system_main_username
grub
grub> md5crypt
Password: ****** (ubuntu)
Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password)
grub> quit
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
gksudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
...
password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
...
Lo ms seguro es que obtengas algo como "(hd0,0) ext2fs", luego entonces es tu unidad
Linux. Ahora cambia hd0 por hd1 para ver que pasa
root (hd1,0)
Si obtienes "(hd1,0) filesystem type unknown, partition type 0x7", entonces hd1 es una
unidad Windows.
Ahora cambia hd1 por hd2, hasta llegar a hd7.
Cmo aadir una entrada de Windows al menu GRUB
title
root
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader
Microsoft Windows
(hd0,0)
+1
Esta configuracin se aplica a gente que tiene Linux instalado en una unidad IDE, y
Winwos instlado en SATA separados. La unidad IDE arranca primero, asi que necesitamos
aadir una entrada al menu de inicio en el disco de linux. Aqui asumimos que el nombre de
tu unidad Winows es hd1. Si no estas seguro, haz click en el link de abajo.
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
gksudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
title
Windows XP on SATA drive
map (hd0) (hd1)
map (hd1) (hd0)
chainloader (hd1,0)+1
Mira www.fs-driver.org
TipsAndTricks
How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer
or
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart
...
exit 0
if [ -x /usr/bin/numlockx ]; then
/usr/bin/numlockx on
fi
Change
#s/keycode
58 = Caps_Lock/keycode
58 = Control/;
to
s/keycode
58 = Caps_Lock/keycode
sudo /etc/init.d/console-screen.sh
Try using it
In X Windows
gksudo gedit ~/.Xmodmap
Add this:
keycode 66 = Control_L
clear Lock
add Control = Control_L
xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap
58 = Control/;
cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ~/.xinitrc
In all cases
gedit ~/.xinitrc
xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap
Section "ServerFlags"
Option
EndSection
"DontZap"
"yes"
killall nautilus
killall gnome-panel
/ -> apps -> gedit-2 -> preferences -> editor -> save ->
create_backup_copy (Unchecked)
/ -> apps -> gedit-2 -> preferences -> editor -> save -> auto_save
(Checked)
[Desktop Entry]
Name=File Browser (Root)
Comment=Browse the filesystem with the file manager
Exec=gksudo "nautilus --browser %U"
Icon=file-manager
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;System;
o
o
Preferred Applications
Mail Reader Tab -> Default Mail Reader -> Command: mozilla-thunderbird %s
Now just right click somewhere into the main window. A little box with options to choose
will appear. Choose "new", then "string". Then copy the following line into the appearing
text field:
network.protocol-handler.app.mms
Now you do the same thing again, but this time you do not choose "string" but "boolean",
and the line to copy is:
network.protocol-handler.external.mms
Then set
true
Now just right click somewhere into the main window. A little box with options to choose
will appear. Choose "new", then "string". Then copy the following line into the appearing
text field:
network.protocol-handler.app.rtsp
Now you do the same thing again, but this time you do not choose "string" but "boolean",
and the line to copy is:
network.protocol-handler.external.rtsp
Then set
true
How to disable beep sound for link find function in Mozilla Firefox
To add backports and PLF (new versions of many applications. Unsupported. May
contain illegal packages. Use at own risk.)
1. Settings -> Repositories
2. Click on Add and then Custom
3. Paste the following four lines into the box and click Add Repository, one
line at a time:
Select "package_name"
Package Menu -> Mark for Installation
Edit Menu -> Apply Marked Changes
Select "package_name"
Package Menu -> Mark for Removal
Edit Menu -> Apply Marked Changes
In the directory where you have extracted the source, after you have run ./configure
and make you can create a .deb file and install it with either of the following
commands. The second -D option creates a .deb file in the directory that you can
share with others or install without needing the source.
sudo checkinstall
or
sudo checkinstall -D
For more info go to CheckInstall home page and the Installing software on Ubuntu
page. Autodeb uses a modified version of AutoApt to complete the entire process
above including extraction from the .tar.gz file, however it is still in an early stage
of development.
wget
sudo
sudo
sudo
mvb NEW_NAME
sudo
wget
sudo
sudo
bbips
...
#hiddenmenu
...
hiddenmenu
...
timeout
...
timeout
X_seconds
...
default
...
default
X_sequence
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/ubuntu.xpm.gz
chmod 644 ubuntu.xpm.gz
sudo mkdir /boot/grub/images
sudo cp ubuntu.xpm.gz /boot/grub/images/
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
gksudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
splashimage (hd0,1)/boot/grub/images/ubuntu.xpm.gz
NOTE: If you have seperate boot partition use this line: splashimage
(hd0,1)/grub/images/ubuntu.xpm.gz
Read #How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up (use
splashimage.xpm.gz instead of ubuntu.xpm.gz)
...
# howmany=all
...
# howmany=1
Where 1 means to keep the last kernel, 2 to keep the last 2 kernels, etc. Do not delete the #
symbol. The menu will be updated once a new kernel will be updated by the system, not
before.
Now make sure the "Login Screen Ready" check mark is checked. Click on the folder icon
and navigate to your home folder and select "foo.wav".
rm foo.wav
...
stop)
log_begin_msg "Stopping system log daemon..."
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --exec $binpath --pidfile
$pidfile
log_end_msg $?
...
cd ~
wget http://members.chello.at/horst.jens/files/wallpaperchanger.py
chmod +x wallpaperchanger.py
~/wallpaperchanger.py
gedit ~/.wallpaperchanger/wallpaperchangerconfig.py
Edit all the lines not beginning with an "#" according to your needs. Save the file
and close gedit.
Click the menuitems: Applications -> Accessoires -> Alacarte Menu Editor
-> File -> New Entry:
Name: wallpaperchanger
command: ~/wallpaperchanger.py
Click the menuitems: System -> Preferences -> Session -> Startup Programs
-> Add:
~/wallpaperchanger.py
See #How to add the Keyboard (Layout) Indicator applet to add the Keyboard Indicator
applet.
How to add keyboard layouts toggle for other languages (Xfce)
you can add it to a startup file, which will be set to be executed on startup, with the
following lines (remember to 'chmod +x' the file):
#!/bin/tcsh
setxkbmap -option grp:switch,grp:alt_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll us,il
Right-click on empty space on the top panel so that you see the pop-up menu.
Click Add to Panel...
Choose Keyboard Indicator (it is under the Utilities section, at the end)
The Keyboard Indicator applet appears on the panel. The default language should be USA
for U.S. English. You can either right-click on this applet for more options or see above on
how to configure.
How to type extended characters
The key marked ['"] is now a dead key. When you press it, nothing happens. However if
you press a consonant immediately afterwards, the consonant appears with an accent.
'+a=
'+e=
and so on for i-, o-, y-, c-, z-, n-, l-, u-, r-
"+a=
"+e=
and so on for y-, u-, i-, o-
There are more characters available by keeping RightAlt pressed and typing a character.
Therefore,
RightAlt+q =
RightAlt+w =
RightAlt+e =
RightAlt+r =
RightAlt+t =
RightAlt+y =
RightAlt+u =
RightAlt+i =
RightAlt+o =
RightAlt+p =
RightAlt+[ and ] for and respectively.
RightAlt+a =
RightAlt+s =
RightAlt+d =
RightAlt+l =
RightAlt+; =
RightAlt+: =
RightAlt+z =
RightAlt+c =
RightAlt+n =
RightAlt+m =
RightAlt+, =
RightAlt+/ =
RightAlt+1 =
RightAlt+2 =
RightAlt+3 =
RightAlt+4 =
RightAlt+5 =
RightAlt+6 =
RightAlt+7 =
RightAlt+8 =
RightAlt+9 =
RightAlt+0 =
RightAlt+- =
RightAlt+= =
RightAlt+! =
RightAlt+@, then o = (and ).
RightAlt+#, then a = (and ). Similarly for , , , .
RightAlt+$ =
RightAlt+% =
RightAlt+^ =
RightAlt+& =
Now you can type extended characters using the RightWin key (next to AltGr), according
to this keyboard settings file. Specifically, the lines that start with GDK_Multi_key are
those that we can use here. The Compose key is actually GDK_Multi_key.
Some examples,
RightWin + C + = produces
RightWin + = + C produces
RightWin + C + O produces
RightWin + O + C produces
RightWin + a + ' produces
RightWin + a + " produces
RightWin + a + ` produces
RightWin + a + ~ produces
RightWin + a + * produces
RightWin + a + ^ produces
RightWin + a + > produces
RightWin + a + , produces
RightWin + e + - produces
RightWin + S + 1 produces
RightWin + S + 2 produces
RightWin + S + 3 produces
Read #How to install PDF Reader (Adobe Reader) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox
Open Nautilus (Places -> Desktop)
Browse to a .pdf file
Right-click the .pdf file, select Properties, go to the Open With tab, choose Adobe
Reader.
Now when you double-click on a .pdf file, it will be opened with Adobe Reader.
How to print from Adobe Reader
Read #How to install PDF Reader (Adobe Reader) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox
Read #How to add a printer
Applications -> Office -> Adobe Reader
File -> Print
In the Print Command box, append -d printername. For example, if your printer
was named FS-1010, the Print Command would read:
/usr/bin/lp -d FS-1010
#!/bin/bash
cd ${1%/*}
/usr/bin/pdftk "$1" burst
rm doc_data.txt
gedit pdftk_cat
#!/bin/bash
cd ${1%/*}
outfile="00out.pdf"
if [ -f $outfile ] ; then
rm -f $outfile
fi
/usr/bin/pdftk *.pdf cat output $outfile
Now, when you right-click on a .pdf file, you'll get two extra options:
Open With -> pdftk_burst which will convert a 30 page pdf file to 30 x 1 page pdf
files
Open With -> pdftk_cat which will join together all the pdf files in the same
directory, and create a file called 00out.pdf
Note: this won't work with pdfs with any type of protection - read man pdftk for more
command line options.
How to remove jedit when Synaptic package manager fails after install
Open up a terminal
This example shows all Russian (ru) and English (en) locales being chosen. Look through
/usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED to find the ones for you, then put them in a list, replacing
en\|ru and separating each language with a \| (backslash, bar). If you only want one
language, just put it in quotes.
dpkg-reconfigure locales
update-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8
In this step, make sure to choose the language and country that you would like your
computer to think it is in. Here, I choose en_US, the United States version of English. Once
again, look at your /var/lib/locales/supported.d/local or /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED for
the one right for you. You may also want to research locales, using the Internet.
That was easy, now the command
lxterm
will open up the Unicode version of xterm or your translated software will display things
properly, like vim.
Ubuntu:Edgy Sp/Servers
Ubuntu:Edgy Sp/Troubleshooting
Ubuntu:Edgy Sp/UpgradingUbuntu