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Dermatoglyphics
Multiple Intelligence
Test in Mumbai
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Introduction to Dermatoglyphics
Dermatoglyphics Mulitple Intelligence test (D.M.I.T.) is a scientific study of
fingerprint patterns that helps in understanding an individuals potential and personality. D.M.I.
Assessment technique has been developed by scientists and research experts from World
renowned universities and is based on knowledge from Genetics, Embryology,
Dermatoglyphics, Psychology and Neuroscience. The study of Dermatoglyphics is more than
200 years old. In former USSR, it was used to find talented sportsmen for Olympic Games of
1970s. As it turned out, the USSR took home 50 gold medals in 1972 and 125 in 1976. By the
1980s, China had also adopted the Russian method.
Medical experts, with observation, recording, comparison, induction and clinical experiences,
confirmed that fingerprints provide accurate analysis of a persons Multiple Intelligences and
potential. Traditionally, IQ is used as a measurement tool of ones level of intelligence. Dr.
Howard Gardner introduced in his book, Frames of Mind, that man has at least 9 intelligences,
and everyone has different proportions of these intelligences. We are able to discover our
congenital intelligence, character traits and unknown potential through Dermatoglyphics.
Advanced countries such as USA, Japan and Taiwan have adopted dermatoglyphics technology
in the field of education, human resource management, recruitment and even identifying gifted
children. The DMI test has also helped lakhs of students in China, Indonesia, Malaysia,
Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan & India for the past 10 years and is continuing to do so
successfully.
The word dermatoglyphics comes from two Greek words (derma = skin and glyphe = curve) and
refers to the friction ridge formations which appear on the finger prints, palms of the hands and
soles of the feet. Dermatoglyphics is the scientific study of fingerprints. Fingerprints or dermal
ridge patterns are unique to each individual, and there are even differences between identical
twins. By determining the form and different types of patterns on the fingers this information
can be used to help determine your intrinsic potential.Many research papers have elaborated
on the link between finger print patterns and different diseases and psychological conditions.
Further studies aroused educators interest in establishing a link between fingerprint pattern
distribution and innate intelligence potential distributions.
Dermatoglyphics Analysis is an integration of neuroscience, medicine, genetics, psychology and
behavioral science and it is based on the formation and the amount of ridges present on the
finger prints. Fingerprints are usually formed during the 13th to 19th week of an embryo. They
begin to develop in the embryo in the 13th week, and it is are formed by the 24th week. It is
closely related to the infants brain development. The distribution of prints is considered to
represent brain cells proportion and distribution in each of the brain lobes.
According to European and American experts, fingerprints show different kinds of
characteristics, even with monozygotic (identical) twins.
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Experts who study dermatoglyphics believe that fingerprints (dermatoglyphy) were marks of
embryonic nerves, which may reflect ones genetic potential. Statistics show that the accuracy
rate of dermatoglyphics analysis can be up to 90%.
Dermatoglyphics has a rich and scientific history of over 350 years and has documentation of
research data and results dated 200 years back. Dr. Harold Cummins is acknowledged as the
Father of Dermatoglyphics. He studied all aspects of finger print analysis in fields as varied as
anthropology, embryology and genetics. His famous Down Syndrome studies accurately
predicted the genetic link to the disease upon study of finger print patterns and the Simian
crease.
The findings revealed that most children with learning difficulties have different fingerprints
compared to normal children. Since each persons fingerprints are unique, we can understand
ones innate potential, personality, and preferences by analyzing dermatoglyphic patterns. The
Dermatoglyphics Multiple Intelligences Test helps parents to identify their childs potential at
an early age and provide guidance accordingly to help expand their potential.
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Interpreting Dr Happy Life DMIT Report
The contents of this report will give a comprehensive and detailed insight into an age old
scientific research based on Dermatoglyphics. Your personalized DMI report can be best
understood and analyzed with the help of the useful and relevant information below which
addresses all age groups.
For Children (Age group: 3 years to 10 years)
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For Adults : (Age: 25 years and above)
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Brain Lobes
The cerebral cortex can be divided into four sections, which are known as lobes (see image
above). The Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe and Temporal lobe have been associated
with different functions ranging from reasoning to auditory perception.
1) The Frontal lobe (mainly used in Thinking and Imagination) is located at the front of the brain
and is associated with reasoning, problem solving, Logical thinking, computation process,
Rationalization, Linguistic function, Visual spatial imagination, idea formation and
conceptualization. At the back of the frontal lobe, near the central sulcus, lies the motor cortex.
This area of the brain receives information from various lobes of the brain and utilizes this
information to carry out body movements.
Left Frontal lobe handles :
- Logical Reasoning, Computation Process, Analysis, Conceptual Understanding, Numeric,
Grammar and Linguistic
Right Frontal lobe handles :
- Imagination, Idea formation, Visualization, 3D, Visual Spatial Ability
The Prefrontal lobe (denotes Mental Ability) The anterior (front) portion of the frontal lobe is
called the prefrontal cortex. It is very important for the "higher cognitive functions" and the
determination of the personality. It assists in planning, management, communication,
coordinating, controlling our behaviour and emotions. It also regulates our creative ability,
leadership qualities, intuition and visualization.
Left Prefrontal lobe handles :
- Rational Thinking, Planning, Coordinating, Controlling, Executing Behavior, Self Achievement
Motive, Communication
Right Prefrontal lobe handles :
- Leadership, Interpersonal, Creativity, Goal Visualization, Determination, Self Esteem, Intuition
2) The occipital lobe (mainly used in Visual Perception) is located at the back portion of the
brain and is associated with interpreting visual stimuli and information. The primary visual
cortex, which receives and interprets information from the retinas of the eyes, is located in the
occipital lobe. The left part controls Visual Identification, observation and Reading
comprehension and the right part controls visual and image appreciation ability
Left Occipital lobe handles :
- Visual Identification, Interpretation, Reading, Observation
Right Occipital lobe handles :
Visualization, Visual Appreciation, Art, Aesthetic Sense
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3) The parietal lobe (governing Kinesthetic Ability) is located in the middle section of the brain
and is associated with processing tactile sensory information such as pressure, touch, and pain.
A portion of the brain known as the somatosensory cortex is located in this lobe and is essential
to the processing of the body's senses. It is responsible for Movement differentiation, Physical
Movements, Operation understanding, Bodily mobility, rhythmic movement, muscle
coordination & Physical appreciation.
Left Parietal lobe handles :
- Fine Motor Skills, Action Identification, Control of Body Movements
-
4) The Temporal Lobe (governing Auditory Perception) is located on the bottom section of the
brain. This lobe is also the location of the primary auditory cortex, which is important for
interpreting sounds and the language we hear. The hippocampus is also located in the temporal
lobe, which is why this portion of the brain is also heavily associated with the formation of
memories. The left part controls Phonics differentiation, Language understanding & Sound
Identification ability and the right part controls auditory and music appreciation ability.
Left Temporal lobe handles :
Language Ability, Language Understanding, Audio Identification, Memory Ability
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Left / Right Brain Bias
Scientists have explained that there are two halves of the brain, a right hemisphere and a left
hemisphere. As the nerve fibers leave our brain, they cross over from one side to the other.
This means that the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body and the left side of
the brain controls the right side of the body.
Theories suggest that left-brain people respond in sequential, logical ways and this group of
people are strong in math and science, and can answer questions quickly.
Most people in modern world operate as left-brain people due to the education system in
school which focuses on left brain training
On the contrary, right-brain people are dreamers who are led by intuition and creativity. Right
brainers think deeply and may have high level of intelligence. Right brainers make great
students of arts and social science. Besides being more spontaneous than the conservative leftbrainers, right brainers are intuitive and prefer to follow their own gut feelings when it comes
to decision making.At www.drhappylife.org we consider all factors.
In the 19th century, research on people with certain brain injuries, made it possible to suspect
that the "language center" in the brain was commonly situated in the left hemisphere. One had
observed that people with lesions in two specific areas on the left hemisphere lost their ability
to talk, for example.
The final evidence for this, however, came from the famous studies carried out in the 1960s
by Roger Sperry and his colleagues.
The results of these studies later led to Roger Sperry being awarded the Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine in 1981.
Sperry received the prize for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the
cerebral hemispheres. With the help of so-called "split brain" patients, he carried out these
experiments, and for the first time in history, knowledge about the left and right hemispheres
was revealed.
What came out of his experiments?
The studies demonstrated that the left and right hemispheres are specialized in different tasks.
The left side of the brain is normally specialized in taking care of the logical, factual, analytical
and verbal tasks. The left side speaks much better than the right side, while the right half takes
care of the space perception tasks and music, creativity and emotions, for example.
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The right hemisphere is involved when you are making a map or giving directions on how to get
to your home from the bus station. The right hemisphere can only produce rudimentary words
and phrases, but contributes emotional context to language. Without the help from the right
hemisphere, you would be able to read a word for instance, but you wouldn't be able to
imagine what it is.
Advantages of using both sides of the brain
If your left brain is the dominant part of your
brain you may have problems thinking in a
creative way or in being intuitive while if your right brain was the dominant part you may have
problems planning your life or thinking logically. By learning how to use both sides of your brain
you will have the advantages of both sides while each side will eliminate the disadvantages of
the other side.
How to use both sides of your brain if you are left brained
Avoid using too much of logic: If you were thinking of a problem or if you were about to take a
decision then avoid using logic only, dont just try to gather information in an overly intensive
way, instead gather as much information as you can then take the decision based on the
available information even if it seemed incomplete, in that case your left brain will use the
information while the intuition of your right brain will compensate for the missing information
Use images and visualization: While studying or reading try to draw images or to visualize the
situation, by using both the visual images and the written text you will be training both sides of
your brain to work together
Listen to music: While reading try to listen to music in order to allow the right brain to get
involved
Find any hobby that requires creativity: Try to find if you are interested in drawing, painting or
writing poems, cultivate any hobby that requires creativity, it can help you to train your right
brain
Break the routine: If you were an accountant who always works with numbers each day from 9
to 5 then you may lose all of your creative abilities, try to break this routine by doing something
random in between, try to go the beach and sit in front of the sea to think randomly, try to
close your eyes then imagine your future or imagine anything that you would like, just break
that routine using any method that you can think of.
How to use both sides of your brain if you are Right brained
Look for details: Try to make decisions by looking at a situation from all angles rather than just
looking at the whole picture, gather all the facts and figures and analyze your problem
objectively.
Set your goals: Try to make schedules and follow them, set goals and record your progress in a
journal, if you already have goals try to write them down, and if they are long term, divide them
into smaller short term achievable goals. At www.drhappylife.org we will guide you on the
above.
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Play strategy games: Involve yourself in any strategy games that interests you, like chess for
example, these types of games stress on the left brain functions and allows you to use both
sides of your brain.
Work with numbers: You should feel good while studying accounting or mathematics because
you will be training your left brain thereby increasing your ability to use your whole brain, try
not to avoid numbers because they can help you in developing both hemispheres.
Can we increase the intelligence of a child? The answer is definitely, "Yes!"
A child's intelligence can be strengthened and enhanced by increasing their brainpower, their
memory and their ability to think while solving problems and encouraging them to play some
brain teasers. Environment can shape as much as 80% of a child's intelligence.
By age six, the brain is already 95 percent of its adult size. But the gray matter, or thinking part
of the brain, continues to thicken throughout childhood as the brain cells get extra connections,
much like a tree growing extra branches, twigs and roots. "Use it or lose it" principle very
clearly explains that the brain cells and connections that are used will survive and flourish.
Those cells and connections that are not used will wither and die. So if a child is doing music or
sports or academics, those are the cells and connections that will be hard-wired. If they're lying
on the couch or playing video games or MTV, those are the cells and connections that are going
to survive.
Schools need to give equal emphasis to arts, creativity, and the skills of imagination and
synthesis.
The development of the human brain occurs rapidly in the first years of life and continues at a
slower pace into adolescence. The major steps involved in brain development, both before and
after birth, play important roles in psychological development. In order to mould a child
effectively, perhaps parents and teachers need to know the following stages of brain
development:
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Assessment: For a more accurate whole-brained evaluation of student learning, educators
must develop new forms of assessment that also honour right-brained talents and skills.
Most individuals have a distinct preference for one of these styles of thinking. Some, however,
are more whole-brained and equally adept at both modes.
In general, schools tend to favor left-brain modes of thinking, while downplaying the right-brain
ones.
Left-brain scholastic subjects focus on logical thinking, analysis, and accuracy.
Right-brained subjects, on the other hand, focus on aesthetics, feeling, and creativity.
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Inborn Intelligence Potential
The Total Ridge Count (TRC) indicates the Inborn Intelligence Potential of an individual
TRC
Below 60
61 to 100
Low Potential
101 to 140
Average Potential
141 to 180
Good Potential
181 to 200
201 to 220
Excellent Potential
Hyper Active
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- Not suitable for complex and multiple tasks and dealing with too many assignments.
- Their preferred learning styles should be used to accelerate learning
Multi-disciplinary Learning- (TRC 141-180)
They have potential for multi-disciplinary learning and can engage themselves in extracurricular
activities and multiple courses.
Suggestions:
- These learners will do well in challenging, competitive and stimulating environments. They
need to learn to be more attentive and focused in order to excel in certain area of
specialization.
- Encourage them to join activities that they are interested in
- Let them switch over to variety of subjects after short duration as they may find it difficult to
focus on one subject for a long time.
- Divide the learning contents in different parts and then study for short intervals with frequent
breaks.
High Multi-disciplinary Learning- (TRC above 181 - 220)
They have potential for very high multi-disciplinary and accelerated learning and development
if proper training and stimulating environment is provided.
Suggestions:
- These learners can engage themselves in advanced courses and extracurricular activities to
avoid mundane learning.
- They are more suitable for complex and challenging jobs than routine activities.
- Their energies should be channelized in constructive and varied activities
- Provide challenging stretching work, projects, career development, responsibilities, or these
people are likely to lose interest
- Give appropriately stretching coaching, mentoring, training.
- Explore and encourage leadership and role-model opportunities, to set and raise standards for
such children
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Unlimited Potential (TRC above 220)
These people have the characteristics of unlimited learning potential and their talents should
be channelized by giving them proper training and education.
"...children who by virtue of outstanding abilities are capable of high performance. These are
children whose potential can be realized through differentiated educational programs and/or
services beyond those normally provided by the regular school program. Children capable of
high performance include those with demonstrated achievement or potential ability in any of
the following areas, singly or in combination: general intellectual ability, specific academic
aptitude, creative or productive thinking, leadership ability, visual and performing arts."
Suggestions:
- Their individual abilities, unique characteristics and unlimited potential should be given
opportunities to grow in these areas and realize their fullest potential.
- Explore ways to utilize and develop identified potential via fitting tasks and responsibilities,
linked with and perhaps dependent on performance improvement.
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Prof. Howard Gardner & M.I. Theory
Intelligence is the capacity to do something useful in the society in which we live. Intelligence is
the ability to respond successfully to new situations and the capacity to learn from ones past
experiences.
-Dr. Howard Gardner, Author, Frames of Mind and Multiple Intelligences
Dr. Howard Gardner, a professor of cognition and education at the Harvard Graduate School of
Education, developed his theory of Multiple Intelligences in 1983. Simply put, Dr. Gardner
posits that people employ several different types of intelligence, rather than one general type.
This theory aroused and attracted the warm response from the whole world, especially in the
Education and Psychology arena.
Actually, no one uses just one type of intelligence; we all use several in our daily lives. Some are
stronger than others for each person. Dr. Howard Gardner says that our schools and culture
focus most of their attention on linguistic and logical - mathematical intelligence. We esteem
the highly articulate or logical people of our culture. However, Dr. Gardner says that we should
also place equal attention on individuals who show gifts in other intelligences: the artists,
architects, musicians, naturalists, designers, dancers, therapists, entrepreneurs and others who
enrich the world in which we live.
Unfortunately, many children who have these gifts dont receive much reinforcement for them
in school. Many of these kids, in fact, end up being labelled learning disabled, having ADD
(attention deficit disorder) or simply underachievers. when their unique ways of thinking and
learning arent addressed by a heavily linguistic or logical - mathematical classroom.
The good news is that the theory of multiple intelligence has grabbed the attention of many
educators around the world, and hundreds of schools are currently using its philosophy to
redesign the way it educates children.
Reasoning behind Gardners Theory
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The 9 Multiple Intelligences
Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
Ability to explore patterns, categories and relationships by manipulating objects or symbols, and
to experiment in a controlled, orderly way.
Ability to reason either deductively or inductively and to recognize and manipulate abstract
patterns and relationships.
Linguistic Intelligence
Ability to use language to excite, please, convince, stimulate or convey information.
Involves not only ease in producing language, but also sensitivity to the nuances, order and
rhythm of words.
Intrapersonal Intelligence
Ability to gain access to understand one's inner feelings, dreams and ideas.
Personal knowledge turned inward to the self. This form of intellect entails the ability to
understand one's own emotions, goals and intentions.
Interpersonal Intelligence
Ability to understand other people, to notice their goals, motivations, intentions and to work
effectively with them.
Emphathize with others, observe and understand others moods, feelings, temparament.
Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
Ability to use fine and gross motor skills in sports, the performing arts, or arts and crafts
production.
Bodily Intelligence involves using the body to solve problems, to create products, and to convey
ideas and emotions.
Visual-Spatial Intelligence
Ability to perceive and mentally manipulate a form or object, and to perceive and create
tension, balance and composition in a visual or spatial display.
Ability to create visual-spatial representations of the world and to transfer those
representations either mentally or concretely
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Musical Intelligence
Ability to enjoy, perform or compose a musical piece.
Includes sensitivity to pitch, rhythm of sounds, as well as responsiveness to the emotional
implications of these elements.
Naturalist Intelligence
Ability to recognise flora and fauna, communion with the natural world and its phenomena.
Involves the full range of knowing what occurs in and through our encounters with the natural
world including our recognition, appreciation, and understanding of the natural environment.
Existential Intelligence
Existential Intelligence is concerned with the inner life of mind and spirit and its relationship to
being in the world. It implies a capacity for a deep understanding of existential questions and
insight into multiple levels of consciousness; and also implies awareness of spirit as the creative
life force of evolution.
It also implies awareness of our relationship to the transcendent, to each other, to the earth
and all beings .
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Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
Logic is the beginning of wisdom, not the end. - Leonard Nimoy
Logic smarts (logical-mathematical intelligence) is the capacity to work with numbers and to
reason well. This includes discerning logical patterns or relationships and efficiently
categorizing, classifying and calculating information and data. In other words, people with
highly developed logic smarts tend to be excellent mathematicians and scientists. They are
good at deductive reasoning and rely on numbers and statistics to help them in their work.
Their analytical skills are highly valued in the workplace where the ability to manipulate
information and data is valued.
Study Skills for Logic Smarts
People with logic smarts learn best by analyzing data and then using that information to solve
problems. They are able to quickly grasp graphical representations and timelines and Prefer
information that is presented in charts, diagrams, reports, and population data.
If youre number smart, give these strategies a try:
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using information and their own analytical skills. Many of todays in-demand occupations
require some ability to use numbers, logic, or scientific reasoning as a way to meet challenges,
such as jobs in health care, computers and engineering.
Computer Software Engineers research, design, develop and test operating systemslevel
software, compilers and network distribution software for medical, industrial, military,
communications, aerospace, business, scientific and general computing applications. They set
operational specifications and formulate and analyze software requirements.
Industrial Engineers design, develop, test and evaluate integrated systems for managing
industrial production processes including human work factors, quality control, inventory
control, logistics and material flow, cost analysis and production coordination.
Accountants analyze financial information and prepare financial reports to determine or
maintain records of assets, liabilities, profit and loss, tax liability, or other financial activities
within an organization.
Professions which exhibit a high degree of logical-mathematical intelligence:
Computer Science Engineer, Computer Programmer, Computer technicians, Underwriters,
Accountants, Bankers, Statisticians, Data analysts, Stock brokers, Auditors, Purchasing
Managers, Professional debaters, Maths teachers, Attorneys, Arbitrators, Scientific researchers,
Medical professionals, Logicians.
Profiles in Logical and Mathematical Intelligence
Galileo Galilei was a Tuscan physicist, mathematician and astronomer who is now considered
the Father of Modern Science. He confirmed the phases of Venus, discovered the four
satellites of Jupiter and analyzed sunspots. Many of his discoveries provided the foundation for
principles of physics taught in high schools and colleges today, paving the way for other logic
smart scientists and researchers such as Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawkingand maybe you.
Famous People Who Have High Logical/Mathematical Intelligence:
Sir Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein, Aryabhatta, Vishwanathan Anand, Shakuntala Devi, Thomas
Edison , Albert Einstein , Bill Gates , Warren Buffet , Stephen Hawking
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Linguistic Intelligence
Language is the armoury of the human mind. - Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Word smarts (or linguistic intelligence) is the ability to use language effectively, whether orally
or in writing. This includes the ability to manipulate the structure or syntax of language, the
sounds of language, the meanings of words, and the practical uses of language. In other words,
people who have highly developed word smarts tend to be excellent writers and public
speakers. They are often effective communicators and have an appreciation for the written
word. Given that much of our education focuses on our mastering languages (our native tongue
and others), word smarts tend to be privileged in many facets of our culture.
Study Skills for Word Smarts
People with word smarts learn best when they are exposed to a combination of traditional and
non-traditional learning methods. They tend to have high verbal memory and recall of
information presented in lectures or in writing. In addition, they enjoy other forms of learning,
including listening to stories, keeping a personal journal, making speeches, debating and
creative writing. If youre word smart, these study strategies can help:
take detailed notes (when taking notes write thoughts, ideas, connections in margins)
make flashcards
Keep a reflection journal of what you learned
rewrite (retype) notes
audio tape your notes (read notes aloud)
create a story
paraphrase what teacher has said
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debating information and ideas in the workplace. They are also frequently skilled at teaching
and lecturing and persuading others to do things. Contrary to stereotypes, people with word
smarts are not necessarily bookworms (though many enjoy reading). They simply understand
how to use and manipulate languagewhich, as it turns out, is a highly valued skill in todays
workplace. Most of the fastest growing jobs require that people understand how to read and
write effectively, as well as communicate with others.
Lawyers represent clients in criminal and civil litigation and other legal proceedings, draw up
legal documents, and manage or advise clients on legal transactions. They may specialize in a
single area or may practice broadly in many areas of law.
Public Specialists Relations engage in promoting or creating good will for individuals, groups or
organizations by writing or selecting favourable publicity material and releasing it through
various communications media. They may prepare and arrange displays and make speeches.
Speech-Language Pathologists assess and treat people with speech, language, voice and
fluency disorders. They may select alternative communication systems and teach their use.
They also perform research related to speech and language problems.
Professions which exhibit a high degree of linguistic intelligence:
Poets, Public speakers, Journalists, Writers (authors, advertising, script and speech writers),
Language Teacher, Speech pathologists, Lawyers, Secretaries, Editors, Proof readers,
Comedians, Professional debaters, Archivists, Translators, and TV and Radio Newscasters,
Commentators.
Profiles in Intelligence
Maya Angelou is an accomplished American poet; an award-winning writer, activist, playwright,
actress and producer; and an important figure in the American Civil Rights Movement. Maya
has also won three Grammy Awards for her autobiographical spoken-word recordings. Maya
continues to influence people through her writing, speaking and documentariesa prime
example of word smarts at work.
Famous People Who Have High Linguistic Intelligence:
William Shakespeare, Robert Frost, Tony Robbins, Barack Obama, J.K. Rowling, Rabindranath
Tagore, Ruskin Bond, Shobha De.
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Intrapersonal Intelligence
Know thyself. - Socrates
Self smarts (or intrapersonal intelligence) is the ability to know oneself and to act on the basis
of this self-knowledge. This includes having an accurate picture of oneselfan awareness of
ones inner moods, intentions, motivations, temperaments and desires. In other words, people
who have highly developed self smarts tend to be extremely self-reflective. They know who
they are, what they can do, what they want to do, what their strengths and weaknesses are,
and how they react to problems and circumstances. They also want to know the meaning,
purpose and significance of their life and career. This doesnt necessarily make them
introvertedonly introspective.
Study Skills for Self Smarts
People with self smarts learn best through self-reflection. They learn when they are asked to
think about their lives and lifes meanings. They learn best when they can work alone and then
process what they discover. Preferred activities include journal or diary writing, individualized
instruction and creative writing. They also tend to learn by reading and reflecting on how what
theyve read relates to them personally. If youre self smart, try these tips:
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should be done. Because of their reflective nature, other people often come to them for advice.
That is why they are best suited for occupations such as psychologists, therapists and social
workers.
Child, Family, and School Social Workers provide social services and assistance to improve the
social and psychological functioning of children and their families and to maximize the family
well-being and the academic functioning of children. They may assist single parents, arrange
adoptions and find foster homes for abandoned or abused children. In schools, they address
such problems as teenage pregnancy, misbehaviour and truancy.
Marriage and Family Therapists diagnose and treat mental and emotional disorderswhether
cognitive, affective or behaviouralwithin the context of marriage and family systems. They
apply psycho-therapeutic and family systems theories and techniques in the delivery of
professional services to individuals, couples and families for the purpose of treating nervous
and mental disorders.
School Psychologists investigate processes of learning and teaching and develop psychological
principles and techniques applicable to educational problems.
Professions which exhibit a high degree of Intrapersonal intelligence:
Therapists, Psychologists, Human Potential Researchers, Philosophers, Religious leaders
(pastors and priests), Social Workers, Meditation Guides, Counselors, Organization Leaders
(presidents and CEOs), Self-help Advisors & Trainers, Cognitive Pattern Researchers, and Mental
Health Professionals.
Profiles in Intrapersonal Intelligence
The Dali Lama is the head of state and spiritual leader of the people of Tibet. He is known as the
Buddha of Compassion and has offered peaceful solutions to the conflicts in his country. The
Dali Lama is a leading proponent of human rights and world peace. Although he has received
worldwide acclaim, he lives the simple life of a Buddhist monk and spends a great deal of time
in mediation and self-reflection.
Famous People Who Have High Intrapersonal Intelligence:
Sigmund Freud, Anne Frank, Walt Whitman, Aristotle, Swami Vivekanand, The Dalai Lama,
Anne Frank, Sai Baba, Osho, Paulo Coelho.
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Interpersonal Intelligence
Down in their hearts, wise men know this truth: The only way to help yourself is to help
others - Elbert Hubbard
People smarts (or interpersonal intelligence) is the ability to perceive and respond to the
moods, intentions, and feelings of other people. This includes being sensitive to facial
expressions, voice and gestures and the ability to respond effectively to those cues. In other
words, people who have highly developed people smarts are much attuned to other people.
They have developed a wide array of social skills that they rely on in their person-to-person
communications.
Study Skills for Self Smarts
People who are people smart naturally learn best through interactions with others. It is the
type of learning that occurs when they work with and relate to others as part of a team. They
learn best through discussions, co-operative learning activities and brainstorming. As such, they
tend to thrive in smaller class environments where there is more opportunity to share thoughts
and ideas. People smart students should give these strategies a try:
Dr Happy life can help you develop means of improve different types of intelligences.
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Sales Managers direct the actual distribution or movement of a product or service to the
customer. They coordinate sales distribution by establishing sales territories, quotas and goals
and establish training programs for sales representatives. They may also analyze sales statistics
gathered by staff to determine sales potential and inventory requirements and monitor the
preferences of customers.
Human Resource Managers plan, direct and coordinate human resource management activities
of an organization to maximize the strategic use of human resources and maintain functions
such as employee compensation, recruitment, personnel policies and regulatory compliance.
Professions which exhibit a high degree of Interpersonal intelligence:
Teachers, Administrators, Human Resource Managers, Anthropologists, Organization Leaders
(presidents and CEOs), Sociologists, Talk Show Hosts, Politicians, Public Relations or Customer
Service Personnel, Salespersons, Travel Agents, Consultants, and Social Affairs Directors.
Profiles in Interpersonal Intelligence
Martin Luther King, Jr., was one of the key leaders of the civil rights movement in the United
States. He was a Baptist minister who became a civil rights activist early in his career. He was
the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for his work to end racial segregation and
discrimination through non-violent means. King also spoke out about poverty, the Vietnam War
and other aspects of social injustice. Above all, it was his ability to empathize with the plight of
others that gave King the strength to be a great leader.
Famous People Who Have High Interpersonal Intelligence:
Oprah Winfrey, Bill Clinton, Barkha Dutt, Anthony Robbins, Dr. Phil, Rajdeep Sardesai
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Kinesthetic Intelligence
An active mind cannot exist in an inactive body. - General George S. Patton
Body smarts (or bodily-kinesthetic intelligence) is the ability to use ones hands and body to
express ideas and feelings or to produce and transform objects. Body smarts are most often
expressed in specific physical skills such as coordination, balance, dexterity, strength, flexibility
and speed. In other words, people who have highly developed body smarts tend to thrive in
occupations in which they can be physical and move around. They tend to be active and athletic
and often like working with their hands.
Study Skills for Body Smarts
People with body smarts learn best by doinglearning through physical movement and practice.
They prefer learning activities that involve movement, such as dance, crafts, sports, acting and
manipulating objects. They enjoy role-playing, simulations and physical games as well. Because of
these preferences, they tend to thrive in hands on learning environments rather than
traditional lecture/discussion formats. These study strategies can help body smart people be
successful:
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull or carry objects.
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly and continuously over time.
Servicing, repairing, adjusting and testing machines, devices, moving parts and
equipment.
Inspecting equipment, structures or materials to identify the cause of errors or other
problems or defects.
The ability to quickly move your hands to grasp, manipulate or assemble objects.
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occupations that require body smarts include dancers, actors and athletes. However, there are
many other occupations that require workers to have body smarts, including surgeons,
builders, mechanics and recreational directors. Work activities that require coordination and
manual dexterityfrom fishing to physical therapyare well suited to individuals with welldeveloped body smarts.
Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors instruct or coach groups or individuals in exercise
activities and the fundamentals of sports. They demonstrate techniques and methods of
participation and observe participants and inform them of corrective measures necessary to
improve their skills.
Physical Therapists assess, plan, organize and participate in rehabilitative programs that
improve mobility, relieve pain, increase strength and decrease or prevent deformity of patients
suffering from disease or injury.
Automotive Master Mechanics repair automobiles, trucks, buses and other vehicles. They
repair virtually any part on the vehicle or specialize in the transmission system.
Professions which exhibit a high degree of Kinesthetic Intelligence:
Sports Athletes, Physical therapists, Models, Mechanics, Choreographers, Artists, Actors,
Recreation Directors, Craftsperson, Inventors, dancers, Circus artists, Doctors, Nurses, Exercise
Instructors, Sports Coaches, Law Enforcement Personnel, Military Personnel and Police
Profiles in Kinaesthetic Intelligence
Tiger Woods is one of the most successful athletes of all time. Woods has won fourteen major
professional golf championships and has more career wins than any other active golfer. He was
the youngest player to win the career Grand Slam and the youngest and fastest to win fifty
tournaments on the PGA tour. Woods started playing golf at the age of two and at the age of
fifteen he became the youngest ever Junior Amateur Champion, proving that your intelligences
can be developed at a young age and improved with practice.
Famous People Who Have High Kinesthetic Intelligence:
Famous people with high Bodily (Gross Motor) Intelligence - Sachin Tendulkar, Swami Ramdev,
Hrithik Roshan, Saroj Khan, Tiger Woods.
Famous people with high Bodily (Fine Motor) Intelligence - MF Husain, Ritu Beri, Abhinav
Bindra, Dr. Naresh Trehan, PC Sarkar.
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Visual-Spatial Intelligence
One picture is worth a thousand words. - Fred R. Barnard
Picture smarts (or spatial intelligence) is the ability to perceive and depict the visual-spatial
world accurately. This intelligence involves sensitivity to shape, line, colour, form, and space
and the relationships that exist between them. The kinds of processes used in this intelligence
include the capacity to visualize and graphically represent ideas. People who have highly
developed picture smarts tend to be excellent architects and artists. They are often visual
thinkers who see solutions to problems. They think in pictures and images and are very aware
of objects, shapes, colours, patterns, and textures.
Study Skills for Picture Smarts
People with picture smarts learn best when they can create mental images and use their
imaginations. They form mental models to help them solve problems and prefer to learn by
looking at maps, representations, illustrations, diagrams and posters. They also function well
when they can create visual representations of their theories and ideas. Picture smart people
can benefit from these study tips:
colour code your notes using coloured pencils or highlighters to group important
information
sketch pictures that go along with your notes or in the margins of your notes
draw a picture on a flashcard for each concept or vocabulary word you study
use charts and graphic organizers to keep track of what you learn
develop symbols to represent key ideas
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this mental image in their head. Those interested in science can use their visualization skills in
engineering, architecture and drafting. The rapid rise of the Internet and its graphics-based
interface has opened up even more opportunities for individuals with picture smarts.
Architects plan and design structures such as private residences, office buildings, theatres,
factories and other structural property.
Interior Designers plan, design and furnish interiors of residential, commercial or industrial
buildings. They formulate designs which are practical, aesthetic and conducive to intended
purposes, such as raising productivity, selling merchandise or improving life style.
Multi-Media Artists and Animators create special effects, animation or other visual images
using film, video, computers or other electronic tools and media for use in products or creations
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commercials.
Surveyors make exact measurements and determine property boundaries. They provide data
relevant to the shape, contour, gravitation, location, elevation or dimension of land or land
features on or near the earths surface for engineering, mapmaking, mining, land evaluation,
construction and other purposes.
Professions which exhibit a high degree of Visual-Spatial intelligence:
Interior Decorators, Interior Designers, Graphic Design Artists, Cartographers, Photographers,
Architects, Airline Pilots, Surgeons, Painters, Sculptors, Chefs (with their food presentations),
Embroiderers, Landscapers, Theater Set Designers, Cinematographers, Book Illustrators, Tour
Guides, and Jewelry & Clothing Designers.
Profiles in Visual/Spatial Intelligence
Michelangelo was an Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect and poet. His artistic
output included the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome and the sculpture of
David in Rome. Of course you dont have to be a famous painter to make the most of your
picture smarts. An advertising executive, graphic designer or landscape architect may someday
become the Michelangelo of his or her own field.
Famous People Who Have High Visual/Spatial Intelligence:
Famous people with high Visual (Spatial) Intelligence - Frank Llyod Wright, Leonardo da Vinci,
Michelangelo, Gustavo Eiffel.
Famous people with Visual (Graphic) Intelligence - Pablo Picasso, Walt Disney, Manish
Malhotra, Sarnath Bannerjee.
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Musical Intelligence
Music is the universal language of mankind. - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.
Music smarts (or musical intelligence) is the ability to perceive, discriminate, transform and
express musical forms. This includes being sensitive to rhythm, pitch, melody and timbre of
music. In other words, people who have highly developed music smarts tend to love music and
rhythmic sounds. They interact with their environment through sound and vibration. Because
various sounds have a heightened effect on them, they are good at any occupation that
requires sensitivity to rhythm, pitch, and melody.
Study Skills for Music Smarts
People with music smarts learn best when they are able to use their senses of rhythm, melody
and harmony. They enjoy lectures and presentations that incorporate music and other tonal
elements. They enjoy creating and writing songs. They learn from performing and hearing
others perform, and do their best work with music playing in the background. If youre music
smart, these activities can help you study:
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musical instruments. Many people with this intelligence find occupations where their love of
music can be implemented for their benefit and the benefit of others.
Sound Engineering Technicians operate machines and equipment to record, synchronize, mix,
or reproduce music, voices, or sound effects in sporting arenas, theatre productions, recording
studios or movie and video productions.
Music Directors direct and conduct instrumental or vocal performances by musical groups, such
as orchestras or choirs.
Instrumental Musicians play one or more musical instruments in recital; in accompaniment; or
as members of an orchestra, band or other musical group.
Music Composers and Arrangers write and transcribe musical scores.
Professions which exhibit a high degree of Musical intelligence:
Music Therapists, Advertising Professionals, Motion Picture Soundtrack Creators, Music
Teachers, Piano Tuners, Music Studio Directors and Recorders, Song Writers, Music Performers,
Conductors, Sound Engineers and Music Copyists.
Profiles in Musical Intelligence
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was one of the most prolific musical composers of all time. Born in
Salzburg, Germany, he was an accomplished pianist and violinist by the age of five. Mozart
composed more than six hundred musical works that included a variety of operas, symphonies,
chamber music, choral music and piano pieces. Considered a musical prodigy, the legacy he
created through his musical intelligence will live forever.
Famous People Who Have High Musical Intelligence:
Lata Mangeshkar, AR Rahman, Michael Jackson, Paul McCartney, Mozart
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Naturalistic Intelligence
Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better. - Albert Einstein
Nature smarts (or naturalistic intelligence) is the ability to know about and relate well to ones
natural surroundings. This includes having a greater sensitivity to nature and ones place within
it, being able to nurture and grow things, and easily caring for and interacting with animals. It
may also include being able to discern changes in weather or fluctuations in the natural
surroundings. In other words, people with highly developed nature smarts tend to understand
the natural world of plants and animals. They enjoy exploring and working outdoors.
Study Skills for Nature Smarts
People with nature smarts learn best when they are able to explore their natural environment.
They learn well through outdoor activities, learning and classifying things, watching science and
nature videos. They enjoy working with maps, historical photos and virtual landscapes. They
tend to more easily retain information gained from field trips, nature walks, being in classes
held outdoors and wildlife protection projects. Many nature smart people prefer their learning
to include physical activity. World smart students should give these strategies a try:
Knowledge of plants and animals and their interactions with each other and the
environment.
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea or air
masses.
The ability to detect illness or unhealthy conditions requiring care in plants and
animals.
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They can understand and explain environmental changes and effects. They are intelligent when
it comes to observing, understanding and organizing patterns in the natural environment. Such
skills are useful in occupations such as botanist, landscaper and park ranger, as well as many of
the new green careers intended to help the environment.
Environmental Scientists and Specialists conduct research or perform investigation for the
purpose of identifying, abating or eliminating sources of pollutants or hazards that affect either
the environment or the health of the population. They utilize knowledge of various scientific
disciplines and may collect, synthesize, study, report and take action based on data derived
from measurements or observations of air, food, soil, water and other sources.
Animal Trainers train animals for riding, harness, security, performance, obedience or assisting
persons with disabilities. They accustom animals to human voice and contact and condition
animals to respond to commands. They train animals according to prescribed standards for
show or competition and may train animals to carry pack loads or work as part of pack team.
Veterinarians diagnose and treat diseases and dysfunctions of animals. They may engage in a
particular function, such as research and development, consultation, administration, technical
writing, sale or production of commercial products, or rendering of technical services to
commercial firms or other organizations.
Professions which exhibit a high degree of Naturalist intelligence:
Travel and Tourism, Environmental Scientist, Forest Rangers, Nature Guides, Animal Trainers,
Zoo Keepers, Landscape Designers, Horticulturists, Botanists, Florists, Scientists Investigating
the biological and physical worlds, Bird Researchers, Veterinarians, Farmers, Outdoor Activities
Instructor & Planner, Meteorologists, and Conservationists
Profiles in Naturalistic Intelligence
John Audubon was an American naturalist, painter, and cataloger of the birds of North America.
He laid the foundation for much of our understanding of birds anatomy and behaviour. The
National Audubon Society was incorporated and named in his honour to conserve and restore
natural ecosystems and to preserve the habitats of birds and other wildlife for the benefit of
humanity and the earths biological diversity.
Famous People Who Have High Naturalist Intelligence:
Charles Darwin, Menaka Gandhi, Medha Patkar, RK Pachuri, Sunita Narain.
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Existential Intelligence
The unexamined life is not worth living for man. - Plato
Spiritually Smarts (Existential intelligence) have the ability to be sensitive to, or have the
capacity for conceptualizing or tackling deeper or larger questions about human existence, such
as the meaning of life, why are we born, why do we die, what is consciousness or how did we
get here. They express a sense of belonging to a global community and like to get involved with
social and political causes. Existentialists exhibit the proclivity to pose and ponder questions
about life, death and ultimate realities.
Study Skills for Spiritual Smarts
People with cosmos smart learn best when the surroundings are serene and peaceful and
information is given to synthesize ideas based on their learning. They like to relate material to
global themes and concepts. Try using some of the strategies given below for better learning:
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loving relationships.) Whether we want help achieving a specific goal, finding a career
direction, or buffing up our whole life, a Life Coach can help us get there faster.
Professions which exhibit a high degree of Existential intelligence:
Philanthropy, Philosophers, theologians, life coaches, Scientist, theologian, social workers,
motivational speakers, human resources workers, Psychiatrist.
Profiles in Existentialial Intelligence
I will give you a talisman. Whenever you are in doubt, or when the self becomes too much
with you, apply the following test. Recall the face of the poorest and the weakest man [woman]
whom you may have seen, and ask yourself, if the step you contemplate is going to be of any
use to him [her]. Will he [she] gain anything by it? Will it restore him [her] to a control over his
[her] own life and destiny? In other words, will it lead to swaraj [freedom] for the hungry and
spiritually starving millions? Then you will find your doubts and yourself melt away.
- One of the last notes left behind by Mahatma Gandhi in 1948, expresses his Existential
Intelligence.
Famous People Who Have High Existential Intelligence:
Socrates, Buddha, Jesus Christ, Wayne Dyer, St. Augustine
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IQ, EQ, AQ, CQ, SQ QUOTIENTS
IQ : Intelligence Quotient consists of Logical-Mathematical & Linguistic Intelligences
EQ : Emotional Quotient consists of Intra-Personal & Inter-Personal Intelligences
AQ : Adversity Quotient consists of Bodily-Kinesthetic & Naturalistic Intelligences
CQ : Creativity Quotient consists of Visual-Spatial & Musical Intelligences
SQ : Spiritual Quotient consists of Existential Intelligence
According to renowned psychologists, IQ contributes only about 20 percent to the factors that
determine life success, which leaves 80 per cent to other forces. Solving logical or strategic
problems involves the use of rational intelligence and is termed as "Intelligence Quotient (IQ)".
Initially only verbal and mathematical-logical capabilities were considered intelligence. Howard
Gardner's 1983 book ``Frames of Mind'' refuted the narrow IQ view and extended the concept
to include spatial capacity, physical fluidity, musical capability, inter-personal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence etc.
IQ measures the ability to grasp, retain and recall factual knowledge.
Emotional Intelligence, EQ, measures the ability to understand and maturely manage people
and challenges.
Spiritual Intelligence, SQ, expands the horizon beyond the ego. It attunes one to a larger circle
of awareness and influence. They argue that the SQ is the basic foundation for an effective use
of IQ and EQ. IQ and EQ give way to spiritual intelligence, the ultimate intelligence that can add
value and meaning to your life.
Adversity Quotient, AQ, is the science of human resilience. Resilience is the ability to adapt well
to stress, adversity, trauma or tragedy. It entails remaining stable and maintaining healthy
levels of physical and psychological functions, even in the face of chaos.
People with high IQ exhibit the following characteristics
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People who successfully apply Adversity Quotient, AQ, exhibit the following
They perform optimally in the face of adversity - the challenges big and small that confront us
each day. In fact, they not only learn from these challenges, but they also respond to them
better and faster. This is because, Adversity Quotient leverages on our natural ability to learn
and change, enhancing this vital ability. Recent researches have proved that Adversity Quotient
can be increased dramatically, permanently rewired and strengthened.
People with high Creative quotient, CQ, exhibit the following characteristics:
They are fluent thinkers, able to generate possibilities, consequences, or related ideas.
They are flexible thinkers, able to use many different alternatives and approaches to
problem solving.
They are original thinkers, seeking new, unusual, or unconventional associations and
combinations among items of information.
They often display intellectual playfulness and like to fantasize and imagine.
They are sensitive to beauty and are attracted to aesthetic values.
People with High Emotional quotient, EQ, exhibit the following characteristics:
Flexibility
Self-awareness
An ability to face and use suffering
The ability to be inspired by a vision
An ability to see connections between diverse things (thinking holistically)
A desire and capacity to cause as little harm as possible
A tendency to probe and ask fundamental questions
An ability to go against convention.
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McKenzie Theory
Multiple intelligences consist of 3 domains : Analytical, Introspective and Interactive.
These three domains serve as an organizer for understanding the fluid relationship of the
intelligences and how the intelligences work with one another. (McKenzie, 2002).
The Analytical Domain
According to McKenzie (2002), the Analytical domain consists of the Logical, Musical and
Naturalist intelligences.
These are the intelligences that promote analysis of knowledge that is presented to the learner.
These three intelligences are considered analytic because they promote the processes of
analyzing and incorporating data into existing schema, even though they may have other
components.
The Interactive Domain
McKenzie (2002) indicates that the Interactive domain consists of the Linguistic, Interpersonal
and Kinesthetic intelligences.
These are the intelligences that learners typically employ to express themselves and explore
their environment.
The Introspective Domain
The Introspective domain consists of Existential, Intrapersonal, and Visual intelligences.
These are the intelligences that have a distinctly affective component to them. These
intelligences are characterized as introspective because they require a looking inward by the
learner, an emotive connection to their own experiences and beliefs in order to make sense of
new learning.
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Preferred Learning Style
Visual Capability
Characteristics
Prefer to use graphics stimulation, graphs, flow-charts, reading and observation to learn
Learning Suggestions
- Attentive, likes to observe and have excellent grasp of direction and space;
- Encouraged to record all observation and to visualize the images/scenes while reading.
- Graphics / Graphs / Charts / Words driven.
Auditory Capability
Characteristics
Prefer to use listening and discussion to learn
Learning Suggestions
- Strong auditory / listening capability;
- Encouraged to use listening and repetition of content during learning.
- Discussion driven.
Kinesthetic Capability
Characteristics
Prefer to use physical hands-on and practical activities to learn and understand
Learning Suggestions
- Active and have high bodily-kinesthetic and learning sensitivity; encouraged to use sensory
and hands-on practical activities in learning.
- Not necessarily be forced to sit quietly during revision
- Practical activities driven
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Brain Body co-ordination
Brain-body/ Nervous muscular coordination
Learning sensitivity reflects the degree and speed of coordination between the nervous
muscular system, reflecting ones efficiency. It is useful for measuring a childs future
performance in sports. The brain is mainly made up of neurons. A nerve cell receives signals
from other neurons or sensory organs, processes these signals, and sends signals to other
neurons, muscles, or bodily organs.
It reflects the degree and speed of coordination between the nervous-muscular system,
reflecting ones confidence capability and efficiency.
In simple terms, how fast one carry out the thoughts into actions.
Fast (ATD Angle < 40):
Fast in putting thoughts and ideas into action, high sensory and reflex actions, high nervousmuscular sensitivity, tend to multi-task, ability to seize opportunity and fully employing
strengths in the dominant intelligence. Always challenging own potential. High concentration
span. May add undue stress and pressure to oneself.
Normal (ATD Angle 40 to 44):
Average pace in carrying out thoughts and ideas. Average sensory and reflex actions, average
nervous-muscular sensitivity, step-by-step approach in learning. Use the dominant intelligence
area(s) to complement the other intelligences in learning. Average concentration span.
Preferred among the three types of Learning Sensitivity.
Slightly Slow (ATD Angle 45 to 54):
Slow in carrying out thoughts, tasks and ideas. Slow in action does not mean slow learner but
lower reflex and sensitivity, long decision-making process. To allow self-paced learning
environment. Short concentration span. Need more push and set deadlines.
Slow (ATD Angle 55 and above):
Slow in carrying out ideas and responses. Might indicate learning disorders and difficulty in
grasping knowledge. Need special counselling and different learning approach
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Learning - Communication Character
Self-discovery in pursuit of knowledge i.e. will take own initiative to see knowledge and
find answer
Somewhat self-centered, difficulty in communication i.e. strong believer in own beliefs
and knowledge found; need to allow him to self-discover own mistakes and wrong answers
Need to be motivated with a reason to learn, with a clear goal; allow more thinking &
give less answers
Self-motivated with own achievements
Demand space and respect in communication and decision
High ego and very proud of self
Discourage harsh punishment but allow self-learning from mistakes
Do not impose rigid and fixed rules for such children as they like to learn by inspiration.
Allow them to solve problems and challenging questions independently.
Encourage them to set goals as they are self motivated and good at setting goals and
standards.
Respect their personal opinions as they like to learn from their own mistakes.
Do not interfere with their fixed routine unless they themselves are interested to do so.
Provide them opportunities to analyze a problem in depth from various aspects.
They do not need much feedback until the job is completed.
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Suggestions for Parents
Parents need to set good examples for such children as they learn by imitation.
They value relationships so parents and tutors should communicate in an affective
manner in order to inspire them to learn.
Remind them often how much you value them in your life, and how important the
relationship is to you.
Thank them warmly and show appreciation when they show support, compromise, or
sacrifice. Be sure to let them know that you notice their efforts as timely rewards will
work very well for them.
Prepare them mentally before assigning a certain task.
They need guidance and directions to set goals and manage their time well.
They can master a skill if they are trained at an early age.
Reflective Learner Characteristics
Open-minded, able to absorb a lot but not necessarily understand it
Need patience with continuous repetition in the accumulation of knowledge
Best if given 1-1 focused learning/coaching
Clear reward and punishment method to drive improvement and to meet objectives
Motivated by philosophical ideas and objectives
Need to plan daily activities; need to reflect on daily activities
Suggestions for parents
Reflective Learners learn at their own pace and should be given time to understand a
wide range of information and putting it into concise form.
Allow them to work alone. A reflective learners motto is, Let me think it through first.
They should be given personalized attention in order to clarify their points.
Appreciate their interest in reading, lectures, exploring analytical models and having
time to think things through.
Provide them journals to write down their day to day experiences to reflect upon.
They will appreciate clear instructions and set objectives to be accomplished at their
own pace and if there is someone to guide them and remind them.
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Critical Learner Characteristics
Creative, love challenges, very competitive
Thrive on setting new standards and challenges
Coached by reverse reasoning and using reverse psychology
Use stages and points accumulation to achieve reward
Motivated by challenges and use self-planning and self-management
Suggestions for parents
Parents should encourage the critical learners curiosity and inquisitiveness to explore
their environment.
Respect their unique attributes and creativity and encourage them to use reverse
thinking in analysis, creative art, research or invention.
They should be provided with intellectually stimulating environment as they thrive on
competitive and challenging situations.
Encourage them to experiment with new ideas, stimulations, laboratory assignments
and practical applications.
Allow them to point out mistakes and errors and appreciate their ability to criticize and
question things.
They should be taught in reverse operation way to boost their extraordinary thinking
ability.
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Objective / Concept Driven Model
The Frontal and Pre Frontal Lobe (Objective and Concept Driven Model)
The frontal lobe is an area in the brain of humans and other mammals, located at the front of
each cerebral hemisphere and positioned anterior to (in front of) the parietal lobe and superior
and anterior to the temporal lobes. The frontal lobe contains most of the dopamine-sensitive
neurons in the cerebral cortex. The dopamine system is associated with reward, attention,
short-term memory tasks, planning, and drive. Dopamine tends to limit and select sensory
information arriving from the thalamus to the fore-brain
Objective Driven style controlled by Pre-frontal cortex
The Pre-frontal cortex (PFC) is the anterior part of the frontal lobe of the brain, lying in front of
the motor and pre motor areas. A report from the National Institute of Mental Health says a
gene variant that reduces dopamine activity in the pre frontal is related to poorer performance
and inefficient functioning of that brain region during working memory tasks. This brain region
has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behaviours, personality expression, decision
making and moderating correct social behaviour.
The most typical psychological term for functions carried out by the prefrontal cortex area is
executive function. Executive function relates to abilities to differentiate among conflicting
thoughts, determine good and bad, better and best, same and different, future consequences
of current activities, working toward a defined goal, prediction of outcomes, expectation based
on actions, and social "control". It has been found to play a part in impulse control, working
memory, problem solving, socialization and spontaneity. It assists in planning, coordinating,
controlling and executing. People who have damaged prefrontal lobe may experience
problems in taking initiatives, ability to concentrate, lack of inhibitions, goal direction and
emotional ability with flat effect.
Objective Driven
Characteristics
Risk-taker, Bold, Goal-oriented, Confident, Committed
Suggestions
- Give reasons: Why must do or must learn something?
- Set objectives/goals:
Self-guide and motivate to achieve goals
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Concept Driven style controlled by Frontal lobe:
This brain region has been implicated in human primary capability to process information and
think logically, including space perception, abstract thinking, artistic cognition, arithmetical
ability, articulation, reasoning and judgement, language production, imagination, concept and
idea formation, creative thinking and visualization
.
Record thoughts to paper and logically decide what to do
Categorize information and facts about the topic
Plan and make strategy using visual imagery ability
Concept Driven
Characteristics
Cautious, analytical, meticulous, moderate confidence, high executive power
Suggestions
- Record thoughts to paper and logically decide what to do
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Hollands Theory of Personality and Work Management Types
The Holland Code represents a set of personality types described in a theory of careers and
vocational choice formulated by psychologist John L. Holland. Holland's theory argued that "the
choice of a vocation is an expression of personality" and that the six factor typology he
articulated could be used to describe both persons and work environments. His typology
provides an interpretative structure for a number of different vocational interest surveys,
including the two measures he developed.
Holland's Theory does not assume that a person is just one type or that there are "only six types
of people in the world." Instead, he assumed that any person could be described as having
interests associated with each of the six types in a descending order of preference. This
assumption allows the Holland Codes to be used to describe 720 (6!) different personality
patterns. As the theory is applied in interest inventories and job classifications, it is usually only
the two or three most dominant codes that are used for vocational guidance.
The six personality and work environment types described by Holland are as follows:
Realistic (R)
Investigative (I)
Artistic (A)
Social (S)
Enterprising (E)
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Activities based on Multiple Intelligences for children and
Integrating Technology with Multiple Intelligences
The multiple intelligences can be enhanced with the use of technology. Following Howard
Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligence, teachers can encourage development by providing
enrichment opportunities in each of the areas of the intellect.
If your children are very curious and inquisitive about the world around them and constantly
ask questions about how things work, answer them patiently and let them know that their
questions are always welcomed. If they are keen to explore and do things without anybody's
help, encourage them to do so.
Encourage them to be involved in problem solving and critical thinking activities such as
enrolling in a math club or a chess club.
Provide them games such as checkers, chess, backgammon, puzzles, science resource books ,
Popular science magazines, Biographies of scientists and inventors, Exploration and
experimentation tools, Magnifying glass, microscope, telescope or binoculars, Megaphones,
cones and microphones, Measurement devices (rulers, graduated cylinders etc.), Bug jars and
boxes, plastic containers for collecting specimens (botanical, entomological, geological etc.),
Teacher-written index card challenges "What happens if you..." (students make predictions,
then conduct experiments)
Integrating Technology in Logical/ Mathematical Intelligence:
Computer programs that teach logic and critical thinking skills are also available in game
formats that could motivate children.
Maths programs that allow drilling and practicing.
Database programs that help explore and organize data and information.
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Word Smart Children
These kids love to read and write. Provide them with Creative writing tools (variety of pens,
paper, etc.); tape recorder; magazines that can be cut up for images; story starter books and
cards.
Let them share and discuss the books or articles they have read with you.
Encourage them to write a review about the books they read.
These kids love to talk. They will enjoy if you let them read stories to you or even act out the
story while reading.
Give them opportunities to conduct interviews and do talk shows.
Have them prepare speeches or enrol in drama classes. You can ask your kids to read stories to
each other as well.
Integrating Technology in Linguistic Intelligence:
Use of word processing programs can help teach language, writing, editing and rewriting skills.
Also the Internet is an invaluable tool in learning. Through e-mail children can improve their
language skills as well.
Other applications children may benefit from are:
Computer with colour printer: concept mapping software, word processor, e-mail and Internet
connection
Multimedia presentation tools (e.g. Hyper Studio, PowerPoint etc.)
Word processors with voice annotations.
Desktop publishing programs.
Programs that allow children to create stories, poems, essays etc.
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Self Smart Children
Encourage them to keep a journal and write down their wish list, goals and create vision
boards.
Help them to realize the steps and goals to achieve larger future goals, to name a few, places
they would like to go, books they would like to read, activities they would like to join, foods that
they would like to eat, cars that they would like to drive or houses that they would like to live in
the future.
Integrating Technology in Intrapersonal Intelligences:
The computer can help children build up individual skills. It allows for differences in childrens
learning styles and abilities. Children may work on their own pace with computers.
Applications children may benefit from are:
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People Smart Children
People smart children are always willing to join group activities in the school and out of the
school.
Encourage them to participate in group discussions and organize events and manage activities.
Try and have brain storming sessions with such children.
Develop this intelligence by emphasizing and encouraging your child to participate and
demonstrate good behaviour in social settings. And remember, you are the role model of this
intelligence for your children. They will learn a lot by imitating.
Integrating Technology in Interpersonal Intelligence:
Students can work in groups of two to four on the computers. Working in groups will
strengthen childrens communication and co-operation skills.
Applications children may benefit from are:
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Body Smart Children
Body smart children are full of energy and exhibit natural inclination towards sports activities,
dance or well coordinated activities. To develop this intelligence, encourage them to participate
in school sports days.
Enrol them in sports activities outside the school such as swimming, tennis, basketball or soccer
classes. This intelligence may possibly be a good opportunity to stretch other intelligences by
hands on experiences.
You can provide them with sports magazines as they will enjoy reading about their favourite
sports, teams or players or simply ask them to read the daily newspaper's sport section.
Enrolling them in dance classes will give them an opportunity to be interested in music as well.
Software games that allow contact with the keyboard, mouse, joystick and other devices.
Animation programs
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Picture Smart Children
Provide opportunities for your kids to motivate their creative imagination such as drawing,
painting, colouring, printing, designing etc.
Encourage them to join drawing and painting classes. Provide them with comic books and
pictures of cartoon characters and let them draw the images.
Challenge their creativity and encourage them to design clothing, 3D projects, buildings and
scenery or play areas. Provide them with blocks, puzzles and things that they can take apart and
put back together.
Integrating Technology in Visual Intelligence:
Graphics programs that help develop creativity and visual skills. Also browsing the Internet,
organizing files, folders will develop some spatial understanding.
Other applications children may benefit from are:
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Music Smart Children
Kids who have a high level of musical rhythmic intelligence exhibit greater sensitivity to sounds,
rhythms, tones and music. In addition they will often use songs or rhythms to learn and
memorize information, and may work best with music playing in the background.
To develop this intelligence, encourage your children to join school bands or choirs or play an
instrument at home. Encourage them to listen and study different types of music and culture of
other countries.
Encourage them to create and compose music, lyrics and melody of their own. Provide them
with books about musicians to read.
Integrating Technology in Musical Intelligence:
Programs that help write or play music.
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Nature Smart Children
Suggested Software: Magic School Bus (takes students on electronic field trips)
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Spiritual Smart Children
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DrHappyLi
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Multiple Intelligences in the Classrooms
. . . student brains are more than IQ and their skills span more than the Reading, Writing and
Arithmetic
All students can learn
It is important in education to celebrate all aspects of diversity, including the many ways
students learn.
Individuals should be encouraged to use their preferred intelligences in learning.
Instructional activities should appeal to different forms of intelligence.
Assessment of learning should measure multiple forms of intelligence.
Successful education does not require covering everything from Plato to NATO. In fact, the
greatest enemy of understanding is coverage. If we try to cover everything, by the end of the
day people will have learned very little and will have understood nothing.
Focus on the End Result/What Students REALLY need to know upon leaving the formal learning
environment.
Recognize that not all children will have an understanding of all traditional areas in todays
world of information dissemination.
Success Stories:
Albert Einstein did not speak until he was 4 and did not read until he was 7. His was described
as mentally slow and unsociable' and he was expelled from school.
Thomas Edison's was found too stupid to be able to learn anything'. He was fired from his first
two jobs for being non-productive and made 1,000 unsuccessful attempts before inventing the
light bulb ... and several other things.
Abraham Lincoln was a failure as a businessman and lawyer. He, in fact, also failed in his first
attempt to be nominated to Congress.
Winston Churchill failed the sixth grade and was defeated in every election for public office
other than the one where he carved out a name for himself.
Obviously these people were blessed with innate intelligence that went far beyond the written
word and their success in life was owing to their multiple intelligences.
DrHappyLi
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How can the Multiple Intelligences be implemented in the school class rooms?
Of
the
9
different
ways
we
learn,
schools
focus
on
only
two.
Add the other 7, and you increase the chances of success by Bruce Campbell. To implement
Gardner's theory in an educational setting, some schools and teachers have organized their
classrooms into various learning centers, each dedicated to one of the 9 intelligences. The
students spend approximately two-thirds of each school day moving through the centers - 15 to
20 minutes at each center. Curriculum is thematic and the centers provide different ways for
the students to learn the subject matter.
What kinds of learning activities take place at each center?
All students learn each day's lesson in many ways. They build models, dance, make
collaborative decisions, create songs, solve deductive reasoning problems, read, write and
illustrate all in one school day. Some more specific examples of activities at each centre follow:
In the Math & Science Center (Logical/ Mathematical Intelligence), they work with math games,
manipulatives, mathematical concepts, science experiments, deductive reasoning and problem
solving.
In the Reading Center (Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence), students read, write, and learn in many
traditional modes. They analyze and organize information in written form.
In the Personal Work Center (Intrapersonal Intelligence), students explore the present area of
study through research, reflection or individual projects.
In the Working Together Center (Interpersonal Intelligence), they develop cooperative learning
skills as they solve problems, answer questions, create learning games, brainstorm ideas and
discuss that day's topic collaboratively.
In the Building Center (Kinesthetic Intelligence), they build models, dramatize events, and
dance, all in ways that relate to the content of that day's subject matter.
In the Art Center (Spatial Intelligence), they explore a subject area using diverse art media,
manipulables, puzzles, charts and pictures.
In the Music Center (Musical Intelligence), students compose and sing songs about the subject
matter, make their own instruments and learn in rhythmical ways.
In the Nature Center (Naturalistic Intelligence), they explore the natural surroundings, collect
samples and analyze information on the basis of self observation.
In the Spirit Center (Existential Intelligence), they try to understand bigger picture behind a
project and its impact on life and society
Following their work at the centers, a few minutes are set aside for groups and individual
students to share their work from the centers. Much of the remainder of the day is spent with
students working on independent projects, either individually or in small groups where they
apply the diverse skills developed at the centers. If we educate to engage the whole gamut of
human potentialities in the classroom, society will benefit by enabling each diverse human
gift to find its fitting place.
DrHappyLi
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609,Whi
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SVRoad,Andher
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Mumbai400058
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:9619880062
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A Beautiful Mind
A childs mind is like the bud of a flower; beautiful and ready to blossom and witness the beauty
of the world outside.
As responsible and loving parents you need to remember one important thing though,
A Jasmine bud never blossoms into a Rose flower, nor does a Rose bud never blossoms into a
Lotus flower!!!!
Let every childs mind blossom and radiate its own fragrance!!!!
You just need to nurture it with your love and care!!!!
The 2 most wonderful things a parent can give his child are
Roots & Wings
THANK YOU
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DrHappyLi
f
e,
609,Whi
t
eHous
eBl
dg,
SVRoad,Andher
iWes
tSt
n,
Mumbai400058
Cal
l
:9619880062
www.
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happy
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