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have not been applied electric field, the rule fulfill the average of these random
motions within the object is zero. That is, given an unreal plane drawn through the
object, if you add the charges (electrons) passing through this plane in one
direction, and subtract loads that cross in the opposite direction, these quantities
are canceled. The electrical resistance, commonly symbolized as R, is the difficulty
or having a body opposed to the passage of an electric current to flow through it. In
the International System of Units, the resistance is measured in ohms, which is
designated by the Greek letter capital omega, . For as there are various methods,
among which is the use of an ohmmeter.
This definition is valid for the direct current and alternating current in the case of
resistive elements pure, that is, no inductive or capacitive component. If there are
these reactive components, the opposition presented to the flow of current is called
impedance.
Depending on the magnitude of this opposition, the substances are classified as
conductors, insulators and semiconductors. There are also certain materials that,
under certain conditions of temperature, a phenomenon called superconductivity,
wherein the resistance value is almost zero appears.
The value of resistance can be identified by a color code where the first line is the
first number, the second is the second digit, the third is a multiplier and finally, the
fourth line of tolerance.
Factors which influence the electrical resistance include:
1. nature of the conductor: Moving electrical charges in a conductor. Essentially
distinguishing between alternating electric current, that is one whose intensity
changes magnitude and direction according to a sinusoidal law, and continuous,
that is, the intensity of electrical current that remains constant over time.
Conventionally directional taken as the current direction opposite to the actual
movement of the electrons in the circuit, and this coincides with the direction of
high to low potential and the positive to the negative. The intensity of an electric
current is flowing through the load conductor cross section per unit time. The most
widespread electrical current is the transport of negative charges (electrons)
through a metallic conductor without causing any alteration of the latter, which acts
only as support of electrons occurs.
2.-resistance conductor length is directly proportional to cable length.
The longer the thread, the greater the resistance offered to the passage of electric
current. It is directly proportional to the length: 2m thread long double resistance
presented to an identical yarn length of 1 m.